Bahai Library Online

Encyclopedia articles / dictionary entries

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  1. 'Abdu'l-Bahá, by Moojan Momen. (1995)
  2. 'Abdu'l-Baha, by Author unknown. (2004)
  3. 'Abdu'l-Bahá: Life and Teachings, by Alessandro Bausani, Denis MacEoin. (1985) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  4. 'Abdu'l-Bahá 'Abbás, by Firuz Kazemzadeh. (2009-04) On the eldest son and appointed successor of Bahá’u’lláh, the Center of His Covenant, and the Head of the Bahá’í Faith from 1892 to 1921, regarded, along with the Báb and Bahá’u’lláh, as one of the Central Figures of the Bahá’í Faith.
  5. 'Abdu'l-Bahá, Ascension of (November 28), by Christopher Buck. (2011-09)
  6. 'Abdul-Baha, by Moojan Momen. (2011)
  7. Adíb Tálaqání (Hand of the Cause), by Moojan Momen. (1985) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  8. Administration, Bahá'í, by Glenford Mitchell. (2009-04) On the international system governing the affairs of the Bahá’í Faith; a framework based on elected councils that hold legislative, executive, and judicial authority and on appointed individuals whose role is to protect and advise.
  9. Afnán: Genealogy of the Afnān Family, by Moojan Momen. (1985) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  10. Ages and Cycles, by Moojan Momen. (1995) Overview of the ideas of specific cycles and periods of time in Bahá'í belief.
  11. Ahsá'í, Shaykh Ahmad, by Denis MacEoin. (1985) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  12. Akhund, Haji (Haji Mulla `Ali-Akbar Shahmirzadi), by Moojan Momen. (1995) Short biography of an Iranian Hand of the Cause of God.
  13. Alain Locke, by Christopher Buck. (2013)
  14. Alavíyyih Khánum and 'Alí Ján, Mullá, by Mehraeen Mottahedin-Mavaddat, Moojan Momen. (2009) On the couple, both distinguished Iranian teachers of the Bahá’í Faith; Mullá ‘Alí Ján was executed for his faith.
  15. Alí Akbar Shahmírzádí (Hájjí Akhund), by Moojan Momen. (1985) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  16. Ali Bastami, Mulla, by Moojan Momen. (1995)
  17. Alí Bastámí, Mullá, by Moojan Momen. (2009) On the second disciple to recognize the Báb, and the first Bábí martyr.
  18. Alí Bastámí, Mullá, by Denis MacEoin. (1985) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  19. Allen, Wellesca Pollock, by Author unknown. (1915) Brief bio of a kindergarten teacher from Washington DC who visited Abdu'l-Bahá in 1907.
  20. America is a Multifaith Nation, by Christopher Buck. (2012) While the United States was once a "Christian" nation, it is now a multi-faith one. Includes short overview of American religious history, and statistics of church membership.
  21. Amín Hájjí: trustees of Huqúqu'lláh, by Moojan Momen. (1985) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  22. Amin, Haji Abu'l-Hasan, by Moojan Momen. (1995)
  23. Áqá Khan Kermání, by Mangol Bayat. (1987) Brief excerpt, with link to full article offsite.
  24. Aqasi, Haji Mirza ('Abbas Iravani), by Sholeh A. Quinn. (2009) On the prime minister of Iran under Muhammad Shah Qajar from 1835 to 1848, regarded by Bahá’ís as the Antichrist of the Bábí dispensation.
  25. Ardakání, Hajjí Abu'l-Hasan (Hand of the Cause), by Denis MacEoin. (1987) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  26. Ashkhabad (Ashgabat), Bahá'í Community of, by Vahid Rafati. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to full article offsite.
  27. Ashraf, Ghodsieh, by Mahnaze A. da Silveira. (2012) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  28. Augur, George Jacob, by Duane Troxel. (2009) On the American doctor who became one of the early Bahá’ís of Hawaii and was the first resident Bahá’í in Japan, designated by Shoghi Effendi a Disciple of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá.
  29. Australia: History of the Bahá'í Faith, by Graham Hassall. (1998) Short history of the Bahá'í community of Australia.
  30. Áyatí, Abdu'l-Husayn, by Iraj Afshar. (1989) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  31. Ayyám-i-Há (February 25), by Christopher Buck. (2011-09)
  32. Azalí Babism, by Denis MacEoin. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  33. Báb (Door, Gate), by Denis MacEoin. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  34. Bab al-Bab (Mulla Husayn Bushrui, the "Bábu'l-Báb"), by Author unknown. (1988/2020) One-line cross-reference entry, with no author's name.
  35. Báb, Bábís, by E. G. Browne. (1926)
  36. Bab, Birth of, by Christopher Buck, J. Gordon Melton. (2010)
  37. Bab, Birth of, by Christopher Buck, J. Gordon Melton. (2010)
  38. Báb, Festival of the Birth of the (October 20), by Christopher Buck, J. Gordon Melton. (2011-09)
  39. Báb, Martyrdom of the (July 9), by Christopher Buck. (2011-09)
  40. Bab, The, by Moojan Momen, Todd Lawson. (2011)
  41. Báb, The (ʿAlí Mohammad Shirází), by Denis MacEoin. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  42. Babi, by Vladimir Minorsky. (1950) Encyclopedia entry, the draft of which was found in Minorsky's archive, along with three pages of typed "errata" possibly written by H. M. Balyuzi on behalf of a Bahá'í institution.
  43. Bábí Executions and Uprisings, by Denis MacEoin. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  44. Bábí Movement, by Denis MacEoin. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  45. Babi, or Babists, by Author unknown. (1878)
  46. Bábí-Bahá'í Community in Khorasan, The, by Minou Foadi. (2022) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  47. Bábíism, by E. G. Browne. (1910)
  48. Bábís, by C. M. MacGregor. (1995-12) Short overview, as excerpted by MacGregor from Shiel's Glimpses of Life and Manners.
  49. Babis, Bahá'ís, Shaykhis, by Cyril Glasse. (1991)
  50. Babism, by Author unknown. (2008-07)
  51. Babism, Leo de Colange, ed. (1869) Possibly the earliest encyclopedia entry on The Bab.
  52. Babism, by George W. Gilmore. (1908) Detailed encyclopedia entry on the life and teachings of the Báb.
  53. Bábism in Nayriz, by Hussein Ahdieh. (2015) Brief excerpt on Nayriz and Sayyed Yahyá Dárábí (Vahíd), with link to article offsite.
  54. Babysme, Babys, by Author unknown. (1868)
  55. Badasht, by Moojan Momen. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  56. Badí' Calendar, by Denis MacEoin. (1989) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  57. Badí` Khurasani, by Moojan Momen. (1995) Short biography of Badi, a Bahá'í renowned for his bravery and devotion.
  58. Bagdádi Family, by Kamran Ekbal. (2014) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  59. Bahá'í, by Michael Karlberg. (2009-11) Bahá’ís recognize nature as an expression of God’s will, view science and religion as complementary approaches to truth, and pursue processes of individual and community development that promote unity, social justice, and ecological sustainability.
  60. Bahá'í: Religion and Diet, by Paul Fieldhouse. (2003) Short overview of fasting, feast, and diet.
  61. Bahá'í: History, Beliefs, Practices, Theological Exchanges, and Current Issues, by Christopher Buck. (2014) Brief overviews of Bahá'í history and thought.
  62. Bahá'í and Bábí Schisms, by Denis MacEoin. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  63. Bahá'í Calendar and Festivals, by Amin Banani. (1989) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  64. Bahá'í Communities, by Peter Smith. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  65. Bahá'í Conventions, by Moojan Momen. (1989) Brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  66. Bahá'í Faith, by Author unknown. (1994/1996) Entry from an early CD-ROM encyclopedia.
  67. Baha'i Faith: Overview, by Robert Stockman. (2011)
  68. Baha'i Faith, by Douglas Martin. (1997-09-06) Includes overview of the Bahá'í Faith in Canada.
  69. Bahá'í Faith, by Juan Cole. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  70. Baha'i Faith and Christianity, by Seena Fazel, Marcus Braybrooke. (2010) Two short entries on the theological relationship between these two Faiths.
  71. Baha'i Faith and Social Action, by Christopher Buck. (2007)
  72. Baha'i Faith and the Environment, The, by Richard Landau. (2002) Participation of the Bahá'í International Community in UN-sponsored development and environmental initiatives for resolving the difficult challenges before humanity.
  73. Baha'i Faith, roots of, by Robert Stockman. (2011)
  74. Bahá'í Faith, Scholarship on, by Moojan Momen. (1995) This article is a survey of attempts to analyse and study the Bábí and Bahá'í Faith from a scholarly viewpoint.
  75. Bahá'í Faith, The: World Religious Statistics, by Firuz Kazemzadeh. (1988/1999) A reprint of the widely-circulated encyclopedia article showing the Bahá'í Faith to be the world's second most wide-spread religion.
  76. Bahá'í Faith, The, by Robert Stockman. (2008)
  77. Bahá'í Faith, The, by Graham Hassall. (2009)
  78. Bahá'í Faith, The, by Robert Stockman. (2002)
  79. Bahá'í Faith, The, by Christopher Buck. (2012)
  80. Bahá'í Faith, The, by Lil Osborn. (2021) Origins; Bahá'u'lláh; `Abdu'l-Bahá and Shoghi Effendi; 'world religion' from 1957; beliefs and practices; controversies; persecution.
  81. Baha'i Faith: A Portrait, by Robert Stockman. (1995) General introduction to Bahá'í history and teachings.
  82. Bahá'í History, by Moojan Momen, Peter Smith. (1993) A general survey of the history of the Bahá'í Faith, including a brief overview of main events in Bábí and Bahá'í history. Next, a series of themes that have developed throughout Bahá'í history is examined.
  83. Bahá'í Literature, by Denis MacEoin. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  84. Bahá'í Persecutions, by Denis MacEoin. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  85. Baha'i Pioneers, by Moojan Momen. (2013) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  86. Bahá'í Schools, by Vahid Rafati. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  87. Bahá'í Shrines, by John Walbridge. (1989)
  88. Bahá'í World Centre, by Moojan Momen. (2009) On the spiritual center of the Bahá’í Faith, established in the twin cities of Acre and Haifa, the focal points of devotion for Bahá’ís around the world, and edifices of the administrative center.
  89. Bahá'ís, by Christopher Buck. (2001) The Bahá'í Faith's continuities and discontinuities with Islam. This is the only Bahá'í-related article in The Encyclopaedia of the Qur’an.
  90. Baha'is, by Christopher Buck. Jane Dammen McAuliffe, ed. (2016) The Bahá'í Faith's continuities and discontinuities with Islam. This is the only Bahá'í-related article in The Encyclopaedia of the Qur’an.
  91. Bahá'íyyih Khánum, by Moojan Momen. (1989) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  92. Bahá'u'lláh, by Juan Cole. (1995) Biography of Bahá'u'lláh, the Founder of the Bahá'í Faith.
  93. Baha'u'llah, by Author unknown. (2011)
  94. Bahá'u'lláh, by Juan Cole. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  95. Bahá'u'lláh, Ascension of (May 29), by Christopher Buck. (2011-09)
  96. Baha'u'llah, birth and ascension of, by J. Gordon Melton. (2011)
  97. Bahá'u'lláh, Birth/Ascension of, by Christopher Buck, J. Gordon Melton. (2010-09)
  98. Bahá'u'lláh, Festival of the Birth of (November 12), by Christopher Buck, J. Gordon Melton. (2011-09)
  99. Bahai, by Helmuth von Glasenapp. (1963) Two-page overview of Bahá'í history.
  100. Bahá'í Faith Seen through the Eyes of Major Encyclopedias, The, by Seena Fazel. (1992) Overview of some themes and organization/structure common to articles about Bahá'í topics published in encyclopedias; includes a list of references to the Bahá’í Faith in major encyclopedias (as of 1992).
  101. Baker, Euphemia Eleanor, by Graham Hassall. (1996) Short biography of an early Australian Bahá'í.
  102. Baker, Richard Edward St. Barbe, by Wendi Momen, Anthony A. Voykovic. (2009) On the world-famous environmentalist, founder in 1922 of Men of the Trees, the first global conservation movement, author of many books and articles.
  103. Balágí, Muhammad Jawád (anti-Bahá'í activist), by Etan Kohlberg. (1989) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  104. Balyuzi, H. M., by Moojan Momen. (1989) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  105. Barághání, Muhammad Taqí, by Denis MacEoin. (1989) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  106. Barbados, by Patricia Paccassi. (1995)
  107. Bárfurúshí, Muhammad `Alí, by Denis MacEoin. (1989) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  108. Bausani, Alessandro, by Biancamaria Scarcia Amoretti. (2008) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  109. Bayán, by Denis MacEoin. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  110. Behaism, by Margaret B. Peeke. (1908) Short entry on the teachings of Bahá'u'lláh and Bahá'í practices.
  111. Biography of Napoleon: Tablet to Napoleon III (Lawh-i-Napulyún), by Author unknown. (1999) Biography of Napoleon III, to whom Bahá'u'lláh wrote two Tablets.
  112. Biography of Pope Pius IX: Tablet to Pope Pius IX (Lawh-i-Páp), by Author unknown. (1999) Biography of Pope Pius IX, to whom Bahá'u'lláh wrote a Tablet.
  113. Biography of Queen Victoria: Tablet to Queen Victoria (Lawh-i-Malikih), by Author unknown. (1999) Biography of Queen Victoria, to whom Bahá'u'lláh wrote a Tablet.
  114. Biography of Tsar Alexander: Tablet to Tsar Alexander II (Lawh-i-Malik-i-Rus), by Author unknown. (1999) Short biography of Tsar Alexander ll describing him as a great historical figure without the charisma of a great man. Suggests history should view what he did, such as abolishing serfdom and building railroads, as more important than who he was.
  115. Biography of Wilhelmina Sherriff Bain, Jonah Winters, comp. (2013) Compilation of documents about an early feminist and peace advocate who received a Tablet from Abdu'l-Bahá in 1908.
  116. Bourgeois, Jean-Baptiste Louis (1856-1930), by R. Jackson Armstrong-Ingram. (1997) Short biography of the architect and designer of Mashriqu'l-Adhkar at Wilmette, Illinois.
  117. British influence in Persia in the 19th century, by Abbas Amanat. (2003) Includes various mentions of the Bábí context. Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  118. Brittingham, Isabella, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  119. Browne, Edward Granville, by Moojan Momen. (1995) Short biography of an English orientalist and famous scholar of the Bábí and Bahá'í Faiths.
  120. Browne, Edward Granville: Babism and Bahá'ísm, by Juan Cole. (1990) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  121. Browne, Edward Granville: life and academic career, by Michael Wickens. (1990) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  122. Browne, Edward Granville: Persian Constitutional movement, by Kamran Ekbal. (1990) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  123. Buddhism and the Bahá'í Faith, by Moojan Momen. (1995)
  124. Burial: in Bahá'í Communities, by Vahid Rafati. (1990) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  125. Bushrú'í, Mullá Muhammad Husayn, by Denis MacEoin. (1990) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  126. Bushrui, Hasan Foadi, by Fereydun Vahman. (2015) Brief excerpt of a bio of the head of Bahá'í schools in Iran and Turkmenistan, with link to article offsite.
  127. Calendar, Bahá'í, and Rhythms of Worship, by Christopher Buck, J. Gordon Melton. (2011-09)
  128. Chase, Thornton, by Robert Stockman. (2009) On the first person in the West to become a steadfast Bahá’í, one of the founders of the Chicago Bahá’í community, included by Shoghi Effendi among a number of prominent early Bahá’ís he designated "Disciples of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá."
  129. Chase, Thornton, by Moojan Momen. (1992) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  130. Chase, Thornton, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  131. Chihriq, by Juan Cole, Amir Hassanpour. (1990) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  132. Children, by Nancy A. Davis. (2009) On persons in the stages of life from conception, when the soul comes into being, to the age of fifteen, the beginning of spiritual maturity or adulthood.
  133. Circumpolar Regions (Arctic): History of the Baha'i Faith, by Will C. van den Hoonaard. (1994-03)
  134. Community, Baha'i, by Will C. van den Hoonaard. (1993-12)
  135. Constitutional Revolution: Intellectual Background, by Abbas Amanat. (1992) Brief excerpts, with link to article offsite.
  136. Constitutional Revolution (Iran): Intellectual Background, by Abbas Amanat. (1993) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  137. Conversion: to Bábí and Bahá'í Faiths, by Juan Cole. (1993) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  138. Cosmogony and Cosmology, by Moojan Momen. (1993) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  139. Covenant, Day of the (November 26), by Christopher Buck. (2011-09)
  140. Covenant, The, and Covenant-breaker, by Moojan Momen. (1995)
  141. Creation: The Nature of God and the Creation of the Universe in Bahá'í Cosmology, by Keven Brown. (2003)
  142. Dawlatábádí, Sayyed Yahyá, by Abbas Amanat. (1996) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  143. Death and Dying in the Bahá'í Faith, by Moshe Sharon. (2003) Brief summary of Bahá'í history and theological background; the three layers of existence; death as the transition between levels of reality; Bahá'í burial laws.
  144. Declaration of the Báb, Festival of, by Christopher Buck. (2011-09)
  145. Deganawida, the Peacemaker, by Christopher Buck. (2015) Biography of the Iroquois / Haudenosaunee prophet-like figure who lived around 600 or 900 years ago.
  146. Dhikr: in the Bábí and Bahá'í Religions, by Moojan Momen. (1996) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  147. Die Religion in Geschichte und Gegenwart: Handwörterbuch für Theologie und Religionswissenschaft, Hans Dieter Betz, ed. (1957) Two dictionary definitions: "Bahai-Religion" and "Babismus".
  148. Discourse Theory and Peace, by Michael Karlberg. (2012) Discourse theory, which rests on the idea that language helps constitute our reality, can shed light on the role that language plays in both direct and structural violence. No mention of the Bahá'í Faith.
  149. Discovering [The Qur'an], by Christopher Buck. (2006) Academic study of the Qur'an, its themes, and how to begin interpreting it.
  150. Divorce, by Moojan Momen. (1996) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  151. Dodge, Arthur, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  152. Dodge, Arthur Pillsbury, by Robert Stockman. (2009) On the early American Bahá’í named by Shoghi Effendi a Disciple of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá.
  153. Dolgorukov Memoirs, by Moojan Momen. (1996) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  154. Dominica, by Patricia Paccassi. (1995)
  155. Dreyfus-Barney, Hippolyte and Laura Clifford, by Shapour Rassekh. (1996) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  156. Dunn, Clara and Hyde, by Graham Hassall. (2000-01) Biography of two early Bahá'í teachers and pioneers.
  157. Dunn, Clara and John Henry Hyde, by Graham Hassall. (2009) On the couple who went to Australia in 1920 in response to ‘Abdu’l-Bahá’s call for worldwide expansion of the Bahá’í Faith and firmly established it in the Antipodes, designated Hands of the Cause of God by Shoghi Effendi.
  158. Early Western Accounts of the Babi and Bahá'í Faiths, by Moojan Momen. (1995)
  159. East Africa, Bahá'í Communities in, by Will C. van den Hoonaard. (1996) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  160. East Leeward Islands, by Patricia Paccassi. (1995)
  161. Edward Granville Browne, by Christopher Buck. (2014) Bio of E.G. Browne, with focus on his books and translations.
  162. Encyclopaedia Iranica: Selected articles related to Persian culture, religion, philosophy and history, by Encyclopaedia Iranica. Arjen Bolhuis, comp. (1982-2023) Sorted, categorized collection of links to over 170 articles.
  163. Encyclopaedia of Islam: Bahá'í Selections, by Various. (1986-2004) 40 articles about, mentioning, or relevant to the Bábí or Bahá'í Faiths.
  164. Encyclopedia of Islam and The Muslim World, by William F. McCants, John Walbridge, Frank Lewis, et al.. Richard C. Martin, ed. (2004) Articles on Abdu'l-Bahá, the Báb, Bahá'u'lláh, the Bábí and Bahá'í Faiths, Hujjatiya, Persian language and literature, Shaykhism, and Twelver Shi'ism.
  165. Eschatology in the Bábí and Bahá'í Faiths, by Stephen Lambden. (1998) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  166. Esslemont, John Ebenezer, by Moojan Momen. (1995) Short biography of a famous Bahá'í author and Hand of the Cause of God.
  167. Etemad-al-Dawla, Aqa Khan Nuri, by Abbas Amanat. (1998/2020) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  168. Exegesis (tafsír), by Todd Lawson. (1999) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  169. Fádl Mázandarání, Mírzá Asadu'lláh, by Moojan Momen. (1999) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  170. Faith and Belief, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  171. Family Life, by Will C. van den Hoonaard, Deborah K. van den Hoonaard. (1995) Writings of Bahá'u'lláh, `Abdu'l-Bahá, and the Institutions, with commentary reviewing views on family life.
  172. Fast, Bahá'í (March 2, by Christopher Buck. (2011-09)
  173. Fasting, by John Walbridge. (1996)
  174. Fasting among Zoroastrians, Manicheans, and Bahá'ís, by Jamsheed K. Choksy. (1999) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  175. Fayzí, Abu'l-Qásim (Hand of the Cause), by Moojan Momen. (1999) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  176. Feast, Nineteen-Day, by Christopher Buck. (2011-09)
  177. Feminist Movements in the Late Qajar Period, by Janet Afary, et al.. (1999/2020) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  178. Festivals, Bahá'í, by Moojan Momen. (1999) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  179. Forutan, Alí-Akbar, by Iraj Ayman. (2012) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  180. Gail, Marzieh, by Wendy M. Heller. (2016) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  181. Glossary and Index of Terms, Author unknown, comp. (2004) Comprehensive glossary of Islam. (Extracted from the final volume, #13. Encyclopedia index not included.)
  182. Gobineau, Joseph Arthur de, by Calmard Jean. (2003) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  183. Greatest Name, The (al-Ism al-A`zam), by Stephen Lambden. (1995)
  184. Greenleaf, Charles, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  185. Gregory, Louis George, by Gayle Morrison. (2009) On the African American lawyer who became a leading Bahá’í speaker, writer, administrator, and proponent of race unity and equality, member of the national governing body of the Bahá’ís of the United States and Canada, and Hand of the Cause.
  186. Grenada, by Patricia Paccassi. (1995)
  187. Grinévskaia, Izabélla Arkád'evna, by A. Gracheva. Marina Ledkovsky, ed. (1994) Short bio of a poet and playwright who wrote a social drama Bab ed-Din (1903), dedicated to the life and teachings of The Bab — a play she considered "her most significant dramatic work" — and its sequel Bekha-Ulla (1912).
  188. Guadeloupe, by Daniel Caillaud. (1995)
  189. Gulpáygání, Mirza Abu'l-Fadl, by Moojan Momen. (1995)
  190. Haifa, by Hossein Amanat. (2003) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  191. Haji Mubarak, by Anthony Lee. (2011)
  192. Halabi, Shaikh Maḥmud Khorásání, founder of Hojjatiya, by Mahmoud Sadri. (2003) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  193. Hands of the Cause (Ayádí Amr Alláh), by Eunice Braun. (2009) On the institution, established by Bahá’u’lláh, of individuals named by Bahá’u’lláh, ‘Abdu’l-Bahá, and Shoghi Effendi, charged with protecting and propagating the Bahá’í Faith; one of the two parallel lines of responsibility in Bahá’í administration.
  194. Hands of the Cause (Ayádí Amr Alláh), by Denis MacEoin. (1987) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  195. Harlem Renaissance, by Christopher Buck. (2013)
  196. Haydar Alí Isfahání, by Moojan Momen. (2004) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  197. Hayden, Robert, by Christopher Buck, Derik Smith. (2019) In his poetics of history and his nuanced representations of black life, Hayden's art showed that the African American experience was quintessentially American, and that blackness was an essential aspect of heterogeneous America.
  198. Haziratu'l-Quds, by Moojan Momen. (1995)
  199. Heaven, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  200. Hidden Words (Kalemát-i-Maknuna), by Moojan Momen. (2011) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  201. Historiography: Qajar Period and Bábí and Bahá'í works, by Abbas Amanat. (2004) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  202. Hoar, William, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  203. Hojjatieh (Hujjatiya), by Mahmoud Sadri. (2004) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  204. Holley, Horace Hotchkiss, by R. Jackson Armstrong-Ingram. (1995) Biography of a Hand of the Cause of God.
  205. House of Justice (Baytu'l-'Adl), by Moojan Momen. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  206. Ibn Abhar, Hand of the Cause, by Stephen Lambden. (1996) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  207. Ibn Asdaq, missionary and martyr, by Stephen Lambden. (1996) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  208. Introduction to the Bahá'í Tradition, by Author unknown. (1997/2009) Brief overview of The Bab and Bahá'u'lláh; worldwide expansion; affirming oneness; feast and fireside; human equality; and becoming a Bahá'í.
  209. Iran: History of the Bahá'í Faith, by Moojan Momen. (1994)
  210. Iran, Bahá'í Community of, by Vahid Rafati. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  211. Iran: Province of Ádharbáyján, by Moojan Momen. (1994)
  212. Iran: Province of Fárs, by Moojan Momen. (1994)
  213. Iran: Province of Gílán, by Moojan Momen. (1994) History of the Bahá'í Faith in the Iranian province of Gilan.
  214. Iran: Province of Isfahan, by Moojan Momen. (1994)
  215. Iran: Province of Káshán and Central Provinces (Sultánábád, Mahallát, and Gulpáygán), by Moojan Momen. (1994)
  216. Iran: Province of Khamsih (Zanján), by Moojan Momen. (1994)
  217. Iran: Province of Khurásán, by Moojan Momen. (1994)
  218. Iran: Province of Khúzistán, by Moojan Momen. (1994)
  219. Iran: Province of Qazvín, by Moojan Momen. (1994)
  220. Iran: Province of Tehran (including Qumm, Simnán, and Dámghán), by Moojan Momen. (1994)
  221. Iran: Province of Yazd, by Moojan Momen. (1994)
  222. Iran: Provinces of Kirmán and Sístán, by Moojan Momen. (1994)
  223. Iran: Provinces of Kirmánsháh, Hamadán, Kurdistán, and Luristán, by Moojan Momen. (1994)
  224. Iran: Provinces of Mázandarán and Gurgán, by Moojan Momen. (1994)
  225. Ishráq Khávarí, by Vahid Rafati. (1998) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  226. Italy: History of the Bahá'í Faith, by Julio Savi. (1992)
  227. Judeo-Persian Communities of Iran in the Qajar Period: Conversion to the Bahá'í Faith, by Mehrdad Amanat. (2009) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  228. Kashan: Religious Communities: Bahá'í Community, by Mehrdad Amanat. (2012)
  229. Kasravi, Ahmad, by Ali Reza Manafzadeh, et al.. (2012/2020) Five brief excerpts that reference the Bahá'í Faith, with link to article offsite.
  230. Kázem Rashtí, by Armin Eschraghi. (2013) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  231. Kitab-i Aqdas, the Most Holy Book, by John Walbridge. (1999)
  232. Kitáb-i-Aqdas, by Alessandro Bausani. (1987) Very brief article, short enough to qualify as "fair use."
  233. Kitab-i-Iqan: An Introduction to Bahá'u'lláh's Book of Certitude with Two Digital Reprints of Early Lithographs, by Christopher Buck. (1998) The significance, context, style, exegical devices, background, contents, manuscripts, and printing history of the Kitab-i Iqan.
  234. Kitáb-i-Íqán, by Sholeh A. Quinn, Stephen Lambden. (2010) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  235. Knobloch, Fanny, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  236. Lawh (Tablet), by Moojan Momen, Todd Lawson. (2005) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  237. Les Bahaïs du Caucase: b.a.-ba d'une communauté méconnue, by Azer Jafarov, Bayram Balci. (2007) Chapter on "the Bahá'ís of the Caucasus, the basics [lit. the ABCs] of an unknown community."
  238. Les Tablettes de Bahá'u'lláh révélées après le Kitáb-i-Aqdas, by Udo Schaefer. (1992)
  239. Letters of the Living (Hurúf al-Hayy), by Muhammad Afnan, Todd Lawson, Peter Smith, et al.. (2009) Title given by the Báb to His first eighteen disciples.
  240. Locke, Alain, by Christopher Buck. (2010)
  241. Macnutt, Howard, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  242. Martinique, by Patricia Paccassi. (1995)
  243. Martyrdom, by Todd Lawson. (2008?) Overview of the history of and sacred texts about martyrdom in Islam, with a passing mention of the Bahá'í Faith.
  244. Martyrs, Bábí, by Peter Smith, Moojan Momen. (2005) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  245. Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, by Julie Badiee. (2009) On the "Dawning Place of the Praise of God," a term used to refer to a Bahá’í House of Worship and its surrounding dependencies.
  246. Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, by Moojan Momen. (2010) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  247. Mazhar [Manifestation], by Denis MacEoin. (1960-2004) Definition of a type of theophany in which the divinity or its attributes are made visible in human form.
  248. Mazhar-i Ilahi (Manifestation of God), by Moojan Momen. (2016) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  249. Medhat Pasha, by Necati Alkan. (2012) Bio of the 19th century Ottoman statesman, who served both as governor and grand vizier. Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  250. Mentions of the Bábí and Bahá'í Faiths in Encyclopedia Iranica: Sixty Excerpts, by Hamid Algar, Moojan Momen, Denis MacEoin, et al.. (1985-2013) Excerpts of 60 articles in the Encyclopedia, with links to the offsite originals, which contain a reference to the Faith. These items are not long enough to warrant a separate entry in this Library, yet are included here for ease of discovery.
  251. Mihdí, Mírzá, by Shahriar Razavi. (2009) On the son of Bahá’u’lláh, who entitled him "the Purest Branch," younger brother of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá and Bahíyyih Khánum.
  252. Miracles, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  253. Mírzá Abu'l-Fadl Gulpáyegání, by Moojan Momen. (1985) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  254. Moody, Susan, by R. Jackson Armstrong-Ingram. (1998)
  255. Muhammad-Taqi Wakil al-Dawla Shirazi, by Soli Shahvar. (2016) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  256. Mulla Husayn Bushrui, by Moojan Momen, Todd Lawson. (2011)
  257. Mulla Sadiq-i-Khurasani (Muqaddas), by Vahid Rafati. (2016) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  258. Mulla `Abdu'l-Karim Qazvini (Mirza Ahmad Katib), by John Walbridge. (1997)
  259. Nabil al-Dawla: Iranian diplomat and translator of Bahá'í scriptures, by Guity Etemad. (2012) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  260. Nabil-i A'zam (Mulla Muhammad Zarandi), by Vahid Rafati. (2016) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  261. Nabil-i Akbar, by Minou Foadi. (2005) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  262. Naw-Rúz, Festival of (March 21), by Christopher Buck. (2011-09)
  263. Naw-Rúz: The Bahá'í New Year, by John Walbridge. (1996) History of the observance of Naw Ruz, the Iranian New Year, in Persian culture and the Bahá'í Faith.
  264. Nazif, Suleyman, by Necati Alkan. (2021) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  265. Netherlands: History of the Baha'i Faith, by Will C. van den Hoonaard. (1993-11)
  266. New York, History of the Bahá'í Faith In, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  267. Nicolas, Alphonse (A.-L-.M. Nicolas), by Nader Nasiri-Moghaddam. (2021) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  268. Nineteen Day Feast, by John Walbridge. (1996)
  269. Nineteen Day Feast, by Moojan Momen. (2014) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  270. Nuqtat al-Káf, by Kavian Sadeghzade Milani. (2008) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  271. Persia, by Author unknown. (1866) Short summary of the Bábí Faith and Qurratu'l-Ayn, on last page of an entry about Persia.
  272. Prayer and Worship, by John Walbridge. (1996) An overview of devotional practices and prayers in Babism and the Bahá'í Faith.
  273. Prejudice and Discrimination, by Will C. van den Hoonaard. (1993-11) Prejudice is cultural. History shows no society is immune. U.S. Bahá'ís facilitated Racial Amity groups in the 20s and 30s, and found ignorance plus apathy are key factors in prejudice. Reducing it requires a universal commitment to the unity of humanity.
  274. Progressive Revelation, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  275. Public Schools May "Teach About Religion" — Not "Teach Religion", by Christopher Buck. (2012) History of legislation regarding how and when religious texts might be studied in public schools, and comments on pedagogical approaches.
  276. Qá'ení, Shaikh Mohammad-ʿAli, by Minou Foadi. (2005) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  277. Quddus, by Nosratollah Mohammad-Hosseini. (2009) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  278. Race Unity Day, by Christopher Buck. (2011-09)
  279. Ransom-Kehler, Keith, by Loni Bramson. (2011)
  280. Ransom-Kehler, Keith Bean, by Janet Ruhe-Schoen. (2009) On the American Bahá’í lecturer and world traveler, designated by Shoghi Effendi as the first American Bahá’í martyr, and a Hand of the Cause of God, the first woman to be so named.
  281. Registry of Early Canadian Believers, by Will C. van den Hoonaard. (1987-03) A report on the recent progress in developing the Registry of Early Canadian Believers, 1893-1944, an adjunct project of A Short Encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith.
  282. Religions Share Enduring Values, by Christopher Buck. (2011) Do all religions ultimately endorse the same spiritual values? Includes discussion of the "Golden Rule" and interfaith alliances.
  283. Religious Background of the 1979 Revolution in Iran, by Moojan Momen. (1995)
  284. Religious Pluralism, by Seena Fazel. (1995)
  285. Remey, Charles Mason, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  286. Resurgence of Apocalyptic in Modern Islam, by Abbas Amanat. (2000) Shi'i Mahdism, beliefs on the end of time, and overview of the rise of the Bábí Faith.
  287. Ridvan, by John Walbridge. (1995) Two versions of a short article about the 12-day Bahá'í festival.
  288. Ridván, Festival of, by Christopher Buck. (2010/2012)
  289. Ridván, Festival of, by Christopher Buck. (2011-09)
  290. Robert Hayden, by Christopher Buck. (2004-01-29) The first African American poet-laureate of the United States (as Library of Congress "Consultant in Poetry").
  291. Rogers, Otto Donald, by Norman Zepp. (1997-09-06)
  292. Root, Martha Louise, by Loni Bramson. (2011)
  293. Ruh al-Quddus, by Moojan Momen, Todd Lawson. (2011)
  294. Ruhiyyih Khanum, by Loni Bramson. (2011)
  295. Russia, by Moojan Momen. (1995) Overview of the development of the Bahá'í community in Russia.
  296. Sabet, Habib, by Moojan Momen. (2015) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  297. Salvation, by Jack McLean. (1993)
  298. Sayyid Kazim Rashti, by Moojan Momen. (2011)
  299. Schopflocher, Siegfried, by Will C. van den Hoonaard. (1993-06) Short biography of a prominent Baha''i from a German-Jewish background who served as a Hand of the Cause of God.
  300. Schopflocher, Siegfried, by Will C. van den Hoonaard. (2009) On the Canadian Bahá’í of German-Jewish background named by Shoghi Effendi a Hand of the Cause of God in 1952.
  301. Science and Religion Are Complementary, by Christopher Buck. (2013)
  302. Scripture, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  303. Secret of Divine Civilization (Risaliy-i-Madiniyyih), by Sen McGlinn. (2009) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  304. Sheikh Ahmad al-Ahsai, by Moojan Momen. (2011)
  305. Shi`i Islam, by Moojan Momen. (1995) Overview of Shi'a Islam, including a section on its relations to the Bahá'í Faith.
  306. Shoghi Effendi, by Moojan Momen. (2011) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  307. Shoghi Effendi and Social Justice, by Jack McLean. (2007-03) The term "social justice” has been used by many engaged groups as a rhetorical tool to obtain more equitable transformations of the social order. To the Guardian and the later Bahá'í Administration, it is a Divine justice at heart.
  308. Sobhi, Fazlollah Mohtadi, by Moojan Momen. (2015) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  309. Spiritual Assembly (Mahfel-i-Ruháni), by Moojan Momen. (2011) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  310. St. Lucia, by John E. Kolstoe. (1991-03)
  311. Tablet of the Temple (Suratu'l-Haykal), by John Walbridge. (1999)
  312. Tablet of Wisdom (Lawh-i-hikmat), by Juan Cole. (1995)
  313. Tablet to Fuad (Lawh-i-Fuad): Translator's introduction, and bio from Encyclopedia Britannica, by Juan Cole. (1997)
  314. Tablets to the Rulers (Surat al-Muluk), by Juan Cole. (1995)
  315. Tahirih Qurratul-ayn, by Moojan Momen, Todd Lawson. (2011)
  316. Tehran, Iran, by Moojan Momen. (2009) On the capital city of Iran and birthplace of Bahá’u’lláh, called by Him the "Land of Tá" (Ard-i-Tá), site of numerous important events in Bahá’í history.
  317. Temples, Bahá'í, by Christopher Buck. (2011)
  318. Temples, Bahá'í, by Christopher Buck. (2010)
  319. Temples, Bahá'í, by Vahid Rafati, Fariborz Sahba. (1989) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  320. The Báb; Husayn Bushru'i; Ruh al-Quddus; Tahirih, by Moojan Momen, Todd Lawson. (2004)
  321. Toumansky, Aleksandr Grigorevich, by Jahangir Dorri. (2009) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  322. Transliteration, by Moojan Momen. (1991)
  323. True, Corinne, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  324. Turkmenistan, by Moojan Momen. (1995) History of the Bahá'í Faith in Turkmenistan.
  325. United Kingdom: History of the Bahá'í Faith, by Moojan Momen. (1998) A short history of the Bahá'í community of the United Kingdom.
  326. United States of America: History of the Bahá'í Faith, by Robert Stockman. (1995) History of the Bahá'í community of the United States.
  327. Vahíd (Sayyed Yahyá Dárábí), by Moojan Momen. (1996) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  328. Varqá, Ali-Mohammad, by Iraj Ayman. (2017) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  329. Varqá, Wali-Alláh, by Iraj Ayman. (2017) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  330. Virgin Islands, U.S. and British, by Patricia Paccassi. (1995)
  331. Women in the works of the Bab and in the Babi Movement, by Moojan Momen. (2011) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
  332. World Religion Day, by Christopher Buck. (2010)
  333. World Religion Day (January), by Christopher Buck. (2011-09)
  334. Worship, by Robert Stockman. (1995)
  335. Yahyá, Mírzá, by Moojan Momen. (2009) On the younger half-brother of Bahá’u’lláh, later his opponent, known as Subh-i-Azal, described by Shoghi Effendi as "the arch-breaker of the Covenant of the Báb."
  336. Zaynab, by John Walbridge. Reina Pennington, ed. (2003) Brief biography of a female Bábí fighter.
  337. Zuhur al-Haqq, by Moojan Momen. (2002) Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite.
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