My identity as a Bahá'í
and as an artist are closely tied.

I encountered the Bahá'í Faith in my first year of art school and then joined the Bahá'í community a year later when I was twenty years old in 1981.

My art has diversified a lot since then as has my understanding of what it means to call oneself a Bahá'í.

Likewise I find it difficult to describe what type of art I make not just because I use a great diversity of materials and styles, but because I use them in various ways.

Sometimes my approach is more conceptual, sometimes it is more intuitive, sometimes it is an interpretation or reworking of an experience, and more often a piece contains aspects of all of these approaches.

I strongly identify with Bahá'í values such as "art is worship" or "racial and gender equality", but at the same time I find it hard to define what a Bahá'í is.
Sometimes I don't know what a Bahá'í is, just as I don't know what God is.

Another work is the video installation Ablutions, where two hands descend out of darkness to lift water out of a glass bowl. These repeated movements are projected onto a cloth suspended between four pillars (50cm apart), but it is a video of a performance and not a loop. There are variations that indicate that this is a process rather than a mechanical repetition.

I made this piece to share my sense of the spiritual as a Bahá´í. Some Bahá´ís wash before saying their daily prayer just as Muslims do. It is not about cleaning, but more a ritual or preparation for communing with the divine. The video images are from my ´performing´ these ablutions under and towards the camera.

Letters of the Living was an installation of 19 flags made for the 1996 Oerol international arts festival. That year´s theme was magnetism, and I chose a period of nineteenth-century Iranian Bahá'í history as my starting-point.

The first 19 followers of this religion took great personal risks, in leaving an established religion to become part of a newly emerging one to follow the Báb (meaning The Gate or The Entrance).

As I worked on these drawings, I realised that uncertainty, restraint and alienation were as much a part of any quest as desire, passion and conviction.

So these drawings and flags became the result of my own quest to express the magic, attraction, uncertainty and challenge of the spirit.

The nineteen flags were arranged along a ridge of dunes and from a distance appeared to be in a line. As you walked up towards them they didn't appear to be lined up along any particular direction.

It's the same with any group or system. From a distance, the group identity or system appear to be distinctively defined but from close up or from inside, customs or systems are much more complex than following what might look like a clearly defined path.

Each flag not only symbolises a Letter of this new alphabet, but also a gate or threshold for the spiritual while each branch (from the island forests) symbolised a point of contact: the material. The 'material' branch held each each flag to a point, while the wind swept each ´spiritual´ flag in constant motion.
The flags are a particular colour but the forms they create under the influence of the wind constantly vary. Those "Letters of the Living" followed the magnetism of the Báb and were interpreting this magnetism in diverse ways into their lives.

What I found so exciting were all the extra associations and sensations that I had not anticipated. The isolation of the windswept location and yet the unmissable presence of the flags and their constant highly audible flapping.

De lithograph Letters of the Living is an adaption of the white line drawings for the flags in the form of a circle (a common Sufi feature). One reason I used a circle was because many of these new Bábí-Moslims came from a Sufi background.   

A recurring theme in my work is a sense of ´loss´ or being split up. Generally I express this theme in the positive, as a celebration of the 'diverse' or ´multiple´. In my own life I feel ´split up´ all the time, and particularly in relation to the spiritual, partly because I grew up in a culture where life isn't so categorised as it is in the Netherlands, but also because this is a more materialistic society.

My feminist views and being a mother of young children also contribute towards this general feeling of being 'split up'. However in my work I often express more optimistic perspectives, and that is probably why I am a Bahá'í. The Bahá'í Faith is an optimistic view of the world. We believe all people have the natural desire to do good, but what hinders this is ignorance or illness.

In the work, Replaced text, a text taken from the Satanic Verses by Salman Rushdie, asks the viewer "what kind of idea are you". It illustrates that no matter how small the idea is, if you have conviction and will, in the end that idea can change something. At the same time it also raises questions: how does one know when to compromise or not, and is there a wisdom in this?

The book is about bringing oneself to account, about examining one's own ideals, in the lives of the two main characters. But unfortunately, that theme seems to have been overlooked, for socio-political reasons. So here his book did make an impact on the world, but not, I would think, in the way the author intended.

Ideas are not independent of the world, of history, so it is all well and good to have conviction and a good idea, but how we present it is just as important and how we are affected by the forces of society is also an important factor. Rushdie's book also brilliantly weaves these sorts of issues throughout the book, so it what has happened is both unfortunate and ironic.

Here I've taken the text and reset it in another framework. The film mirrors slightly, giving the viewer a fuzzy reflection of themselves.

Another work called Shadow visualizes the theme of how history is always there.

A dark shape, a shadow or phoenix form rises out of the double pages of a book on feminist theology by Mary Daly.

The shadow form ambiguously occupies either a positive or a negative space, but it is definitely in the foreground. I wanted to show that history is always there but that is not something passive, more like a metamorphizing shadow that always hovers over us.

I believe that the more we can see this, through being exposed to all sorts of ideas, then our history is less restrictive. I've used a gradation of blue to purple color in the background to suggest a changing sky or background. 

view the postcard of this work

Another work, I tend to see the world as one also ambiguously plays the light-hearted against the deadly serious.

Above are the words:

The text underneath reads:

The baby-joker is telling us that things are OK, yet it was a response to my awe and confusion at being a mother, complicated by a hostile art school environment.
The work presents a positive view, a bit like turning the other cheek. The baby is calm. But there is a twist. The text turns on itself just as a card is turned and reshuffled: fate and providence.