World
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date | event | tags | firsts |
1960 (In the decade)
196- |
A number of Bahá'í primary schools were opened in Bolivia. | - Bahá'í inspired schools; Bolivia | |
1960 s, early
196- |
The first woman Somali to become a Bahá'í, Fatumeh Jama, enrolled. | Fatumeh Jama; Somalia | first Bahá’í woman Somalia |
1960 s, early
196- |
Two Bahá'í primary schools were opened in Uganda. | - Bahá'í inspired schools; Uganda | |
1960 (In the year)
196- |
The first Côte d'Ivorian to become a Bahá'í, Mr Un Bodo, a Bété from the region of Gagnoa working as a policeman in Abidjan, enrolled. | - First Bahá'ís by country or area; Ivory Coast | first Côte d’Ivorian a Bahá’í |
1960 (In the year)
196- |
The first Maya-Quiche to become a Bahá'í in Guatemala, Filomena Cajas de Velasquez, a tourist guide, enrolled.
|
Filomena Cajas de Velasquez; Guatemala | first Maya-Quiche Bahá’í; first Guatemalan woman on NSA |
1960 (In the year)
196- |
Bahá'ís in Angola were detained and questioned by officials.
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Deaths; Angola; Persecution, Angola | |
1960 (In the year)
196- |
The first local spiritual assembly in the Cocos Islands was formed on West Island.
|
Local Spiritual Assembly; West Island, Australia | first Local Spiritual Assembly on Cocos Islands |
1960 Jan
196- |
Frédéric Hodonou (b. January 9, 1929, Ouidah, Benin. d. January 10, 2016 in Ouidah, Benin) was introduced to the Faith by Madame Geneviève Lai, a French artist and her Vietnamese husband in Cotonou. [Bahá'í Chronicles] | Benin; Cotonou, Benin; Frederic Hodonou | first Baha'i of Benin |
1960 Feb
196- |
The National Promulgation Committee consisted of Fred Graham, Douglas Martin, Donald Dainty with Jeanie Seddon as secretary. [CBC No 121 February 1960 p2]
|
Promulgation Campaign | |
1960 Ridván c.
196- |
Hand of the Cause Charles Mason Remey claimed he was the second, 'hereditary' Guardian of the Bahá'í Faith. [BW13:397; BW16:90; SS49]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Guardianship; Haifa, Israel; Joel Marangella | |
1960 Ridván
196- |
The Custodians announced that the Bahá'í Faith was represented in over 256 territories and was established in over 5,800 localities; there were 31 national spiritual assemblies and nearly 1,500 local spiritual assemblies; and Bahá'í literature is in 268 languages. [Mc183–96] | - Worldwide; Custodians; Growth; Statistics; Ten Year Crusade (1953-1963) | |
1960 27 Apr
196- |
The International Bahá'í Council by unanimous vote rejected the claim of Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [MC206–7] | Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Guardianship; Haifa, Israel; International Bahá'í Council | |
1960 28 Apr
196- |
The Custodians called upon all believers to join the Hands in repudiation of the claims of Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [MC196–7] | Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Custodians; Guardianship; Haifa, Israel | |
1960 30 Apr
196- |
The unveiling of Statue of a Liberated Woman by sculptor Fuad Abdurahmanov (b. 28 April, 1915 in Shaki, d. 15 June, 1971 Baku) The statue stands in central Baku and depicts a woman casting off her veil. It is said to have been influenced by the story of Tahirih. [BWNS1150]
|
Azerbaijan; Bahá'í World News Service (BWNS); Bandar Anzali, Iran; Fuad Abdurahmanov; Statue of a Liberated Woman; Tahirih Qurratu'l-'Ayn; Veils | |
1960 30 Apr – 10 May
196- |
Twenty–four national spiritual assemblies and five national conventions sent messages of support to the Custodians, repudiating the claim made by Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [MC199–202]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Custodians; France; Guardianship; Haifa, Israel; National Spiritual Assembly | |
1960 May
196- |
The National Library Placement Committee offered to place one or two books in local libraries on behalf of any Assembly or group upon request. They could choose one or two titles from among the following three: The Promise of All Ages, Christ and Bahá'u'lláh, or Portals to Freedom and the committee would send the books directly to the library. [CBN No 124 May 1960 p4]
|
National Library Placement Committee | |
1960 5 May
196- |
Hand of the Cause Abu'l-Qásim Faizí was sent by the Custodians to France to meet with the National Spiritual Assembly and Bahá'ís of France. He was accompanied by Auxiliary Board Member Dr Aziz Navidi. [MC197]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; - Hands of the Cause; Abu'l-Qasim Faizi; Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; France; Guardianship; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Joel Marangella; National Spiritual Assembly | |
1960 12 – 31 May
196- |
Six national spiritual assemblies sent messages of support to the Custodians, repudiating the claim made by Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [MC207–8] | Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Guardianship; National Spiritual Assembly | |
1960 13 May
196- |
The International Bahá'í Council wrote to the Custodians recording its decision taken on 27 April to reject the claims of Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [Mc206–7] | Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Custodians; Guardianship; Haifa, Israel; International Bahá'í Council | |
1960 17 – 18 May
196- |
The Bahá'í International Community attended a meeting called by the United Nations Office of Public Information to discuss problems of cooperation 'with the United Nations family insofar as its programme affects the new nations'. The Bahá'í statement regarding this became part of the conference record. [BW13:792]
|
- BIC statements; Bahá'í International Community; United Nations | |
1960 31 May
196- |
In a letter addressed to all National Assemblies in the Western Hemisphere and to the Auxiliary Boards, the Hands of the Faith Corrine True, Hermann Grossmann, and William Sears provided an update on the activities of Charles Mason Remey. Some salient points were:
|
Charles Mason Remey; Corinne True; Covenant-breaking; Custodians; Guardianship; Hermann Grossmann; William Sears | |
1960 1 Jul
196- |
Ben and Louise Whitecow (early Peigan believers) married in Calgary, Alberta, were the first Bahá'ís in Canada to have a legally recognized Bahá'í marriage. [BW13:687] | Alberta, Canada; Calgary, AB; Canada; Firsts, other; Marriage; Recognition (legal); Weddings | first Bahá’ís in Canada to have legally recognized Bahá’í marriage |
1960 12 Jul
196- |
Horace Hotchkiss Holley, Hand of the Cause of God, passed away in Haifa. (b. 7 April, 1887 in Torrington, CT) [MC226-227, BW13:849-858]
|
* Arts and crafts; - Biography; - Births and deaths; - Drama; - Hands of the Cause; - In Memoriam; - Plays; Bahá'í Scriptures (book); Connecticut, USA; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Hands of the Cause, First Contingent; Horace Holley; Torrington, CT; United States (USA) | |
1960 26 Jul
196- |
The Hands of the Cause of God declared Charles Mason Remey a Covenant-breaker. [BBRSM221; MC224–5] | - Hands of the Cause; Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities | |
1960 Aug
196- |
All Bahá'í activity in Egypt was prohibited by Presidential Decree No 263 issued by President Nasser of the United Arab Republic (Egypt and Syria). |
- Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; Egypt; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Persecution, Egypt | |
1960 3 Aug
196- |
Cable from the Hands of the Cause of God announcing the expulsion as Covenant Breakers of John Carre, Barnard Fillon, Moneer Darakhshan, Joel Marangella, Jaques Soghomonian, Donald Harvey, John Byers and Mary Wilkin. [MoC223] | - Bahá'í World Centre; Barnard Fillon; Covenant-breaking; Custodians; Donald Harvey; Jaques Soghomonian; Joel Marangella; Joel Marangella; John Byers; John Carre; Mary Wilkin; Moneer Darakhshan | |
1960 20 Aug
196- |
The presentation of the doctoral dissertation of Allan Luctus Ward entitled An Historical Study of the North American Speaking Tour of 'Abdu'l-Bahá and a Rhetorical Analysis of His Addresses | `Abdu'l-Bahá, Travels of; Allan Ward; Ann Arbor, MI; Michigan, USA; Rhetoric; United States (USA) | |
1960 18 – 27 Oct
196- |
The fourth Conclave of the Hands of the Cause of God was convened at Bahjí. [MoC177-245] | - Bahá'í World Centre; - Hands of the Cause; Bahji, Israel; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Hands of the Cause, Conclaves | |
1960 2 Nov
196- |
The Hands of the Cause issued a message from their fourth Conclave. [MoC237–44]
|
- Hands of the Cause; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Hands of the Cause, Conclaves | |
1960 13 Nov
196- |
The Hands of the Cause in the Holy Land sent ballots to all National and Regional Assemblies containing a ballot kit for each member. The secretaries were to collect the ballots and mail them to the World Centre for arrival before the 21st of April. Once received they sent a message of acknowledgment. [MoC245, 282] | - Bahá'í World Centre; International Bahá'í Council | |
1960 18 Nov
196- |
Clara Dunn, Hand of the Cause of God, passed away in Sydney. (b.12 May 1869) [BW13:859; MoC245]
|
- Biography; - Births and deaths; - Hands of the Cause; - In Memoriam; Australia; Clara Dunn; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Hands of the Cause, Second Contingent; Sydney, Australia | |
1960 20 Nov
196- |
The cornerstone of the fifth House of Worship was laid in Langenhain, Germany, by Hand of the Cause of God Amelia Collins. [BW13:739; MC238, 245, 249–50]
|
- Europe; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Amelia Collins; Foundation stones and groundbreaking; Frankfurt, Germany; Germany; Langenhain, Germany; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Langenhain | |
1960 Dec
196- |
Mr Yan Kee Leong of Malaysia took the Bahá'í Faith to the remote Iban people of Brunei. | Brunei; Yan Kee Leong | first teacher Iban people |
1960 Dec
196- |
Philip Suning, the first member of the Iban tribe to become a Bahá'í, enrolled. | - First believers by background; Brunei | first Bahá’í Iban tribe |
1960 Late
196- |
Eric Moyce and Gay Corker, both youth and the first two local people to become Bahá'ís in St Helena, enrolled. | Eric Moyce; Gay Corker; St. Helena | first local Bahá’ís in St Helena |
1961 (In the year)
196- |
The first local assembly was formed on Terceira Island in the Azores at Ridván in 1958. The Faith continued to grow slowly but steadily. By 1961 the local religious authorities grew concerned. The International Police summoned Mr. Nolen, the Knight of Bahá'u'lláh for the Azores, and advised him that he must discontinue teaching the Faith or leave the islands. Despite these obstacles the Spiritual Assembly continued to meet and study classes were held in Bahá'í homes. [BW15p317-318] | Azores; Persecution, Portugal; Portugal | |
1961 (In the year)
196- |
Knud Jensen (of mixed Danish, St Thomanian parentage), the first local person to become a Bahá'í in the Virgin Islands, enrolled. | - First Bahá'ís by country or area; United States (USA); Virgin Islands, US | first Bahá’í in Virgin Islands |
1961 (In the year)
196- |
The military government in Indonesia issued instructions to local authorities to ban all Bahá'í activities and to confiscate all Bahá'í property. [MoC329] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Indonesia; Persecution, Indonesia | |
1961 Jan - Feb
196- |
Hand of the Cause of God Dr Rahmatu'lláh Muhájir traveled to India and demonstrated the principle of mass teaching. [DM172–84; SBBH2:165–7]
|
- Hands of the Cause; Growth; Hands of the Cause, Activities; India; LSA; Madhya Pradesh, India; Mass conversion; Mass teaching; Rahmatullah Muhajir; Statistics; Teaching | |
1961 14 Jan
196- |
The House of Worship in Kampala, the Mother Temple of Africa, was dedicated by Hand of the Cause Rúhíyyih Khánum in a service for Bahá'ís only. [BW13:713–14; CG45]
|
- Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Kampala, Uganda; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Kampala; Uganda | |
1961 15 Jan
196- |
The House of Worship in Kampala, the Mother Temple of Africa, is officially opened by Hand of the Cause Rúhíyyih Khánum in a public service attended by 1,500 people. [BW13:715–18; MoC15]
Specifics
Foundation Stone: 26 Jan 1958 (Beneath the stone is a silver box containing the sacred earth from the Shrine of Bahá'u'lláh and a wooden box containing a piece of the plaster from the Prison Fortress of Máh-Kú where the Báb had been incarcerated.) Construction Period: Land purchased: 20 April 1954, January 1958 – 14 January 1961 Site Dedication: 14 January 1961 (Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum brought a gift from the Guardian- a carpet from the Shrine of Bahá'u'lláh was hung on the inside of the door facing the Qiblih.) Architect: Charles Mason Remey Seating:Over 400 (800 for Dedication ceremony) Dimensions: Dome at its base-44ft. Diameter of inner floor-84ft. Circumference: 265ft yielding 5,550 sq ft of floor space. Height of the building-124ft. Cost: $ ? (initial budget was 42,00 Pounds Sterling) Dependencies: References: BW13p704-719, CEBF241, CG45 |
- Architects; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Mother Temples; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Quick facts; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Bahá'u'lláh, Shrine of (Bahjí); Boxes containing dust, earth or plaster; Dedications; Gifts; Kampala, Uganda; Mah-Ku, Iran; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Continental; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Kampala; Mason Remey; Uganda | |
1961 17 Jan
196- |
Following the arrest of Bahá'ís in Turkey in March 1959 and the subsequent court case, the Turkish court received the findings of three outstanding religious scholars that the Bahá'í Faith was an independent religion. [MoC308]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution, Court cases; Court cases; Human rights; Persecution, Turkey; Turkey | |
1961 21 – 25 Feb
196- |
The first Indian congress of Bolivia was held in Oruro, with Indians participating. [BW13:268] | - Conferences; - Indigenous people; Bolivia; Oruro, Bolivia | first Indian congress of Bolivia |
1961 3 Apr
196- |
Corinne Knight True, Hand of the Cause of God, (b. 1 November 1861 Louisville, KY d. Chicago, IL 3 April 1961). She was buried in Oak Woods Cemetery in Chicago. [BW13:846]
|
- Births and deaths; - Hands of the Cause; - In Memoriam; Chicago, IL; Corinne True; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Hands of the Cause, Second Contingent; Louisville, KY; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Wilmette; United States (USA) | |
1961 14 Apr
196- |
The knowledge of the arrest of the 14 believers was received but the Custodians at the World Centre via the publication of an article in the newspaper Le Courier du Maroc. They were in communications with the 44 National Assemblies at the time and asked them to bring pressure on the Moroccan authorities and to pray for the protection and release of the prisoners. The Custodians took the position that no attack should be made on the central authorities but rather the blame should rest on a small, fanatical, prejudiced and misinformed group of local leaders who did not seem to be under the control of the central authority in Rabat.
The Bahá'í International Community made representation at the United Nations. [MoC17-18] |
- Persecution; Court cases; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The International Bahá'í Council was elected by postal ballot of the members of the national spiritual assemblies. It was to serve a two-year term of office. [BW13:397; MoC282]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Alí Nakhjavání; Charles Wolcott; Ethel Revell; Firsts, other; H. Borrah Kavelin; Haifa, Israel; Ian Semple; International Bahá'í Council; Jessie Revell; Lutfullah Hakim; Mildred Mottahedeh; Sylvia Ioas; Universal House of Justice | first election IBC by postal ballot |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Argentina was formed. [BW13:258] | Argentina; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Argentina |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Bolivia was formed. [BW13:258] | Bolivia; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Bolivia |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Chile was formed. [BW13:258]
|
Chile; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Chile |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Colombia was formed. [BW13:258] | Colombia; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Colombia |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Costa Rica was formed. [BW13:258]
|
Costa Rica; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Costa Rica |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Cuba was formed. Since 1957 they had come under the jurisdiction of the Regional Spiritual Assembly of the Greater Antilles. [BW13:258] | Cuba; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Cuba |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Dominican Republic was formed. Since 1957 they had come under the jurisdiction of the Regional Spiritual Assembly of the Greater Antilles. [BW13:258] | Dominican Republic; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Dominican Republic |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Ecuador was formed. [BW13:258] | Ecuador; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Ecuador |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Guatemala was formed. Prior they had been part of Regional Spiritual Assembly of Mexico and the Republics of Central America. [BW13:258]
|
Guatemala; Honduras; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Guatemala |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of El Salvador was formed. [BW13:258]
|
El Salvador; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA El Salvador |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Haiti was formed. Previously it had been part of the Regional Spiritual Assembly of the Greater Antilles. [BW13:258] | Haiti; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Haiti |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Honduras was formed. [BW13:258; National website; Bahaipedia Honduras; BN No364 July 1961 p3]
|
Conflict; Honduras; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Honduras |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Jamaica was formed. Since 1957 they had come under the jurisdiction of the Regional Spiritual Assembly of the Greater Antilles. [BW13:258]
|
Jamaica; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Jamaica |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Mexico was formed. Those elected were: Mrs. Florence Mayberry, Samuel Burafato, Dr. Edris Rice-Wray, Sra. Carmen de Burafato, Mrs. Chappie Angulo, Earl Morris, Mrs. Anna Howard, Mrs. Valeria Nichols, and Harold Murray. [BW13:258]
|
Mexico; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Mexico |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Nicaragua was formed. [BW13:258] | National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Nicaragua | first NSA Nicaragua |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Panama was formed. [BW13:258] | National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Panama | first NSA Panama |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Paraguay was formed. [BW13:258] | National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Paraguay | first NSA Paraguay |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Peru was formed. [BW13:258] | National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Peru | first NSA Peru |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Venezuela was formed. [BW13:258] | National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Venezuela | first NSA Venezuela |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Uruguay was formed. [BW13:258]
|
National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Uruguay | first NSA Uruguay |
1961 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Brazil was formed. [BW13:258] | Brazil; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Brazil |
1961 Ridán
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of North East Africa had been led by the former National Spiritual Assembly of Egypt and Sudan since 1956. In 1960 difficulties in Egypt made it impossible to administer territories outside of the country so a regional administrative committee was formed and this, in turn, was replaced with the new (regional) National Spiritual Assembly of Ethiopia with its headquarters in Addis Abba. [BW13p287] | Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Ethiopia; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | |
1961 1 May
196- |
Kanichi (Moto) Yamamoto, the first Japanese Bahá'í, passed away in Berkeley, California. [SBR185]
|
- Biography; Berkeley, CA; California, USA; Kanichi Yamamoto; United States (USA) | first Japanese Bahá’í |
1961 23 Jun
196- |
Fred Murray, early Indigenous believer and member of the Minen tribe (Mirning Yirkala) to become a Bahá'í, enrolled. In 1963 he attended the World Congress in London. [BW14:369]
|
- Aboriginal people; - Indigenous people; Australia; Fred Murray; June Perkins | first full-blooded Bahá'í Aborigine member of Minen tribe |
1961 25 – 26 Jun
196- |
The newly-elected International Bahá'í Council met for the first time. [BW13:397; MoC285–6]
|
Haifa, Israel; International Bahá'í Council | |
1961 8 Jul
196- |
The Custodians announced that mass conversion had begun in Ceylon, Central and East Africa, and Bolivia, while in Canada native peoples had begun to enter the Faith. [MoC293] | - Africa; - First Nations, Canada; Bolivia; Canada; Custodians; Mass conversion; Native Americans; Sri Lanka | |
1961 8 Jul
196- |
Georges and Emma Wayenece, originally from Mare on the Loyalty Islands and the first Loyalty Islanders to become Bahá'ís, enrolled in Nouméa. [BW17:415]
|
Emma Wayenece; Georges Wayenece; Loyalty Islands; Noumea, New Caledonia | first Loyalty Islanders Bahá’í; first Melanesian woman Bahá’í of the New Caledonia and Loyalty Islands |
1961 15 Jul
196- |
The Turkish court declared the Bahá'í Faith to be a 'Tarighat', a sect forbidden by the law of the land.<
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution, Court cases; Court cases; Human rights; NSA; Persecution, Turkey; Turkey | |
1961 16 Sep
196- |
The House of Worship in Sydney, the Mother Temple of the Antipodes, was dedicated by Hand of the Cause Rúhíyyih Khánum in a service for Bahá'ís only. [BW13:729; MoC15]
See also Dedication of the Bahá'í House of Worship in Sydney, by Peter J. Khan (2001). |
- Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Australia; Dedications; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Sydney; Sydney, Australia | |
1961 17 Sep
196- |
The House of Worship in Sydney, the Mother Temple of the Antipodes, was officially opened by Hand of the Cause Rúhíyyih Khánum in two public services, each attended by 900 people. [BW13:732]
Specifics
Foundation Stone: 26 Jan 1958 (Clara Dunn and Hand of the Cause Charles Mason Remey, who had been designated by the Guardian as his representative, while attending the 2nd International Conference 21-24 March, 1958. A small bag of earth from the inner Shrine of Bahá'u'lláh and a piece of plaster from the room of the Báb in Máh-Kú was deposited under the floor.) Construction Period: 1957-1961 Site Dedication:16 September 1961 (Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum brought a gift from the Guardian- a green silk carpet from the Shrine of Bahá'u'lláh.) Architect C.M. Remey Seating: 500 Dimensions: 124ft at the base and 130ft high Cost: Original budget was 120,000 Pounds Sterling Dependencies: References: BW13:319-322, BW13p720-732 CEBF241 |
- Architects; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Mother Temples; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Quick facts; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Australia; Bahá'u'lláh, Shrine of (Bahjí); Boxes containing dust, earth or plaster; Clara Dunn; Dedications; Gifts; Mah-Ku, Iran; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Continental; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Sydney; Mason Remey; Sydney, Australia | |
1961 Oct
196- |
The first summer school to be held on Rarotonga Island took place. | - Islands; Cook Islands; First summer and winter schools; Rarotonga, Cook Islands; Summer schools | first summer school on Rarotonga Island |
1961 (Autumn/Winter)
196- |
The International Bahá'í Archives Building was opened to Bahá'í pilgrims. [BW13:429; MC20]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Arc (World Centre); Bahá'í World News Service (BWNS); Haifa, Israel; International Archives Building (Haifa); Marble; Margraf; Pilgrimage | |
1961 15 Oct – 2 Nov
196- |
The fifth Conclave of the Hands of the Cause of God was convened at Bahjí. [MoC249-329]
|
- Hands of the Cause; Akka, Israel; Bahji, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Hands of the Cause, Conclaves | |
1961 22 Oct
196- |
Mr. Sivalingam and Miss Puvaneswary were married in the first Bahá'í wedding in Malaysia. | First weddings; Malaysia; Weddings | First Bahá’í wedding in Malaysia |
1961 5 Nov
196- |
The Hands of the Cause issued a message from their fifth Conclave. [MoC313–23]
|
- Hands of the Cause; Baghdad, Iraq; Bahá'í World Congress, First (1963); Bahji, Israel; Centenaries; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Hands of the Cause, Conclaves; Iraq; London, England; Most Great Jubilee (1963); United Kingdom; Universal House of Justice; Universal House of Justice, Election of | |
1961 7 Dec
196- |
An article appeared in the nationally prominent Moroccan newspaper Al Alam lamenting the decline of Islám and attacking the Bahá'í Faith. [MoC17]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 (In the year)
196- |
Bahá'í homes in Morocco were searched by the police and Bahá'í literature seized. [MoC17] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 (In the year)
196- |
Thirty thousand new Bahá'ís enrolled in India in six months. [VV9] | India; Mass conversion | |
1962 (In the year)
196- |
The administrative institutions of the Faith were banned in Indonesia by President Sukarno. [BW19:41]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Indonesia; Persecution, Indonesia | |
1962 (In the year)
196- |
Emeric Sala, made a visit to several islands in the Indian Ocean and reported that there were some 400 Bahá'ís in Mauritius of Indian, Moslem, Chinese, Creole and French descent. [TG163] | Emeric Sala; Mauritius | |
1962 1 Jan
196- |
Amelia Collins passed away in Haifa. (b. 7 June, 1873) [BW13:399, 840; MC12]
|
- Biography; - Births and deaths; - Hands of the Cause; - In Memoriam; Abu'l-Qasim Faizi; Amelia Collins; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Hands of the Cause, First Contingent; Millie Collins | |
1962 25 Jan
196- |
A Bahá'í Professor of Fine Arts at the University of Tetuan, Morocco, Faouzi Zine Al Abidine, was dismissed from his post and warned to have no association with other Bahá'ís. [MoC17] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 Mar
196- |
Aboubacar Kâ, a school teacher and the first Senegalese known to become a Bahá'í, enrolled. | - Africa; - First Bahá'ís by country or area; Senegal | the first Senegalese Bahá’í |
1962 Apr
196- |
Virginia Breaks, Knight of Bahá'u'lláh for the Caroline Islands, moved to Saipan, the largest Island and capital of the Northern Mariana Islands, a territory of the United States. She was the first pioneer to the area.
She remained in the Caroline Islands for fifty years, serving as an Auxiliary Board member for twenty. [BW22p320] |
- Knights of Bahá'u'lláh; - Pioneers; Saipan, Mariana Islands; Virginia Breaks | first pioneer Saipan |
1962 10 Apr
196- |
Four Bahá'ís were arrested in Nador, Morocco. [BW13:289; BW14:97; BN No 384 March 1963 p1-4]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution, Other; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Denmark was formed. Since 1957 they had been part of the Regional Spiritual Assembly of Scandinavia (Norway and Sweden) plus Denmark and Finland [BW13:283]
|
Denmark; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Denmark |
1962 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Finland was formed. Since 1957 they had been part of the Regional Spiritual Assembly of Scandinavia (Norway and Sweden) plus Denmark and Finland. [BW13:283]
|
Finland; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Finland |
1962 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Luxembourg was formed. Since 1957 it had come under the jurisdiction of the Regional Spiritual Assembly of the Benelux Countries. [BW13:283]
|
Luxembourg; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Luxembourg |
1962 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of the Netherlands was formed. Since 1957 it had come under the jurisdiction of the Regional Spiritual Assembly of the Benelux Countries. [BW13:283]
|
National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Netherlands | first NSA Netherlands |
1962 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Norway was formed. Since 1957 they had been part of the Regional Spiritual Assembly of Scandinavia (Norway and Sweden) plus Denmark and Finland. [BW13:283]
|
National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Norway | first NSA Norway |
1962 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Portugal was formed. [BW13:283]
|
National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Portugal | first NSA Portugal |
1962 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Spain was formed. Since 1957 the had come under the jurisdiction of the Regional Spiritual Assembly for the Iberian Peninsula. [BW13:283]
|
National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Spain | first NSA Spain |
1962 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Sweden was formed. Since 1957 they had been part of the Regional Spiritual Assembly of Scandinavia (Norway and Sweden) plus Denmark and Finland. [BW13:283]
|
National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Sweden | first NSA Sweden |
1962 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Switzerland was formed. [BW13:283]
|
National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Switzerland | first NSA Switzerland |
1962 Ridván
196- |
In 1953 the National Spiritual Assembly of Italy and Switzerland had been formed. This Ridván, with the formation of the National Spiritual of Switzerland, the regional assembly was re-named the National Spiritual Assembly of Italy. [BWNS909>/a>] | Italy; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | |
1962 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Belgium was formed. Since 1957 it had come under the jurisdiction of the Regional Spiritual Assembly of the Benelux Countries. [BW13:283]
|
Belgium; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Belgium |
1962 Ridván
196- |
The first local spiritual assembly of the Loyalty Islands was formed in Nouméa. | Local Spiritual Assembly; Loyalty Islands; Noumea, New Caledonia | first Local Spiritual Assembly Loyalty Islands |
1962 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Sri Lanka (Ceylon) was formed in Colombo. [BW13:301] | Colombo, Sri Lanka; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Sri Lanka | first NSA Ceylon |
10 May
196- |
The passing of F. St. George Spendlove (b. 23 April, 1897 in Montreal) in Toronto. [BW13p895-899]
|
- Biography; - In Memoriam; Canada; George Spendlove; Montreal, QC; Toronto, ON | |
1962 22 May
196- |
The first Athabascan Indian north of the Arctic Circle to become a Bahá'í, Charley Roberts, enrolled. [BW15:455] | - First Bahá'ís by country or area; Canada; Native Americans | first Athabascan Indian Bahá’í north of the Arctic Circle |
1962 28 Jun
196- |
President Tubman of Liberia visited the Shrine of the Báb.
|
- Presidents; Báb, Shrine of (Haifa); Firsts, other; Haifa, Israel; Liberia; Mount Carmel; Prominent visitors | |
1962 20 Jul
196- |
The passing of Harlan Foster Ober (b. October 6, 1881 in Beverly, Massachusetts) in Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.
|
- Biography; - In Memoriam; Auxiliary board members; Beverly, MA; Elizabeth Kidder Ober; Elizabeth Kidder Ober; Grace Robarts Ober; Harlan Ober; Pretoria, South Africa; Race unity; South Africa; US Bahá'í News; United States (USA) | first US Baha'i News; |
1962 24 Jul
196- |
It was announced that the sixth Conclave of the Hands of the Cause of God was postponed until April 1963. [MoC362] | - Bahá'í World Centre; - Hands of the Cause; Bahji, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Hands of the Cause, Conclaves | |
1962 22 Aug
196- |
The Custodians ask the National Spiritual Assembly of the United States to make representations to the diplomatic missions of Morocco in Washington and at the United Nations concerning the 14 Bahá'ís imprisoned in Morocco. [MoC368–9]
For four months, while a legal committee of the Bahá’ís of Morocco, aided by an able French lawyer of Rabat, explored in vain all ways to obtain either the release of the prisoners or an early hearing of their case, these fourteen souls were kept in strict isolation from their fellow-Bahá’ís, and only a few messages could be passed orally via the women members of their families who could occasionally visit them. In August a devoted Egyptian Bahá’í lawyer (Mohsen Enayat) arrived in Morocco to join in the defense of the believers. The authorities returned no answer to his applications, but he was able to see the prisoners to bring them news and assurance, and to bring back to the Bahá’í community an account of the steadfastness and devotion of these dear friends. On October 31st, after more than six months of imprisonment, the fourteen accused were arraigned before the Regional Court of Nador which reviewed the accusations and committed the prisoners for trial before the Criminal Court of the same town on the charges of (1) rebellion and disorder, (2) attacks on public security, (3) constitution of an association of criminals, (4) constitution of an illegal association and (5) attacks on religious faith. [BN No 384 March 1963 p2] |
- Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Custodians; Human rights; Mohsen Enayat; Morocco; NSA; Persecution, Morocco; United Nations; United States (USA) | |
1962 Sep
196- |
Following full investigation and consultation on certain information concerning the activities of Rex (Reginald) King who has resided in various localities in Central California in recent years, it became necessary for the National Spiritual Assembly at its September meeting to deprive Mr. King of his Bahá'í membership and voting rights. Mr. King is not to be invited to Nineteen-Day Feasts or to participate in any other Bahá'í activities. [US Supplement No 57 November 1962 p2]
Reginald ("Rex") King, who had been elected secretary of the short-lived New Mexico "National Assembly", dissolved by Remey in 1964. Unhappy about Remey's resistance to his leadership role in the United States, King eventually went to Italy where Remey was living, and had an apparently acrimonious meeting with him. Following this encounter, on 13 September 1969 Remey issued a letter denouncing King: "his station to be ever and eternally that of Satan for evermore". King switched his allegiance to Marangella when the latter advanced his own claims two months later. This relationship, however, also soon broke down. King decided that Marangella had made "a number of faulty 'interpretations' of the Writings" and declared that Marangella "had ceased to fulfill the requirements of the office of guardian". He argued, indeed, that "neither Mason Remey nor Joel Marangella had in truth ever been guardians … because of the lack of lineal descendancy" (i.e., from Bahá'u'lláh). What Remey had actually been, King said, was "a regent", and King came to the "realization" that he himself "was in actuality the Second Regent…." [Mason Remey and Those Who Followed Him] |
Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Joel Marangella; Rex King (Reginald King) | |
1962 23 Sep
196- |
The Custodians ask the National Spiritual Assembly of the United States to obtain an interview with the personal representative of the King of Morocco who heads that country's delegation to the United Nations General Assembly in New York in connection with the Bahá'ís imprisoned in Morocco. [MoC373–4] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Human rights; Morocco; NSA; Persecution, Morocco; United Nations; United States (USA) | |
1962 autumn
196- |
A property was acquired outside of Gwalior, India, for a teaching institute. [DM192]
|
- Bahá'í inspired schools; Gwalior, India; India; Rabbani School, India; Social and economic development; Teaching institutes | |
1962 11 Oct
196- |
The opening of the Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the Second Vatican Council, or Vatican II at the Vatican. It was the 21st ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church. The council met in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome for four periods (or sessions), each lasting between 8 and 12 weeks, in the autumn of each of the four years 1962 to 1965. (11 October 1962 - 8 December 1965)
Pope John XXIII called the Council because he felt the Church needed "updating". In order to connect with 20th century people in an increasingly secularized world, some of the Church's practices needed to be improved, and its teaching needed to be presented in a way that would appear relevant and understandable to them. Roman Catholic bishops at the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) called for outlawing war by international consent and creating a universal public authority that would safeguard security, justice, and human rights. In their encyclicals, Pope John XXIII, Pope Benedict XVI, and Pope Francis have stated that there is an urgent need for a true world political authority that would be regulated by law, observe the principles of subsidiarity and solidarity, promote human development, manage globalization, and establish the common good. [Wikipedia; Black News 6FEB2022] |
Ecumenism; Italy; Rome, Italy; Second Vatican Council; Vatican City | |
1962 31 Oct
196- |
The 14 Bahá'ís imprisoned in Morocco were arraigned before the Regional Court of Nador. [BW13:289; MC18]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Court cases; Court cases; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 16 Nov
196- |
The superstructure of the European House of Worship near Frankfurt was completed and the Temple was turned over to the Bahá'ís by the contractor. [BW13:737; MoC15] | - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Frankfurt, Germany; Germany; Langenhain, Germany; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Langenhain | |
1962 (Near end of year)
196- |
Joyce McGuffie, Dale Lillico and Samson Knowlton, all of Brocket, AB, have been delegated by the National Spiritual Assembly as a committee to collect, prepare and edit news from the First Nations and other First Nations teaching in the cities. [CBN No 155 Dec 1962 p3] | Brocket, AB; Dale Lillico; Joyce McGuffie; Samson Knowlton | |
1962 10 Dec
196- |
The trial of the 14 Bahá'ís imprisoned in Morocco on charges of sedition opened. The accused were defended by four of the most able lawyers in Morocco who were advised by two Bahá’í lawyers. It quickly became apparent that no attempt was being made to prove the five charges of the indictment, rather were the accused being charged by the presiding judge with not conforming to the practices of Islám, to which the accused explained that, as they were Bahá’ís, these practices did not concern them.
The verdict of the trial and the sentences imposed were: Sentenced to death: Muḥammad Muḥammad ‘Alí Al-Kabdání, 23 years of age, unmarried, schoolteacher; Muḥammad Ba-Arafa Ma’anan, 29, unmarried, inspector of police; Fu’ád Muḥammad Javád At-Tahhan, 38, married, three children, school director. Imprisoned for life: ‘Abdu’l-Azíz ‘Abdu’lláh Al-Waryashí, 22, married, no children, school bursar; Muḥammad Al-Jabbání Al-Ḥassan, 24, married, one son, teacher; ‘Abdu’s-Salam Al-Haj Salim As-Sabti, 31, married, instructor; Muḥammad Muḥammad Sa’íd Al-Baggalí, 20, unmarried, tailor; Muḥammad Aḥmad As-Sabti, 32, married, one child, cashier; Imprisoned for 15 years: ‘Abdu’s-Salam Milwad Ash-Shukrí, 28, married, one child, state official. The announcement of these sentences came as a thunderclap. The response from the press of the world was immediate and indignant. By a curious irony of fate the new Moroccan Constitution guaranteeing freedom of religion had only recently been overwhelmingly accepted by a national referendum, and on December 7, three days before the trial opened, Morocco had voted in favor of a United Nations Resolution for a draft convention on the elimination of all forms of religious intolerance. [BW13:289; BW14:97; MoC414-418; BN No 384 March 1963 p3] |
- Persecution; - Persecution, Court cases; Court cases; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 14 Dec
196- |
The Regional Court of Nador gave its verdict in the case of the 14 Bahá'ís imprisoned in Morocco on charges of sedition: four were acquitted on the grounds that they claim to be Muslims; one was acquitted apparently through family connections; one was released on 15 years' probation owing to his diabetes; five were committed to life imprisonment hard labour; and three were condemned to death. [BBRSM174; MoC18–19]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Court cases; Court cases; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 17 Dec
196- |
The Custodians asked the Bahá'í International Community to issue press releases deploring Morocco's persecution of religious minorities and pointing out its failure to adhere to the UN charter condemning religious intolerance. [MoC397] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Bahá'í International Community; Custodians; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 21 Dec
196- |
Telegrams were sent by the Bahá'í International Community to Secretary-General U Thant and 35 United Nations delegations appealing for help under the Genocide Convention for the Bahá'ís sentenced to death and imprisoned for life in Morocco. [BW13:794] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Bahá'í International Community; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco; United Nations | |
1962 23 Dec
196- |
The Custodians asked national spiritual assemblies to cable Secretary General of the United Nations U Thant requesting his intervention on behalf of the Bahá'ís under sentence of death and imprisoned for life in Morocco. [BW13:794; MoC397–8] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Custodians; Human rights; Morocco; NSA; Persecution, Morocco; United Nations | |
1962 27 Dec
196- |
The Custodians asked national and local spiritual assemblies to write to the Moroccan ambassador in their respective countries pleading for justice and religious freedom. [MoC398–9] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; - Worldwide; Custodians; Human rights; LSA; Morocco; NSA; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 31 Dec
196- |
The first indigenous local spiritual assembly in Venezuela was formed among the Yaruro Indians of Apure state in the village of Agua Linda. | - Indigenous people; Agua Linda, Venezuela; Local Spiritual Assembly; Venezuela | first indigenous Local Spiritual Assembly in Venezuela |
1963 - 1986
196- |
The end of the Second Epoch and the beginning of The Third Epoch of the Formative Age. [Message from the Universal House of Justice dated 5 February 1986; Mess63-86 p710-716]
|
Cycles, Eras, Ages and Epochs; Formative Age | |
1963 - 1964
196- |
1963 - 1963 was a Year of Preparation and a time to consolidate the victories of the Ten Year Crusade. [Mess63-86pxli] | * Teaching Plans | |
1963 (In the year)
196- |
15 years after the establishment of Israel and during the course of the unrest that swept through Iran in response to a set of far-reaching reforms launched by Muhammad-Ridá Sháh, Ayatollah Khomeini and the Association of Iranian Clerics, in two separate declarations, denounced Bahá'ís as agents and representatives of Israel, and demanded their severe repression. During the 1960s and 70s almost everything that troubled Iranian clerics was seen as evidence of a Bahá'í-Israeli plot against Islam. The Shah, who was harshly rebuked by the 'ulama for his regime's strong ties with Israel, was accused of being a Bahá'í because of some of the reforms he had introduced, notably his giving voting rights to women, and providing blue-collar industrial workers with a share of the profits earned by their companies. Various cultural events launched by the administration, some of which had clear Western tones, were seen as Bahá'í plots to undermine the Islamic identity of Iranians. Iranian ministers and courtiers were almost collectively accused of being Bahá'ís. Even Iran's notorious intelligence agency, SAVAK, whose strong anti-leftist agenda had naturally led to its inclination to recruit people with Islamic ties, and which had obvious connections with the Hujjatieh society – the self-professed arch-enemies of the Bahá'ís – was seen as nothing more than a Bahá'í puppet. Consequently, the 1979 Islamic Revolution came about not just as an uprising against the Shah, but supposedly as a reaction to an Israeli-Bahá'í threat. [Iran Press Watch 1407] |
* Persecution, Iran; - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; - Shahs; Ayatollah Khomeini; Conspiracy theories; History (general); Iran; Iran, General history; Israel; Mohammed Reza Shah Pahlavi; Reform | |
1963 (In the year)
196- |
In Angola, Antonio Francesco Ebo and seven other Bahá'ís were arrested and imprisoned in a penal colony off the coast of southern Angola.
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; Angola; Persecution, Angola | |
1963 Jan
196- |
The publication of Freedom of Religion on Trial in Morocco: The Nador Case by Bahá'í International Community. It was a report on the situation in Morocco to that point in time. | Bahá'í International Community; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1963 1 Jan
196- |
The Custodians ask all national and local spiritual assemblies to cable the King of Morocco appealing for justice for the Bahá'ís under sentence of death and imprisoned for life in his country. [BW14:97; MoC19] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; - Worldwide; Custodians; Human rights; Local Spiritual Assembly; Morocco; National Spiritual Assembly; Persecution, Morocco | |
1963 18 Jan
196- |
First Bahá'í marriage in Taiwan was between Miss Yeh Chan-ching and Mr Yang Su-thou. Official government recognition of the Bahá'í marriage was obtained in 1973. [The Taiwan Bahá'í Chronicle by Barbara R. Sims p37] | Firsts, other; Recognition (legal); Taiwan; Weddings | First Bahá'í marriage in Taiwan |
1963 31 Jan
196- |
Roger Baldwin, Chairman of the International League for the Rights of Man, appeared before the UN sub-commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities and stated that, as far they know; the Bahá'í prisoners in Morocco were the only example in recent history where members of a religion had been condemned to death solely for holding and expressing religious views regarded as heretical. [MoC415–16] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco; United Nations | |
1963 31 Mar
196- |
King Hassan II of Morocco was featured on an American television show called "Meet the Press". He stated that he believed that the Baháʼí Faith was not a religion and "against good order and also morals". However, on April 2 he made a public statement that if the Supreme Court confirms the penalty of death that he would grant them a royal pardon. in a televised interview in the United States that the Bahá'í Faith was not a religion and was 'against good order and also morals'. [MoC414-419] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; King Hassan II; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1963 2 Apr
196- |
King Hassan II of Morocco made a public statement promising that if the Supreme Court upheld the decision condemning three Bahá'í prisoners to death, he would grant them a royal pardon. [MoC416] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Court cases; - Persecution, Other; Court cases; Human rights; King Hassan II; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1963 4 Apr
196- |
The Custodians issued a statement of information to the national spiritual assemblies of the United States and Europe regarding the Bahá'ís imprisoned in Morocco and under threat of death, reminding them that clemency or a pardon are not sufficient, as the condemned Bahá'ís cannot be pardoned for a crime they did not commit. [MoC414]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Custodians; Human rights; Morocco; National Spiritual Assembly; Persecution, Morocco | |
1963 9 Apr
196- |
The sixth Conclave of the Hands of the Cause of God was convened at Bahjí.
|
- Hands of the Cause; Akka, Israel; Bahji, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Hands of the Cause, Conclaves | |
1963 20 Apr
196- |
The Ten Year Crusade was successfully completed. The achievements of the Ten Year Crusade were celebrated at the Most Great Jubilee in April and May 1963, which commemorated the Centenary of the Declaration of Baha'u'llah's Mission. Two historic events transpired during that time: the International Convention, convened in Haifa, Israel, to elect the first Universal House of Justice; and the World Congress held in London, England.
|
* Shoghi Effendi, Basic timeline; * Teaching Plans; - Bahá'í World Centre; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Worldwide; Conventions, International; Growth; London, England; Most Great Jubilee (1963); Shoghi Effendi, Works of; Statistics; Ten Year Crusade (1953-1963); United Kingdom | |
1963 20 Apr
196- |
The number of believers in East and Central Africa numbered well over 40.000 with half of these in the Congo. Similar growth could be seen in countries like British Cameroons, Ethiopia, and Northern Rhodesia. Bahá'ís now resided in well over 30 countries and territories, and consisted largely of tribal peoples that had entered the Faith through the combined efforts of international and native pioneers. The end of the Ten Year Crusade left Africa spiritually and politically transformed. Devoted individuals, operating in daunting conditions, had succeeded in establishing the Faith on the continent while preparing for the next phase in its advancement—continued large-scale expansion would be accompanied by the formation and strengthening of the foundational institutions of the Faith. [A Brief Account of the Progress of the Bahá'í Faith in Africa Since 1953 by Nancy Oloro-Robarts and Selam Ahderom p6-7] | - Africa; British Cameroon; Congo, Democratic Republic of; Ethiopia; Northern Rhodesia; Shoghi Effendi, Works of; Statistics | |
1963 21 Apr
196- |
Establishment of the Universal House of Justice
|
* Shoghi Effendi, Basic timeline; - Bahá'í World Centre; - Basic timeline, Condensed; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Alí Nakhjavání; Amoz Gibson; Appointed arm; Borah Kavelin; Charles Wolcott; Conventions, International; Covenant; Cycles, Eras, Ages and Epochs; David Hofman; Elections; Firsts, other; Formative Age; Haifa, Israel; Hugh Chance; Hushmand Fatheazam; Ian Semple; Lutfullah Hakim; Universal House of Justice, Basic timeline; Universal House of Justice, Election of | first Universal House of Justice elected. |
1963 21 – 23 Apr
196- |
The First International Convention was convened in Haifa. [MoC424]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Conventions, International; First conventions; Haifa, Israel | first International Convention |
1963 22 Apr
196- |
The results of the election of the Universal House of Justice were announced at the close of the morning session of the International Convention: Charles Wolcott, 'Alí Nakhjavání, H. Borrah Kavelin, Ian Semple, Lutfu'lláh Hakím, David Hofman, Hugh Chance, Amoz Gibson and Hushmand Fatheazam. [BBD231–3; BBRSM131; BW14:425 MoC425; SS50; VVXI-XII]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Alí Nakhjavání; Amoz Gibson; Charles Wolcott; Conventions, International; David Hofman; Elections; Firsts, other; H. Borrah Kavelin; Haifa, Israel; Hugh Chance; Hushmand Fatheazam; Ian Semple; Lutfullah Hakim; Universal House of Justice, Election of; Universal House of Justice, Members of | Mr Amos Gibson was the first black member of the Universal House of Justice |
1963 23 Apr
196- |
The State funeral of Izhak Ben Zvi, second President of Israel was attended by two Hands of the Cause and two members of the Universal House of Justice. [BW14:92–3]
|
Israel; Izhak Ben Zvi | first official act of UHJ |
1963 28 Apr - 2 May
196- |
The first Bahá'í World Congress, the 'Most Great Jubilee', was held in London to celebrate the centenary of the declaration of Bahá'u'lláh. The beloved Guardian had wanted this long-planned gathering to take place in Baghdad, but the situation did not allow the gathering to take place there. In 1961, the Hands of the Cause of God residing at the Holy Land decided to hold the Congress in London, which would also enable the participants to visit the resting place of the Guardian. [BW14:57]
|
- Basic timeline, Expanded; - First conferences; Bahá'í World Congress, First (1963); Bahá'u'lláh, Declaration of; Centenaries; Conferences, Bahá'í; London, England; Most Great Jubilee (1963); United Kingdom | first Bahá’í World Congress |
1963 30 Apr
196- |
The members of the Universal House of Justice were presented to the World Congress and the first statement of the House of Justice was read by David Hofman. [BW14:68]
|
Bahá'í World Congress, First (1963); David Hofman; London, England; United Kingdom; Universal House of Justice, Members of | first statement of UHJ |
1963 7 May
196- |
The Universal House of Justice issued its first message to national conventions. [WG4–8]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; - Hands of the Cause; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Universal House of Justice; Universal House of Justice; Universal House of Justice, Letters and messages | first message to national conventions by UHJ |
1963 9 May
196- |
The Hands of the Cause of God passed a resolution regarding the principles that will apply between the body of the Hands and the Hands Residing in the Holy Land and the activities of the Hands in the Holy Land. [MoC426]
|
- Hands of the Cause; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities | |
1963 19 May
196- |
The Hands of the Cause cabled the annual conventions with the names of the five Hands chosen to reside in the Holy Land: Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum, Leroy Ioas, 'Alí-Akbar Furútan, Paul Haney and Abu'l-Qásim Faizí. [MoC427] | - Hands of the Cause; Abu'l-Qasim Faizi; `Alí-Akbar Furútan; Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Leroy Ioas; Paul Haney | |
1963 5 Jun onwards
196- |
Throughout Iran, advantage is taken of the general anti-government disorder to launch attacks on Bahá'ís in several localities under the cover of these disturbances. [BW18p391]
|
* Persecution, Iran; - Persecution; - Persecution, Destruction; - Persecution, Other; Iran | |
1963 7 Jun
196- |
The Custodians published a Declaration 'releasing all their functions, rights and powers conferred upon them by the Declaration of the Hands, November 25, 1957, to the Universal House of Justice'. [MoC433]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Custodians; Haifa, Israel | |
1963 16 Jun
196- |
The Universal House of Justice announced that it will for the present time, use the Western Pilgrim House at 10 Haparsim Street, Haifa, as its seat and that both the Eastern and Western pilgrims will be housed in the Haifa Pilgrim House. [WG9] | Haifa, Israel; Pilgrim House, Eastern (Haifa); Pilgrim House, Western (Haifa); Pilgrim Houses; Pilgrimage; Universal House of Justice, Seat of (Haifa) | |
1963 31 Jul
196- |
The passing of Dr Genevieve Coy (b.1886) in Harare, Zimbabwe. [Bahá'í Chronicles, Baha'i Heroes & Heroines,
grave]
|
- Biography; - In Memoriam; Genevieve Coy; Harare, Zimbabwe; Zimbabwe | |
1963 25 Aug
196- |
The Universal House of Justice announceed the demolition of the House of Worship in 'Ishqábád (now Ashgabat, Turkmenistan) by the Soviet authorities owing to earthquake damage. [BBD122; BW14:479–81]
|
- Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Ashgabat; Earthquakes; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Ishqabad; Russia; Soviet Union; Turkmenistan | |
1963 Oct
196- |
After the International Conference in London, those members of the newly elected Universal House of Justice who were not already resident in Haifa returned to their homes to make plans to relocate. This was finally completed by October.
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Cycles, Eras, Ages and Epochs; Formative Age; Nine Year Plan (1964-1973); Universal House of Justice | |
1963 6 Oct
196- |
The Universal House of Justice cabled that it found that 'there is no way to appoint or to legislate to make it possible to appoint a second Guardian to succeed Shoghi Effendi'. [WG11; 6 October 1963]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Guardianship; Haifa, Israel | |
1963 1 Nov
196- |
The first person on Saipan to become a Bahá'í, Patience Robinson, enrolled. | - First Bahá'ís by country or area; Mariana Islands; Saipan, Mariana Islands | first Bahá’í, on Saipan |
1963 23 Nov
196- |
At the request of the Universal House of Justice, Bahá'ís around the world prayed at the Feast of Qawl for favourable action to be taken in the case of the Bahá'ís under threat of death and imprisoned in Morocco. [BW14:98]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Court cases; - Persecution, Other; Court cases; Custodians; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco; Universal House of Justice | |
1963 13 Dec
196- |
The Bahá'í prisoners in Morocco were released on order of the Supreme Court. The high drama had run for some twenty months. [BW14:98; MoC19]
They were not only released but were exonerated of any culpability and paid compensation for their loss of freedom to earn their living and, in a few cases, where they were employed by th Government, indemnified. All the National Spiritual Assemblies, wherever possible, were asked by the Universal House of Justice to express gratification, through the Moroccan Embassy or Consulate in their areas, to the King for this decision of the Supreme Court. [Mess63-86p25] For a picture of the release of the Moroccan Bahá'í prisoners see BW14:97. |
- Persecution; - Persecution, Court cases; - Persecution, Other; Court cases; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1964 (In the year)
196- |
Four new believers in Cambodia were arrested and imprisoned as the Bahá'í Faith was not formally recognized and the Bahá'ís did not have permission to teach.
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; Cambodia; Persecution, Cambodia | |
1964 (Unsure of date)
196- |
Rex and Mary Collision, Knights of Bahá'u'lláh for Ruanda-Urandi (now the independent countries of Rwanda and Burundi), returned to the United States after three year's service at the Temple in Kampala.
|
Kampala, Uganda; Mary Collison; Rex Collison; Uganda | |
1964 3 Feb
196- |
Hand of the Cause Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum and her companion Violette Nakhjavání left Haifa at the start of their 55,000 mile, 9-month journey through India, Ceylon, Nepal and Sikkim. [AV114; VV11] | Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum, Journeys of; Haifa, Israel; India; Nepal; Sikkim, India; Sri Lanka; Violette Nakhjavani | |
1964 8 Mar
196- |
A cable was sent from Temuco, Chile to the Bahá'í World Centre by Hand of the Cause Jalál Kházeh announcing that mass teaching had started among the Mapuche tribes in Cautin province in southern Chile. As of that time there were close to 9,000 Mapuche believers and more than 90 local spiritual assemblies in the provinces of Cautin, Malleco and Arauco. [BN 136 April 1979 p4-5] | Chile; Jalal Khazeh; Mapuche people; Mass teaching; Temuco, Chile | |
1964 22 Mar
196- |
The Faith was brought to St Vincent for the first time by Shirley Jackson, who returned to the island the day after having become a Bahá'í while on a visit to her native home in Grenada.
|
- First Bahá'ís by country or area; St. Vincent, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | first Bahá’í on St Vincent |
1964 Apr
196- |
The Universal House of Justice, in its message of 24 April, 1964 called for the acquisition of thirty-two Teaching Institutes during the Nine Year Plan (1964-1973) in areas where there was large-scale teaching. | - Bahá'í World Centre; Nine Year Plan (1964-1973); Teaching institutes | |
1964 Apr
196- |
The chief of the Arpushana clan of the Guajiros, Francisco Pimienta Arpushana, became a Bahá'í in Colombia and teaching work began among his people. [BW14:319] | Colombia; Francisco Pimienta Arpushana | |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The Universal House of Justice released statistics on the growth and spread of the Bahá'í Faith at Ridván. [BW14:124–35]
|
- Worldwide; Growth; Statistics; Ten Year Crusade (1953-1963) | |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The Nine Year Plan (1964-1973) was launched. [BBRSM159; VV1; WG22–7]
|
* Teaching Plans; - Bahá'í World Centre; Cycles, Eras, Ages and Epochs; Formative Age; Nine Year Plan (1964-1973); Tablets of the Divine Plan | |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Uganda and Central Africa was formed with its seat in Kampala. [BW14p96]
|
Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo; Burundi; Central African Republic; Chad; Congo, Democratic Republic of; Gabon; Kampala, Uganda; Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Rwanda; Uganda | first NSA Uganda and Central Africa |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The existing National Spiritual Assembly of North West Africa that had been formed in 1956 was split into two regions, the Spiritual Assembly of West Africa and the "new" North West Africa region with its seat in Tunis included the following countries: Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Mauritania, Rio de Oro, Spanish Sahara, Ifni, Madeira, Canary Islands. [BW14p96]
|
Algeria; Canary Islands, Spain; Ifni, Morocco; Madeira; Mauritania; Morocco; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Rio de Oro, Spanish Sahara; Spanish Sahara; Tunisia | first NSA West Africa |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The existing National Spiritual Assembly of North West Africa that had been formed in 1956 was split into two regions, the "new" North West Africa region and the Spiritual Assembly of West Africa with its seat in Monrovia. This latter assembly, Spiritual Assembly of West Africa, Ivory Coast; Mali, and Upper Volta, had jurisdiction over the following countries: Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea, Gambia, Senegal, Portuguese Guinea, and Cape Verde Islands. [BW14p96; BN No 393 Dec 1964 p2 ] |
Cape Verde; Gambia, The; Guinea; Ivory Coast; Liberia; Mali; Monrovia, Liberia; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Portuguese Guinea; Senegal; Sierra Leone; Upper Volta, Burkina Faso | first NSA North West Africa |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of West Central Africa was formed with its seat in Victoria, (now Limbe) in the Cameroon Republic and had the following countries under its jurisdiction: Spanish Guinea, Fernando Po Island, Corisco Island, São Tomé and Principe Islands, Nigeria, Niger, Dahomey, Togo, and Ghana. [BW14p96] | Cameroon; Limbé, Camaroon; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Tanganyika and Zanzibar was formed with its seat in Dar-es-Salaam. The jurisdiction included Pemba and Mafia Island. Those elected were: H. S. Akida, Mary Elston, Allen Elston, Lamuka Mwangulu, Wallace NgaUomba, Jalal Nakhjavani, Glory Nyirenda, Jamsheed Samandari, and Ruhulah Yazdani.
In 1964 Tanganyika merged with Zanzibar to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar, later renamed the United Republic of Tanzania so now it is call the National Spiritual Assembly of Tanzania. |
Dar-es-salaam, Tanzania; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Tanganyika, Tanzania; Tanzania; Zanzibar, Tanzania | first NSA Tanganyika and Zanzibar |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of South and West Africa that was formed in 1956, was altered and two additional national assemblies were formed, the National Spiritual Assembly of the Indian Ocean,(Mauritius, Réunion and Madagascar) and the National Spiritual Assembly of South Central Africa and leaving the altered South and West Africa leaving only Angola, Basutoland, St. Helena, South West Africa, South Africa and Swaziland. The National Spiritual Assembly of South Central Africa was formed with its seat in Salisbury had jurisdiction over the following countries: Northern Rhodesia, Malawi (formerly changed in 1964 from Nyasaland), Southern Rhodesia, and Botswana (formerly Bechuanaland; name changed in 1966). [BW14p96; BW15:195; BN no608 November 1981 p11] |
Bechuanaland; Harare, Zimbabwe; Malawi; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Northern Rhodesia; Southern Rhodesia; Zimbabwe | first NSA South Central Africa |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of South and West Africa that was formed in 1956, was altered and two additional national assemblies were formed, Indian Ocean, and South Central Africa. South and West Africa remained. The National Spiritual Assembly of the Indian Ocean was formed with its seat in Port Louis had jurisdiction over the following countries: Mauritius, Chagos Archipelago, Rodriguez Island, Malagasy Republic, (formerly Madagascar; name changed in 1958) Seychelles Islands, Comoro Islands, and Reunion Island. [BW14p96; BW15:195] |
Chagos Archipelago; Comoros Islands; Madagascar; Mauritius; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Port Louis, Mauritius; Reunion Island; Rodrigues Island; Seychelles | first NSA Indian Ocean |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Kenya was formed with its seat in Nairobi. Its members were: Its members were: James Wasilwa, Aziz Yazdi, Elamu Muswahili, Taherih Ala'i, Festas Mulkalama, Bonaventure Wafula, Julius Makanda, Frank Mnkoyani, and Christopher Musambai. [Bahá'í News No 409 April 1965 p8; BW14p96] | Aziz Yazdi; Bonaventure Wafula; Christopher Musambai; Elamu Muswahili; Festas Mulkalama; Frank Mnkoyani; James Wasilwa; Julius Makanda; Kenya; Nairobi, Kenya; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Taherih Alai | first NSA Kenya |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The Regional Spiritual Assembly of the South Pacific Islands was dissolved and the territory divided into two National Spiritual Assembly areas, South West Pacific Ocean and South Pacific Ocean. The National Spiritual Assembly of the South Pacific Ocean was formed with its seat in Suva comprising the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Nauru Island, Fiji, Western Samoa, American Samoa, Tonga and Cook Islands. [BW14p99] | American Samoa; Cook Islands; Fiji; Gilbert and Ellice Islands; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Nauru Island; Suva, Fiji; Tonga; Western Samoa | first NSA South Pacific Ocean |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The Regional Spiritual Assembly of the South Pacific Islands was dissolved and the territory divided into two National Spiritual Assembly areas, South Pacific Ocean and South West Pacific Ocean. The National Spiritual Assembly of the South West Pacific Ocean was formed with its seat in Honiara and comprising the Solomon Islands, the New Hebrides Islands, New Caledonia and the Loyalty Islands. [BW14p99] | Honiara, Solomon Islands; Loyalty Islands; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; New Caledonia; Solomon Islands; Vanuatu | first NSA South West Pacific Ocean |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of North East Asia was re-formed with its seat in Tokyo comprising Japan, Formosa, Hong Kong and Macao. [BW14p102] | Hong Kong; Japan; Macau; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Taiwan; Tokyo, Japan | first NSA North East Asia |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Korea was formed with its seat in Seoul. [BW14p99] | Korea; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Seoul, South Korea | first NSA Korea |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Malaysia (known as Malaya prior to 1963) was formed with its seat in Kuala Lumpur and comprising Malaya, Singapore, Brunei, Sabah, and Sarawak. Prior to this time the area was under the guidance of the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of India, Pakistan and Burma, owing to the fact that the Guardian had entrusted the growth and development of the Faith to that assembly in 1950. [BW14p99; Bahaipedia Malaysia] | British Malaya; Brune, Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Malaysia; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Sabah, Malaysia; Sarawak, Malaysia; Singapore | first NSA Malaysia |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Indonesia was formed with its seat in Djakarta and comprising Indonesia, the Mentawai Islands, Portuguese Timor and West Irian. [BW14p99] | Indonesia; Jakarta, Indonesia; Mentawai Islands; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Portuguese Timor; West Irian, New Guinea | first NSA Indonesia |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Vietnam was formed with its seat in Saigon and having jurisdiction over the Bahá'ís of Cambodia. [BW14p99]
|
Cambodia; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Saigon, Vietnam; Vietnam | first NSA Viet Nam |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of Thailand was formed with its seat in Bangkok and having jurisdiction over the Bahá'ís of Laos. [BW14p99] | Bangkok, Thailand; Laos; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Thailand | first NSA Thailand |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of the Philippines was formed with its seat in Manila. [BW14p99] | Manila, Philippines; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Philippines | first NSA Philippines |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the Hawaiian Islands was formed with its seat in Honolulu. Prior to this time, they were under the jurisdiction of the National Spiritual Assembly of the United States. At the time of the formation of the new National Assembly, the territory was transferred to Australasia. [BW14p99; BW14p93] | Honolulu, HI; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | first NSA Hawaiian Islands |
1964 Jun
196- |
Isaac Eziukwu, a Nigerian who had become a Bahá'í in Bangui, Central African Republic, in 1956, arrived in Libreville, Gabon, the first pioneer to the country. [BW16:522–3] | Gabon; Isaac Eziukwu; Libreville, Gabon | first pioneer to Gabon |
1964 4 Jul
196- |
The House of Worship in Langenhain, Germany, the Mother Temple of Europe, was dedicated. [BW14:483–4] The interior of the auditorium is bounded by 27 pillars, supporting the dome. Twenty-seven ribs lead from the floor to the apex of the dome, culminating in a ring which carries a lantern. The dome segments are arranged in a special way in order to permit full access of daylight. These produce an interesting play of lights and shadows, attractively brightened by the sun's reflexes on the 570 glass panels. The supporting parts of the structure consist of prefabricated concrete material reinforced by steel fillings, which were produced in the Netherlands.
Specifics
Foundation Stone: 20 November 1960 by Hand of the Cause Amelia Collins representing the World Centre. She placed Sacred Dust from the Shrine of Bahá'u'lláh in the foundations. Construction Period: 1960-1964 Site Dedication:4 July 1964 Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum represented the Universal House of Justice. Architect: Teuto Rocholl (plans approved by Shoghi Effendi) Seating:450 – 600 Dimensions: Diameter at the base: 48m (158ft), Height from the base to the top of the dome: 28m (92ft), Outer diameter: 25m (82ft); Inner diameter: 23m (69ft), Inner height of the dome: 24m (72ft). Height 20.5m (67ft) Cost: Dependencies: A home for the aged. Note: The construction of this temple was delayed by legal roadblocks instigated by church opposition, both Protestant and Catholic. References: BW14p483, BW14p483-484, BW18p104, CEBF241 |
- Architects; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Europe; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Mother Temples; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Quick facts; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Amelia Collins; Bahá'u'lláh, Shrine of (Bahjí); Boxes containing dust, earth or plaster; Frankfurt, Germany; Germany; Gifts; Langenhain, Germany; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Continental; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Langenhain; Opposition; Teuto Rocholl | |
1964 19 Sep
196- |
Prince Sihanouk Norodom, Head of State, and Prince Kantol Norodom, Prime Minister, signed a decree authorizing the exercise of the Bahá'í Faith in Cambodia and recognizing the Bahá'í World Centre in Haifa. | Cambodia; Recognition (legal) | |
1964 Nov
196- |
The Universal House of Justice announced that 'there is no way to appoint, or to legislate to make it possible to appoint, Hands of the Cause of God'. [WG41]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; - Hands of the Cause; - Hands of the Cause, Institution; Appointed arm; Haifa, Israel; Universal House of Justice; Universal House of Justice, Basic timeline | |
1964 5 Nov
196- |
Followers of Charles Mason Remey filed suit in the United States District Court for Northern Illinois against the National Spiritual Assembly of the United States, claiming they were the rightful owners of all Bahá'í properties and funds in the United States. [BW14:95]
|
Charles Mason Remey; Copyright and trademarks; Court cases; Covenant-breaking; Criticism and apologetics; NSA; United States (USA) | |
1964 - 1965
196- |
A Bahá'í Publishing Trust for the provision of literature in the French language was established in Brussels. [Riḍván 1965] | - Publishing Trusts; Belgium; Brussels, Belgium | |
1965 (In the year)
196- |
The first pioneer to the San Andrés and Providencia Islands settled there briefly. | - Travel teachers and pioneers, First; San Andres and Providencia Islands | first pioneer to the San Andrés and Providencia Islands |
1965 (In the year)
196- |
William Carr visited Alert in Canada, only 800 km from the North Pole and the most northerly inhabited location in the world. | Alert, NU; Arctic; Canada; William Carr | |
1965 (In the year)
196- |
Nils and Sigrid Rutfjäll, the first Samer (Lapps) to become Bahá'ís, enrolled in northern Norway. [BW5:483] | - First believers by background; - Indigenous people; Norway; Sámi people; Sápmi | first Samer (Lapps) Bahá’ís |
1965 (In the year)
196- |
Emma Reinert, the first Faroese to become a Bahá'í, enrolled. | - First Bahá'ís by country or area; Faroe Islands, Denmark | first Faroese Bahá’í |
1965 (In the year)
196- |
The great, great, granddaughter of Chief Sitting Bull, Ina McNeil, became a Baha'i. She was born on the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation in South Dakota and is a member of the Hunkpapa Lakota tribe and the first Lakota to become a Bahá'í.
She was convinced of the truth of the Bahá'í Revelation because of the similarities between it and her Lakota heritage; to cite two examples, the legend of the return of White Buffalo Calf Maiden and the prophecies of Black Elk and his vision of Bahá'u'lláh. [Article by Radiance Talley] |
Black Elk; Chief Sitting Bull; Ina McNeil; Long Island, NY; New York, USA; South Dakota, USA; Standing Rock Sioux Reservation; White Buffalo Calf Maiden | Ina McNeil become the first Lakota to become a Bahá'í. |
1965 Feb
196- |
Jean and Ivanie Désert and their three children arrived in Guadeloupe from Haiti, the first Bahá'ís to settle on the island. [Guadeloupe by Daniel Caillaud] | - First Bahá'ís by country or area; Guadeloupe | first Bahá’ís to settle on Guadeloupe |
1965 18 Mar
196- |
The Bahá'í International Community established its own offices in the United Nations Plaza Building in New York. [BW14:90, BIC-History] | Bahá'í International Community; New York, USA; United Nations | |
1965 23 Mar
196- |
The case filed by the followers of Charles Mason Remey against the National Spiritual Assembly of the United States was dismissed on technical grounds. [BW14:95]
|
Charles Mason Remey; Copyright and trademarks; Court cases; Covenant-breaking; National Spiritual Assemblies; United States (USA) | |
1965 Apr
196- |
Franklin Bozor, an agricultural labourer, and Pierre Defoe were the first persons to become Bahá'ís in Guadeloupe. [Guadeloupe by Daniel Caillaud] | - First Bahá'ís by country or area; Guadeloupe | first Bahá’ís Guadeloupe |
1965 Ridván
196- |
The first local spiritual assembly in Iceland was formed in Reykjavik. Its members were Asgeir Einarsson, Kirsten Bonnevie, Florence Grindlay, Jessie Echevarria, Carl John Spencer, Charles Grindlay, Liesel Becker, Barbel Thinat and Nicholas Echevarria. [Bahá'í News No 417 10 December 1965 p10]
|
Iceland; Local Spiritual Assembly, formation; Reykjavik, Iceland | first LSA Iceland |
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