World
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date | event | tags | firsts |
1962 Ridván
196- |
In 1953 the National Spiritual Assembly of Italy and Switzerland had been formed. This Ridván, with the formation of the National Spiritual of Switzerland, the regional assembly was re-named the National Spiritual Assembly of Italy. [BWNS909>/a>] | Italy; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | |
1965 20 Sep
196- |
The obligation that Bahá'ís should seek exemption from combatant service was specifically affirmed by the Universal House of Justice in a letter to the American National Spiritual Assembly. That letter said:It is for each believer, under pain of his own conscience, to determine for himself what his actions should be, bearing in mind that the application of these principles is the spiritual obligation of every Bahá'í. It is rather for your Assembly to see that adequate instruction is provided so that the friends will let these principles be mirrored forth in their actions, and that they will be so steadfast in their love for Bahá'u'lláh that it would be unthinkable for them to willingly place themselves in a position where they must take human life.[Universal House of Justice letter to the National Spiritual Assembly of the United States ref41] |
Military; Military (armed forces); United States (USA); War; Weapons | |
1969 Jun
196- |
For the Bahá'í position on military service see War, Governance, and Conscience in This Age of Transition by National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the United States published by the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the United States in the National Bahá'í Review. | Military; Military (armed forces); United States (USA); War; Weapons | |
1966 11 Sep
196- |
The rescue of six Tongan boys from the uninhabited island of 'Ata by Peter Warner and his crew on his yacht the Just David. The boys, all students at St Andrew's College, had stolen a 25 foot whaling boat and, on their first night at sea, had lost the sails and the rudder in a storm. They lost the little food they had carried as well. They were adrift for 8 days without water before reaching the island in June 1965. By the time Warner arrived, the boys had set up a commune with a food garden, hollowed-out trees to store rainwater, a gymnasium, badminton court, chicken enclosures. and a permanent fire. [Wikipedia]
|
- Bahá'í inspired schools; - Biography; - In Memoriam; Australia; Ballina, New South Wales; Nukualofa, Tonga; Ocean of Light International School, Tonga; Peter Warner; Tonga | |
1960 20 Aug
196- |
The presentation of the doctoral dissertation of Allan Luctus Ward entitled An Historical Study of the North American Speaking Tour of 'Abdu'l-Bahá and a Rhetorical Analysis of His Addresses | `Abdu'l-Bahá, Travels of; Allan Ward; Ann Arbor, MI; Michigan, USA; Rhetoric; United States (USA) | |
1962 (Near end of year)
196- |
Joyce McGuffie, Dale Lillico and Samson Knowlton, all of Brocket, AB, have been delegated by the National Spiritual Assembly as a committee to collect, prepare and edit news from the First Nations and other First Nations teaching in the cities. [CBN No 155 Dec 1962 p3] | Brocket, AB; Dale Lillico; Joyce McGuffie; Samson Knowlton | |
1968 Nov
196- |
Fereidun Khazrai arrived in Romanian and was designated a Knight of Bahá'u'lláh. [Bahaipedia] | - Knights of Bahá'u'lláh; Fereidun Khazrai; Romania | |
1962 Sep
196- |
Following full investigation and consultation on certain information concerning the activities of Rex (Reginald) King who has resided in various localities in Central California in recent years, it became necessary for the National Spiritual Assembly at its September meeting to deprive Mr. King of his Bahá'í membership and voting rights. Mr. King is not to be invited to Nineteen-Day Feasts or to participate in any other Bahá'í activities. [US Supplement No 57 November 1962 p2]
Reginald ("Rex") King, who had been elected secretary of the short-lived New Mexico "National Assembly", dissolved by Remey in 1964. Unhappy about Remey's resistance to his leadership role in the United States, King eventually went to Italy where Remey was living, and had an apparently acrimonious meeting with him. Following this encounter, on 13 September 1969 Remey issued a letter denouncing King: "his station to be ever and eternally that of Satan for evermore". King switched his allegiance to Marangella when the latter advanced his own claims two months later. This relationship, however, also soon broke down. King decided that Marangella had made "a number of faulty 'interpretations' of the Writings" and declared that Marangella "had ceased to fulfill the requirements of the office of guardian". He argued, indeed, that "neither Mason Remey nor Joel Marangella had in truth ever been guardians … because of the lack of lineal descendancy" (i.e., from Bahá'u'lláh). What Remey had actually been, King said, was "a regent", and King came to the "realization" that he himself "was in actuality the Second Regent…." [Mason Remey and Those Who Followed Him] |
Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Joel Marangella; Rex King (Reginald King) | |
1961 (In the year)
196- |
The first local assembly was formed on Terceira Island in the Azores at Ridván in 1958. The Faith continued to grow slowly but steadily. By 1961 the local religious authorities grew concerned. The International Police summoned Mr. Nolen, the Knight of Bahá'u'lláh for the Azores, and advised him that he must discontinue teaching the Faith or leave the islands. Despite these obstacles the Spiritual Assembly continued to meet and study classes were held in Bahá'í homes. [BW15p317-318] | Azores; Persecution, Portugal; Portugal | |
1967 - 1977
196- |
From 1967 until 1976 the Harlem Preparatory School was the only high school in central Harlem. The community school, which was set up by a group of black ministers, Catholic nuns, and Bahá'ís, provided a means of education to a primarily African American clientele who were not well-accommodated in the regular system. Under the direction of Headmaster Howard Carpenter, himself an African American New Yorker, the school operated on funding from foundations, businesses and individuals. Those that contributed make a long list that cut across habitual racial and ideological lines. The school employed non-credentialed teachers and the only requirement for graduation was acceptance into a college or university. [From Nayriz to New York: Hussein Ahdieh and the Story of Harlem Prep by Sean Nevins]
Hussein Ahdieh and Hillary Chapman, two who served at the school in both a teaching and administrative capacity, have documented the decade of operation of the school with a website as well as a youtube video Harlem Prep Step by Step and a book A Way Out of No Way: Transforming Dropouts Into Scholars, 1967-1977. |
Alternative schools; Education; Harlem Preparatory school (Harlem Prep); Hillary Chapman; Hussein Ahdieh; New York, USA; United States (USA) | |
1963 Jan
196- |
The publication of Freedom of Religion on Trial in Morocco: The Nador Case by Bahá'í International Community. It was a report on the situation in Morocco to that point in time. | Bahá'í International Community; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1963 20 Apr
196- |
The number of believers in East and Central Africa numbered well over 40.000 with half of these in the Congo. Similar growth could be seen in countries like British Cameroons, Ethiopia, and Northern Rhodesia. Bahá'ís now resided in well over 30 countries and territories, and consisted largely of tribal peoples that had entered the Faith through the combined efforts of international and native pioneers. The end of the Ten Year Crusade left Africa spiritually and politically transformed. Devoted individuals, operating in daunting conditions, had succeeded in establishing the Faith on the continent while preparing for the next phase in its advancement—continued large-scale expansion would be accompanied by the formation and strengthening of the foundational institutions of the Faith. [A Brief Account of the Progress of the Bahá'í Faith in Africa Since 1953 by Nancy Oloro-Robarts and Selam Ahderom p6-7] | - Africa; British Cameroon; Congo, Democratic Republic of; Ethiopia; Northern Rhodesia; Shoghi Effendi, Works of; Statistics | |
1968 Ridván
196- |
Sudan, Somalia and Ethiopia formed their own regional assembly. Those elected to serve were: Gila Michael Bahta, Dr. Leo Neiderreitter, Gamal Rushdy, Asfaw Tessema, Dr. Heshmat Farhoumand, Dr. Hushang Ahdieh, Ursula Samandari, Assefaw Habte Michael and Rabbi Teele Mariam. [Wikipedia] | Ethiopia; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Somalia; Sudan | |
1969 15 Jun - 15 Sep
196- |
Hand of the Cause Ali-Akbar Furutan travelled throughout the width and breadth of North America. This was part of an eight-month world teaching trip during which he visited New York, Dallas, Fort Worth, Memphis, Washington DC, and the National Centre in Wilmette while he was in the United States. In addition he taught at Baha'i Schools at Green Acre, Camp Dorothy Walls in Black Mountain, North Carolina as well as Davison in Michigan and Geyserville in California and he attended three deepening conferences, two in Juneau and Anchorage, Alaska and one in Halifax, Nova Scotia. While in Canada he visited St. Johns, Newfoundland, Vancouver, British Columbia and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan and he taught at summer schools at Laurentian, Sylvan Lake, the Pacific Youth Institutes and he attended the Continental Indian Conference held at Fort Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan. [BN No 466 January 1970 p3-4] |
`Alí-Akbar Furútan; Canada; Hands of the Cause, Activities; United States (USA) | |
1961 Ridán
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of North East Africa had been led by the former National Spiritual Assembly of Egypt and Sudan since 1956. In 1960 difficulties in Egypt made it impossible to administer territories outside of the country so a regional administrative committee was formed and this, in turn, was replaced with the new (regional) National Spiritual Assembly of Ethiopia with its headquarters in Addis Abba. [BW13p287] | Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Ethiopia; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of West Central Africa was formed with its seat in Victoria, (now Limbe) in the Cameroon Republic and had the following countries under its jurisdiction: Spanish Guinea, Fernando Po Island, Corisco Island, São Tomé and Principe Islands, Nigeria, Niger, Dahomey, Togo, and Ghana. [BW14p96] | Cameroon; Limbé, Camaroon; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | |
1967 Ridván
196- |
The existing National Spiritual Assembly of North West Africa that had been formed in 1956 and was split into two regions in 1964 was again divided. The Spiritual Assembly of the North West Africa region with its seat moved to Rabat now included the following countries: Morocco, Mauritania, Rio de Oro, Spanish Sahara, Ifni, Madeira, and the Canary Islands. [BW15p188] | Canary Islands, Spain; Ifni, Morocco; Madeira; Mauritania; Morocco; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Rabát, Morocco; Rio de Oro, Spanish Sahara; Spanish Sahara | |
1968 (In the year)
196- |
A Bahá'í Publishing Trust, Maison d 'Edition, for the publication of Bahá'í literature in the French language, was formed at Brussels by the Belgian National Assembly, thus accomplishing a major goal of the Nine Year Plan. [BW14p95] | - Publishing Trusts; Belgium; Brussels, Belgium | |
1966 (In the year)
196- |
In 1966, as part of the Lamp Unto My Feet series, an ecumenical religious program that was produced by CBS Television and broadcast from 1948 to 1979 on Sunday mornings, the episode And His Name Shall Be One was aired. The film was used by Bahá'ís throughout the world. [BW14p93] | - Documentaries; - Film; And His Name Shall Be One (film); Television; United States (USA) | |
1969 5 Aug - 1970 11 Mar
196- |
The itinerary for the first leg of the Great African Safari was as follows:
|
Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum, Journeys of; Benin; Central African Republic; Chad; Ethiopia; Ghana; Great African Safari; Kenya; Mafia Island; Niger; Nigeria; Tanzania; Togo; Uganda; Violette Nakhjavani | |
1963 - 1964
196- |
1963 - 1963 was a Year of Preparation and a time to consolidate the victories of the Ten Year Crusade. [Mess63-86pxli] | * Teaching Plans | |
1963 - 1986
196- |
The end of the Second Epoch and the beginning of The Third Epoch of the Formative Age. [Message from the Universal House of Justice dated 5 February 1986; Mess63-86 p710-716]
|
Cycles, Eras, Ages and Epochs; Formative Age | |
1960 13 Nov
196- |
The Hands of the Cause in the Holy Land sent ballots to all National and Regional Assemblies containing a ballot kit for each member. The secretaries were to collect the ballots and mail them to the World Centre for arrival before the 21st of April. Once received they sent a message of acknowledgment. [MoC245, 282] | - Bahá'í World Centre; International Bahá'í Council | |
1960 Feb
196- |
The National Promulgation Committee consisted of Fred Graham, Douglas Martin, Donald Dainty with Jeanie Seddon as secretary. [CBC No 121 February 1960 p2]
|
Promulgation Campaign | |
1968 9 Oct
196- |
The Universal House of Justice addressed its second letter to Bahá'í Youth. [BW15:324; WG152–4; 9 October 1968] | - Bahá'í World Centre; - Youth; Universal House of Justice | |
1969 Jul
196- |
With regard to the classification of Bahá'í books,
in most libraries the listing is according to the
Dewey Decimal Classification system employed by the
National Library of Congress. While the classification
is not yet satisfactory from the Bahá'í standpoint,
considerable improvement has been made since the early
days of the Faith. The National Spiritual Assembly advised its community that it will continue to follow up with the National
Library of Congress for further improvement.
The proper call number of Bahá'í literature is 297.89. The number 297 is given to Islam, and religions under that parentage are listed in that same general sequence. While the Bahá'í Faith is not a branch of Islam, our roots are in that faith, as the roots of Christianity were within Judaism. Most Bahá'í books published in North America under Bahá'í auspices will have the proper call number along with the copyright information inside the front cover. It was recognized that the changing classifications of library listings is a very serious matter and once any change is made it must remain in effect a very long time in order to avoid the tremendous confusion that frequent changes and revisions would create in the library system involving thousands of local public libraries throughout the country. For this reason they asked that the community not make an issue of this, but can be helpful by calling the attention of local librarians to the proper classification of Baha'i books with the above given number. [Bahá'í National Review Issue 19 July 1969 p4-5] |
Dewey Decimal Classification; Libraries; United States (USA) | |
1967 24 Dec
196- |
Amatu'l-Baha Ruhiyyih Khanum, after laying the cornerstone of the Temple and attending the Panama Conference, spent nearly a month visiting the Native communities in Panama.
On November 2nd, she left Panama on a tour which took her to Bolivia, Peru, Chile, Uruguay and Paraguay, and which lasted close to three months. Her visit to Argentina included a visit on December 24th to the grave of her mother in the cemetery of Quilmes, a suburb of Buenos Aires. May Maxwell had succumbed to a heart attack while on a teaching trip to expand the Faith in South America. It was Amatu'l-Baha Ruhiyyih Khanum's first visit to the grave of her mother. A donation on behalf of the Canadian Bahá'í community was sent to purchase flowers for the grave site for the occasion of the visit. Sixteen dozen roses of different colours were chosen by Maralyn Dunbar, wife of Hooper Dunbar, South America Auxiliary Board Member, who ably carried out this commission for the Canadian National Spiritual Assembly. A representative group held a commemorative service at the Shrine in Montreal. Gathered in the Master's room of the former Maxwell home were Hand of the Cause John Robarts and Mrs. Robarts, National Assembly member Rowland Estall, Shrine Committee members Mr. and Mrs. Underwood and Heather, and Montreal Local Assembly Chairman Jessie Harkness. [CBN No 217 Feb-Mar 1968 p1] An account of the event, essentially by Ruhiyyih Khanum and titled Roots of the Cause in the West, our Dawnbreaker, May Maxwell was serialized in the Canadian Bahá'ì News. [CBN 227 Feb/Mar 1969, CBN No 228 Apr 1969 and CBN No 229 May 1969] |
Buenos Aires, Argentina; May Maxwell; Montreal, QC; Ruhiyyih Khanum | |
1966 (In the Year)
196- |
Egyptian security services have exploited the decree to orchestrate six major crackdowns on the Bahá'í community , in 1965, 1967, 1970, 1972,1985 and 2001. The authorities arrested a total of 236 Egyptian Bahá'ís in these crackdowns, on grounds that they had violated the decree or on charges of "contempt of religion" On the few occasions on which arrests were followed by prosecutions, none of the defendants were ever found guilty of violating Law 263/1960 or any other law." from "IV. Egypt's Baha'is and the Policy of Erasure" in Prohibited Identities: State Interference with Religious Freedom by Human Rights Watch. | Persecution, Egypt | |
1967 (In the Year)
196- |
Egyptian security services have exploited the decree to orchestrate six major crackdowns on the Bahá'í community , in 1965, 1967, 1970, 1972,1985 and 2001. The authorities arrested a total of 236 Egyptian Bahá'ís in these crackdowns, on grounds that they had violated the decree or on charges of "contempt of religion" On the few occasions on which arrests were followed by prosecutions, none of the defendants were ever found guilty of violating Law 263/1960 or any other law." from "IV. Egypt's Baha'is and the Policy of Erasure" in Prohibited Identities: State Interference with Religious Freedom by Human Rights Watch. | Persecution, Egypt | |
1961 14 Apr
196- |
The knowledge of the arrest of the 14 believers was received but the Custodians at the World Centre via the publication of an article in the newspaper Le Courier du Maroc. They were in communications with the 44 National Assemblies at the time and asked them to bring pressure on the Moroccan authorities and to pray for the protection and release of the prisoners. The Custodians took the position that no attack should be made on the central authorities but rather the blame should rest on a small, fanatical, prejudiced and misinformed group of local leaders who did not seem to be under the control of the central authority in Rabat.
The Bahá'í International Community made representation at the United Nations. [MoC17-18] |
- Persecution; Court cases; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1969 16 Oct
196- |
Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khám had an audience with His Imperial Majesty Haile Selassie I. She was accompanied by the Chairman of the National Spiritual Assembly, Gila Bahia and her companion, Violet Nakhjavani. His Majesty's Secretary translated between Amharic during the half-hour interview. Before departing she presented him with a small silver box and he reciprocated with a small case with a gold medal commemorating his coronation.
Later that afternoon, a distinguished Bahá'í of Addis Ababa, Mr Gayem Belay visited her at her hotel to express his sentiments. "I have come to thank you on behalf of all the Bahá'ís. Today you have entered the heavy iron gates which are now wide open before us. Today, though there are no signs of any clouds, the rain of God's grace and the bounties of Bahá'u'lláh have been showered upon us and have refreshed and revived us." [GAF27-32] |
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Ethiopia; Gayem Belay; Haile Selassie I. | |
1966 Apr
196- |
The goal for the Nine Year Plan for Greenland was to have one group in the capital, Nuuk (Godthab) and a Bahá’í, living in one other locality. At the time Bill Carr, a Canadian Bahá’í, was on the American Air Force Base in Thule as a civilian, and the first Greenlandic Bahá’í, Hendrik Olsen, was living in Sisimiut approximately 600 kilometres from Nuuk. Pioneers from Stockhiolm, the Nielsen family, John and Lotus with children Grace (9) and younger children Lisbeth and Patricia managed to get to Nuuk just in time to fulfill the goal. [BW20p1019] | Grace Neilsen; Greenland; John Neilsen; Lisbeth Neilsen; Lotus Neilsen; Nuuk, Greenland; Patricia Neilsen; Placeholdern2 | |
1968 24 Jun
196- |
The Universal House of Justice made the first appointments to the Continental Board of Counsellors. [Mess63-86 No 60] | Counsellors | |
1965 Ridván
196- |
The Universal Houser of Justice announced the establishment of the International Deputization Fund at the World Centre under the administration of the Universal House of Justice. From it supplementary support will be given to specific pioneering projects when other funds are not available. All friends, and particularly those who are unable to respond to the pioneer call are invited to support this Fund, mindful of the injunction of Bahá'u'lláh,:
In a message to all National Assemblies the Universal House of Justice asked them to take an active role in facilitating the selection and appointment of suitable pioneers and traveling teachers by providing a link between those wishing to deputize, and those qualified and ready to be deputized. Prior to the directive requests were handled by the Continental Pioneer Committee. [20 April 1990] In 1998-99 the deputization was expanded to include the support of those serving as teachers in a Training Institute. [1 June 1998; 24 August 1999] |
Deputization; Funds, International; Training Institutes | |
1968 13 Sep
196- |
The passing of Wellesley Tudor Pole (b. 23 April 1884 in Weston Super Mare, UK) in Hurstpierpoint, Sussex, UK.
Wellesley Tudor Pole first encountered 'Abdu'l-Bahá in Alexandria during His first sojourn in Egypt in 1910. At that time he wanted to find out more about the Faith and 'Abdu'l-Bahá. He met 'Abdu'l-Bahá many times over many years, specifically in Palestine in 1918 when he was able to assist in the protection 'Abdu'l-Bahá's home against the occupying Turks. [The Servant, the General and Armageddon by Roderick and Derwent Maude] |
- Biography; - In Memoriam; Hurstpierpoint, England; Sussex, England; United Kingdom; United Kingdom; Wellesley Tudor Pole; Weston-super-Mare, England | |
1967 Dec
196- |
American pioneers Dempsey and Adrienne Morgan moved to Chad from Uganda. In the year which followed 686 believers in seven localities joyfully accepted the Faith of Bahá'u'lláh. They left after Ridván 1968. According to their account some 1,600 had enrolled as Bahá'ís during their time there. [Bahá'í National Review Issue 22 October 1969 p3; Servants of the Glory page 35-43] | Adrienne Morgan; Dempsey Morgan; Fort Lamy, Chad; Ndjamena, Chad | |
1969 Aug
196- |
New Statistics
based on information received from
the Universal House of Justice: Countries Opened to the Faith: Independent countries ..... 139 Significant territories and islands .................. 173 Totals ................. 312
Number of Localities where
Bahá'ís Reside:
Number of Administrative
Bodies: Number of languages into which Bahá'í literature has been translated ..... 428 Bahá'í schools and institutes-worldwide ........ 109 Sites acquired for future houses of worship ....... 51 Number of tribes and minority groups representedworldwide .............. 1,136 [Bahá'í National Review Issue 20 August 1969 p16] |
Statistics | |
1960 May
196- |
The National Library Placement Committee offered to place one or two books in local libraries on behalf of any Assembly or group upon request. They could choose one or two titles from among the following three: The Promise of All Ages, Christ and Bahá'u'lláh, or Portals to Freedom and the committee would send the books directly to the library. [CBN No 124 May 1960 p4]
|
National Library Placement Committee | |
1968 10 Dec
196- |
The Louis G. Gregory Award for Service to Humanity was established by the National Spiritual Assembly in 1968. The first recipients, honoured at a banquet in the Washington Hilton and sponsored by the North American Bahá'í Office for Human Rights (NABOHR, were the Xerox Corporation and Clark M. Eichelberger.
Mr. Eichelberger, Chairman of the Commission to Study the Organization of Peace, will receive the award for his accomplishments in the field of human rights over a period of many years. He was a consultant to the League of Nations Secretariat and was a member of a committee to prepare the first U.S. working draft of the United Nations Charter. He was a consultant to the U.S. delegation to the 1945 Conference in San Francisco to organize the United Nations. His most recent effort was overseeing the drafting and presentation of a special report on The United Nations and Human Rights. He is the author of four books on the U.N. The Xerox Corporation was selected because of its sponsorship of the television series Of Black America and its other outstanding efforts in behalf of human rights. [Bahá'í National Review Issue 12 December 1968 p3; Bahá'í National Review Issue 14 February 1969 p10] |
Louis G. Gregory; Louis G. Gregory Award for Service to Humanity; Race amity; Washington, DC, USA | |
1968 Jul
196- |
In the United States a "Bahá'í Teacher and Speaker List" was compiled for distribution to goals committees and assemblies. 600 people were approached for inclusion on the list. [Bahá'í National Review Issue 13 January 1969 p7] | Bahá'í Teacher and Speaker List; United States (USA) | |
1968 Jul
196- |
The meaning of "Just Government" was clarified by The Universal House of Justice. The reply sent to an individual called attention to a letter to a believer dated
September 7, 1937 in which the beloved Guardian said:
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Government; Guns | |
1968
196- |
Twenty years prior, on December 10, 1948, the United Nations General Assembly adopted and proclaimed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. To mark this event the UN General Assembly unanimously designated the whole of this year, 1968, as International Human Rights Year.
The Bahá'í Communities of North America, on the occasion of the world-wide commemoration of the one hundredth anniversary of the call to the world's leaders to establish universal peace through justice and unity by Bahá'u'lláh, observed 1968 as the International Year for Human Rights. At the Bahá'í Intercontinental Conference in Chicago the Bahá'ís affirmed that in accordance with the Teachings of Bahá'u'lláh, human rights are God given rights. |
Human rights | |
1968 Apr
196- |
An article honouring the Centenary of Bahá'u'lláh's Proclamation to the Kings and religious leaders of the world appeared in the April 1968 issue of Ebony Magazine. The article included a number of colour photographs taken during the recent Bahá'í Intercontinental Conference in Kampala, Uganda. Auxiliary Board member Mrs. Beth McKenty was instrumental in getting the article and has worked with Ebony on the material.
|
Auxiliary board members; Beth McKenty; Ebony magazine; Proclamation; United States (USA) | |
1967 (In the year)
196- |
The Universal House of Justice provided the following guidance on the use of "Bahá'í Faith" and "Bahá'í World Faith." The following excerpt is from a letter from the
Universal House of Justice to the National Spiritual Assembly of Great Britain published in their Bahá'í Journal No. 178, February - March 1967.
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Bahá'í Faith (term); Bahá'í World Faith (term) | |
1969 12 Nov
196- |
The world premiere of the film A New Wind, written and directed by George C Stoney and distributed by the Public Information Committee of the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of the United States. The National Spiritual
Assembly approved an initial
showing of the film in forty cities and
ten colleges across the United States. A second premiere showing of the film
was on World Religion Day, January 18th, 1970, in forty different cities
and ten different colleges.
The film shows scenes from the Holy Land, as well as Bahá'í communities in India, Japan and in the United States, depicting Bahá'ís in their gatherings and firesides, in their daily lives and personal activities. It demonstrates the unity in diversity so characteristic of the Faith and portrays, in twenty- eight minutes of screen time, the spirit and scope of a fast-growing worldwide religious community. [National Bahá'í Review Issue 21 September 1969 p10; National Bahá'í Review Issue 23 November 1961 p13; National Bahá'í Review Issue 47 November 1972 p2] |
- Film; A New Wind (film); George Stoney; United States (USA) | |
1962 11 Oct
196- |
The opening of the Second Ecumenical Council of the Vatican, commonly known as the Second Vatican Council, or Vatican II at the Vatican. It was the 21st ecumenical council of the Roman Catholic Church. The council met in St. Peter's Basilica in Rome for four periods (or sessions), each lasting between 8 and 12 weeks, in the autumn of each of the four years 1962 to 1965. (11 October 1962 - 8 December 1965)
Pope John XXIII called the Council because he felt the Church needed "updating". In order to connect with 20th century people in an increasingly secularized world, some of the Church's practices needed to be improved, and its teaching needed to be presented in a way that would appear relevant and understandable to them. Roman Catholic bishops at the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965) called for outlawing war by international consent and creating a universal public authority that would safeguard security, justice, and human rights. In their encyclicals, Pope John XXIII, Pope Benedict XVI, and Pope Francis have stated that there is an urgent need for a true world political authority that would be regulated by law, observe the principles of subsidiarity and solidarity, promote human development, manage globalization, and establish the common good. [Wikipedia; Black News 6FEB2022] |
Ecumenism; Italy; Rome, Italy; Second Vatican Council; Vatican City | |
1962 24 Jul
196- |
It was announced that the sixth Conclave of the Hands of the Cause of God was postponed until April 1963. [MoC362] | - Bahá'í World Centre; - Hands of the Cause; Bahji, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Hands of the Cause, Conclaves | |
1969 (In the year)
196- |
The Italian Bahá'í Publishing Trust was formed fulfilling one of the goals of the Nine Year Plan. By that time a great number of Bahá'í Sacred Writings and books had been translated into Italian, old translations were revised and commentaries on the Faith were written by Italian believers. [BN No 468 March 1970 p16] | - Publishing Trusts; Italy | |
1969 Jul - Aug
196- |
The European Dawnbreakers' Show, ''A Plea for One World," was conceived at a Swiss winter school by four young Baha'is from four countries. The original idea of a singing group blossomed into thirty-two Baha'is from ten countries presenting the message of Baha'u'lláh through mime, songs, Baha'i scripture, and documented narrations. A total of eighteen performances were given in The Netherlands, Germany, and Belgium. The five-week tour was organized by the Baha'i youth in Europe and supported by the National Spiritual Assembly of Germany [BN No 466 January 1970 p14] | - Drama; Belgium; European Dawnbreakers Show; Germany; Netherlands; Proclamation; Switzerland; Teaching; Winter schools | |
1969 Apr
196- |
The Bahá'í Faith was banned in Algeria by official decree, all Bahá'í institutions were disbanded and the National Spiritual Assembly dissolved. [BW15:189; BW19:41]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Bans; - Persecution, Other; Algeria; NSA; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Persecution, Algeria | |
1967 25 Dec
196- |
The passing of Knight of Bahá'u'lláh Charles Dunning (b.27 March, 1885 need Leeds). [BW14p305-308]
|
- Biography; - Births and deaths; - In Memoriam; - Knights of Bahá'u'lláh; Cardiff, Wales; United Kingdom; Wales, UK | |
1967 11 Dec
196- |
The Bahá'í Campus Club was inaugurated at the University of New Brunswick. | Bahá'í associations; Canada; Moncton, NB; New Brunswick, Canada; Universities | |
1963 31 Jul
196- |
The passing of Dr Genevieve Coy (b.1886) in Harare, Zimbabwe. [Bahá'í Chronicles, Baha'i Heroes & Heroines,
grave]
|
- Biography; - In Memoriam; Genevieve Coy; Harare, Zimbabwe; Zimbabwe | |
1960 3 Aug
196- |
Cable from the Hands of the Cause of God announcing the expulsion as Covenant Breakers of John Carre, Barnard Fillon, Moneer Darakhshan, Joel Marangella, Jaques Soghomonian, Donald Harvey, John Byers and Mary Wilkin. [MoC223] | - Bahá'í World Centre; Barnard Fillon; Covenant-breaking; Custodians; Donald Harvey; Jaques Soghomonian; Joel Marangella; Joel Marangella; John Byers; John Carre; Mary Wilkin; Moneer Darakhshan | |
1969 10 Jul
196- |
The Universal House of Justice announced an increase in the total number of members of the Continental Boards of Counsellors for the Protection and Propagation of the Faith to thirty-eight. [MUHJ63-86] | - Bahá'í World Centre; Counsellors; Statistics | |
1967 (In the year)
196- |
The Universal House of Justice published a compilation of Bahá'u'lláh's messages titled The Proclamation of Bahá'u'lláh to the Kings and Leaders of the World to mark the 100th anniversary of the inception of that proclamation. Bahá'í institutions worldwide were asked to present the book to the leaders of government in their respective countries. Some 140 Heads of State received a copy. [MUHJ63-86p113] | * Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Publications; - Bahá'í World Centre; - Proclamation of Bahá'u'lláh (book); - Tablets to kings and rulers | |
1966 7 Apr
196- |
The passing of Ali Kuli Khan (b. Káshán Persia, about 1879) in Washington, DC. [BW14p351]
|
- Biography; - Births and deaths; - In Memoriam; `Alí Kulí Khán; Iran; Kashan, Iran; United States (USA); Washington, DC, USA | |
1969 4 Aug
196- |
Hand of the Cause Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum and her companion, Violette Nakhjavání, arrived in Kampala, Uganda, at the start of the 'Great African Safari'. [BN No 468 March 1970 p2-12]
On August 5, 1969, the wheels of our plane touched down at Entebbe airport, Kampala, Uganda—at last the long-promised visit of Amatu'l-Bahá to the believers of Africa was commencing. In 1961, at the time when she dedicated the Mother Temple of Africa for public worship, Rúḥíyyih Khánum promised the friends to come back and really visit them, touring as many Centres as possible. After nine years, this has now been fulfilled.[BW15p594] It was the start of a four-leg journey that took the Hand of the Cause to 34 African countries, travelling 36,000 miles, addressing 40,000 people including 19 heads of state in some 400 gatherings. Beginning her Safari in East Africa, she crossed the whole breadth of the continent to the Gambia, turned back to the center of the Congo, and went down to the tip of South Africa in Cape Town before returning to East Africa. She met nineteen Heads of State among them Emperor Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia, President Hamani Diori of Niger, President Dr. William V.S Tubman of Liberia, King Motlotletlehi Sobhuza II of Swaziland, President Gregoire Kayibanda of Rwanda, and President Kenneth Kaunda of Zambia. These travels lead to significant exposure of the Faith in the public domain, from governments to civil leaders to mass media, propelling the development of national institutions across the continent in a new dimension of work. One can say these events greatly contributed to the emergence of the Faith from obscurity in Africa.[A Brief Account of the Progress of the Bahá'í Faith in Africa Since 1953 by Nancy Oloro-Robarts and Selam Ahderom p9] |
Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum, Journeys of; George Ronald; Great African Safari; Kampala, Uganda; Uganda; Violette Nakhjavani | |
1967 24 - 26 Mar
196- |
The Arctic Policy Conference was held in Toronto. Present were 16 attendees, Hand of the Cause John Robarts, representatives of the National Spiritual Assembly, the Auxiliary Board, the National Pioneer Committee and individuals involved in the teaching work in the Arctic. It was decided to establish Bahá'í houses in Frobisher Bay in the District of Franklin, Baker Lake in the District of Keewatin and Yellowknife in the District of Mackenzie. [SDSC278]
|
Baker Lake, NU; Canada; Frobisher Bay, NU; Haziratul-Quds (Bahá'í centres); John Robarts; Toronto, ON; Yellowknife, NT | |
1969 (In the year)
196- |
Owing to the increased flow of pilgrims, the pilgrim house in Haifa was converted to a pilgrim centre and the decision was taken to accommodate pilgrims in hotels. [DH178] | - Bahá'í World Centre; Haifa, Israel; Pilgrim House, Eastern (Haifa); Pilgrim Houses; Pilgrimage; Pilgrims | |
1969 (In the year)
196- |
Fifteen youth enrolled at Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, the beginning of a process in which over 300 people become Bahá'ís. [BW15:218] | Mayaguez, Puerto Rico; Puerto Rico | |
1968 (Late in the year)
196- |
Two Chilean Bahá'ís, Aníbal Soto, a telegraph operator in the Chilean Navy and his wife, Norma Soto, were posted to a Chilean base in Antarctica. | - Pioneers; Antarctica | |
1968 7 Nov
196- |
Sixteen Persian Bahá'ís in Algeria were expelled from the country and their properties confiscated; native Algerian Bahá'ís were put under restrictions and five were exiled to the Sahara and the eastern mountain regions. [BW15:172; BWIM114]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Court cases; - Persecution, Other; Algeria; Court cases; Human rights; Persecution, Algeria | |
1968 4 Nov
196- |
Following the participation of Algerian Bahá'ís in the first Oceanic Conference in Palermo, Sicily, and subsequent international news coverage, foreign Bahá'ís in Algeria were summoned by the police and interrogated. [BW15:172] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Algeria; Persecution, Algeria | |
1968 24 Oct
196- |
The Moroccan Bahá'í, Mr. Allal Rouhani, was sentenced to three years' imprisonment in January 1968 appelled and his sentence was extended to four years. [BW15:172]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Court cases; Court cases; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1968 9 Oct
196- |
The widowed mother of seven children was sentenced to six months' imprisonment in Morocco for refusing to deny her faith. [BW15:172]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution, Court cases; Court cases; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1966 27 Oct
196- |
The passing of Loulie Albee Mathews (b. October 12, 1869, New Castle, New Hampshire) in Colorado Springs, Colorado. She was buried in the Memorial Gardens Cemetery and Mausoleum, Colorado Springs, Colorado. [Wikitree]
|
- Biography; Loulie A. Mathews | |
1968 (Approximate date)
196- |
Našrīya was a news bulletin of the Local Spiritual Assembly of Tehran. It was distributed free of charge to each Bahá'í family in Tehran every 19 days. It functioned for a dozen years and kept its readers informed of the major news and developments in the Bahá'í community of Tehran. [BAHAISM v. The Bahai Community in Iran by V. Rafati] | * Publications; Iran; Nasriya | |
1967 (In the year)
196- |
The beginning of the publication of a magazine for the Bahá'í children of Iran called Varqā. The magazine was published regularly each month until 1979 and was supported by subscribers all over the country and abroad. It played a significant role in the educational and intellectual life of Persian Bahá'í children for more than a decade. After the 1979 revolution, the magazine has continued to be published in India. [BAHAISM v. The Bahai Community in Iran by V. Rafati] | * Publications; Iran; Varqa | |
1967 12 Nov
196- |
The dedication of two schools founded by Bahá'ís in Odusai and Tilling Uganda. (Note: Tilling was where the home of Hand of the Cause Olinga was located.) [CG70-71]
|
- Bahá'í inspired schools; Odusai, Uganda; Tilling, Uganda; Uganda; Uganda | |
1964 (Unsure of date)
196- |
Rex and Mary Collision, Knights of Bahá'u'lláh for Ruanda-Urandi (now the independent countries of Rwanda and Burundi), returned to the United States after three year's service at the Temple in Kampala.
|
Kampala, Uganda; Mary Collison; Rex Collison; Uganda | |
1960 31 May
196- |
In a letter addressed to all National Assemblies in the Western Hemisphere and to the Auxiliary Boards, the Hands of the Faith Corrine True, Hermann Grossmann, and William Sears provided an update on the activities of Charles Mason Remey. Some salient points were:
|
Charles Mason Remey; Corinne True; Covenant-breaking; Custodians; Guardianship; Hermann Grossmann; William Sears | |
1960 30 Apr
196- |
The unveiling of Statue of a Liberated Woman by sculptor Fuad Abdurahmanov (b. 28 April, 1915 in Shaki, d. 15 June, 1971 Baku) The statue stands in central Baku and depicts a woman casting off her veil. It is said to have been influenced by the story of Tahirih. [BWNS1150]
|
Azerbaijan; Bahá'í World News Service (BWNS); Bandar Anzali, Iran; Fuad Abdurahmanov; Statue of a Liberated Woman; Tahirih Qurratu'l-'Ayn; Veils | |
1964 - 1965
196- |
A Bahá'í Publishing Trust for the provision of literature in the French language was established in Brussels. [Riḍván 1965] | - Publishing Trusts; Belgium; Brussels, Belgium | |
1966 (In the year)
196- |
In Iraq the national and one local Ḥaẓíratu'l-Quds were seized and the activities of the friends were severely restricted. [Ridván Message, 1966] | Persecution, Iraq | |
1964 8 Mar
196- |
A cable was sent from Temuco, Chile to the Bahá'í World Centre by Hand of the Cause Jalál Kházeh announcing that mass teaching had started among the Mapuche tribes in Cautin province in southern Chile. As of that time there were close to 9,000 Mapuche believers and more than 90 local spiritual assemblies in the provinces of Cautin, Malleco and Arauco. [BN 136 April 1979 p4-5] | Chile; Jalal Khazeh; Mapuche people; Mass teaching; Temuco, Chile | |
1967 Dec
196- |
The Universal House of Justice in a letter addressed to all National Assemblies expressed the need for letters written by the Guardian to them or to their subsidiary institutions as well as to the friends under their jurisdiction. The Universal House of Justice asked for copies of the letters, offered to assist in making the copies and gave the option of sending the letter or copies directly to the World Centre if the subject matter was personal. [CBN No 297 Aug/Sep 1975 p14]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Archives; Shoghi Effendi, Works of; Shoghi Effendi, Writings of | |
1963 (In the year)
196- |
15 years after the establishment of Israel and during the course of the unrest that swept through Iran in response to a set of far-reaching reforms launched by Muhammad-Ridá Sháh, Ayatollah Khomeini and the Association of Iranian Clerics, in two separate declarations, denounced Bahá'ís as agents and representatives of Israel, and demanded their severe repression. During the 1960s and 70s almost everything that troubled Iranian clerics was seen as evidence of a Bahá'í-Israeli plot against Islam. The Shah, who was harshly rebuked by the 'ulama for his regime's strong ties with Israel, was accused of being a Bahá'í because of some of the reforms he had introduced, notably his giving voting rights to women, and providing blue-collar industrial workers with a share of the profits earned by their companies. Various cultural events launched by the administration, some of which had clear Western tones, were seen as Bahá'í plots to undermine the Islamic identity of Iranians. Iranian ministers and courtiers were almost collectively accused of being Bahá'ís. Even Iran's notorious intelligence agency, SAVAK, whose strong anti-leftist agenda had naturally led to its inclination to recruit people with Islamic ties, and which had obvious connections with the Hujjatieh society – the self-professed arch-enemies of the Bahá'ís – was seen as nothing more than a Bahá'í puppet. Consequently, the 1979 Islamic Revolution came about not just as an uprising against the Shah, but supposedly as a reaction to an Israeli-Bahá'í threat. [Iran Press Watch 1407] |
* Persecution, Iran; - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; - Shahs; Ayatollah Khomeini; Conspiracy theories; History (general); Iran; Iran, General history; Israel; Mohammed Reza Shah Pahlavi; Reform | |
1969 1 Jan
196- |
The Fredericton Bahá'í community became a registered charitable organization. | Canada; Charitable organizations; Fredericton, NB; New Brunswick, Canada | |
1964 Apr
196- |
The Universal House of Justice, in its message of 24 April, 1964 called for the acquisition of thirty-two Teaching Institutes during the Nine Year Plan (1964-1973) in areas where there was large-scale teaching. | - Bahá'í World Centre; Nine Year Plan (1964-1973); Teaching institutes | |
1968 7 Jul
196- |
The passing of Hand of the Cause Hermann Grossmann in Neckargemünd, near Heidelberg, (b.16 February, 1899) [BW15p416-421]
|
- Biography; - Births and deaths; - Hands of the Cause; - In Memoriam; Germany; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Hands of the Cause, First Contingent; Hermann Grossmann; Neckargemünd, Germany | |
10 May
196- |
The passing of F. St. George Spendlove (b. 23 April, 1897 in Montreal) in Toronto. [BW13p895-899]
|
- Biography; - In Memoriam; Canada; George Spendlove; Montreal, QC; Toronto, ON | |
1962 (In the year)
196- |
Emeric Sala, made a visit to several islands in the Indian Ocean and reported that there were some 400 Bahá'ís in Mauritius of Indian, Moslem, Chinese, Creole and French descent. [TG163] | Emeric Sala; Mauritius | |
1967 29 Oct
196- |
The launch of the Centenary of Bahá'u'lláh's proclamation to the kings and the rulers in Toronto. A 30-minute memorial service for Catherine Huxtable was added to the program that included an eulogy by Michael Rochester. [LNW176-179] |
- Tablets to kings and rulers; Canada; Catherine Huxtable; Centenaries; Toronto, ON | |
1966 12 Dec
196- |
The Hand of the Cause John Robarts departed Africa from Cape Town after a stay of nearly 13 years. They were recalled from their pioneer post by the Universal House of Justice to help Canada win the goals of the Nine Year Plan. The objective was to raise 154 local assemblies by 1973 but the count had fallen from 68 to only 50, eighteen less than the number won during the Ten Year Plan and 104 short of the objective. [LNW158] | - Hands of the Cause; Canada; Cape Town, South Africa; John Robarts; South Africa | |
1967 25 Oct
196- |
The passing of Canadian pioneer Catherine Huxtable (b. 6 January, 1932 Carlwood, Surrey, England) at her home in Jamestown, St Helena. Her life had been shortened due to muscular dystrophy. She, husband Cliff and son Gavin had arrived on St. Helena some nineteen months before. [LNW169, BW14p313-315]
|
- Biography; - In Memoriam; Catherine Huxtable; Clifford Huxtable; Gavin Huxtable; Jamestown, NY; St. Helena | |
1960 s, early
196- |
Two Bahá'í primary schools were opened in Uganda. | - Bahá'í inspired schools; Uganda | |
1960 (In the year)
196- |
Bahá'ís in Angola were detained and questioned by officials.
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Deaths; Angola; Persecution, Angola | |
1960 (In the decade)
196- |
A number of Bahá'í primary schools were opened in Bolivia. | - Bahá'í inspired schools; Bolivia | |
1960 Ridván c.
196- |
Hand of the Cause Charles Mason Remey claimed he was the second, 'hereditary' Guardian of the Bahá'í Faith. [BW13:397; BW16:90; SS49]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Guardianship; Haifa, Israel; Joel Marangella | |
1960 Ridván
196- |
The Custodians announced that the Bahá'í Faith was represented in over 256 territories and was established in over 5,800 localities; there were 31 national spiritual assemblies and nearly 1,500 local spiritual assemblies; and Bahá'í literature is in 268 languages. [Mc183–96] | - Worldwide; Custodians; Growth; Statistics; Ten Year Crusade (1953-1963) | |
1960 27 Apr
196- |
The International Bahá'í Council by unanimous vote rejected the claim of Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [MC206–7] | Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Guardianship; Haifa, Israel; International Bahá'í Council | |
1960 28 Apr
196- |
The Custodians called upon all believers to join the Hands in repudiation of the claims of Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [MC196–7] | Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Custodians; Guardianship; Haifa, Israel | |
1960 30 Apr – 10 May
196- |
Twenty–four national spiritual assemblies and five national conventions sent messages of support to the Custodians, repudiating the claim made by Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [MC199–202]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Custodians; France; Guardianship; Haifa, Israel; National Spiritual Assembly | |
1960 5 May
196- |
Hand of the Cause Abu'l-Qásim Faizí was sent by the Custodians to France to meet with the National Spiritual Assembly and Bahá'ís of France. He was accompanied by Auxiliary Board Member Dr Aziz Navidi. [MC197]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; - Hands of the Cause; Abu'l-Qasim Faizi; Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; France; Guardianship; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Joel Marangella; National Spiritual Assembly | |
1960 12 – 31 May
196- |
Six national spiritual assemblies sent messages of support to the Custodians, repudiating the claim made by Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [MC207–8] | Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Guardianship; National Spiritual Assembly | |
1960 13 May
196- |
The International Bahá'í Council wrote to the Custodians recording its decision taken on 27 April to reject the claims of Charles Mason Remey to be the second Guardian. [Mc206–7] | Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Custodians; Guardianship; Haifa, Israel; International Bahá'í Council | |
1960 17 – 18 May
196- |
The Bahá'í International Community attended a meeting called by the United Nations Office of Public Information to discuss problems of cooperation 'with the United Nations family insofar as its programme affects the new nations'. The Bahá'í statement regarding this became part of the conference record. [BW13:792]
|
- BIC statements; Bahá'í International Community; United Nations | |
1960 12 Jul
196- |
Horace Hotchkiss Holley, Hand of the Cause of God, passed away in Haifa. (b. 7 April, 1887 in Torrington, CT) [MC226-227, BW13:849-858]
|
* Arts and crafts; - Biography; - Births and deaths; - Drama; - Hands of the Cause; - In Memoriam; - Plays; Bahá'í Scriptures (book); Connecticut, USA; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Hands of the Cause, First Contingent; Horace Holley; Torrington, CT; United States (USA) | |
1960 26 Jul
196- |
The Hands of the Cause of God declared Charles Mason Remey a Covenant-breaker. [BBRSM221; MC224–5] | - Hands of the Cause; Charles Mason Remey; Covenant-breaking; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities | |
1960 Aug
196- |
All Bahá'í activity in Egypt was prohibited by Presidential Decree No 263 issued by President Nasser of the United Arab Republic (Egypt and Syria). |
- Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; Egypt; National Spiritual Assembly, formation; Persecution, Egypt | |
1960 18 – 27 Oct
196- |
The fourth Conclave of the Hands of the Cause of God was convened at Bahjí. [MoC177-245] | - Bahá'í World Centre; - Hands of the Cause; Bahji, Israel; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Hands of the Cause, Conclaves | |
1960 2 Nov
196- |
The Hands of the Cause issued a message from their fourth Conclave. [MoC237–44]
|
- Hands of the Cause; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Hands of the Cause, Conclaves | |
1960 18 Nov
196- |
Clara Dunn, Hand of the Cause of God, passed away in Sydney. (b.12 May 1869) [BW13:859; MoC245]
|
- Biography; - Births and deaths; - Hands of the Cause; - In Memoriam; Australia; Clara Dunn; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Hands of the Cause, Second Contingent; Sydney, Australia | |
1960 20 Nov
196- |
The cornerstone of the fifth House of Worship was laid in Langenhain, Germany, by Hand of the Cause of God Amelia Collins. [BW13:739; MC238, 245, 249–50]
|
- Europe; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Amelia Collins; Foundation stones and groundbreaking; Frankfurt, Germany; Germany; Langenhain, Germany; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Langenhain | |
1961 (In the year)
196- |
The military government in Indonesia issued instructions to local authorities to ban all Bahá'í activities and to confiscate all Bahá'í property. [MoC329] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Indonesia; Persecution, Indonesia | |
1961 Jan - Feb
196- |
Hand of the Cause of God Dr Rahmatu'lláh Muhájir traveled to India and demonstrated the principle of mass teaching. [DM172–84; SBBH2:165–7]
|
- Hands of the Cause; Growth; Hands of the Cause, Activities; India; LSA; Madhya Pradesh, India; Mass conversion; Mass teaching; Rahmatullah Muhajir; Statistics; Teaching | |
1961 14 Jan
196- |
The House of Worship in Kampala, the Mother Temple of Africa, was dedicated by Hand of the Cause Rúhíyyih Khánum in a service for Bahá'ís only. [BW13:713–14; CG45]
|
- Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Kampala, Uganda; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Kampala; Uganda | |
1961 15 Jan
196- |
The House of Worship in Kampala, the Mother Temple of Africa, is officially opened by Hand of the Cause Rúhíyyih Khánum in a public service attended by 1,500 people. [BW13:715–18; MoC15]
Specifics
Foundation Stone: 26 Jan 1958 (Beneath the stone is a silver box containing the sacred earth from the Shrine of Bahá'u'lláh and a wooden box containing a piece of the plaster from the Prison Fortress of Máh-Kú where the Báb had been incarcerated.) Construction Period: Land purchased: 20 April 1954, January 1958 – 14 January 1961 Site Dedication: 14 January 1961 (Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum brought a gift from the Guardian- a carpet from the Shrine of Bahá'u'lláh was hung on the inside of the door facing the Qiblih.) Architect: Charles Mason Remey Seating:Over 400 (800 for Dedication ceremony) Dimensions: Dome at its base-44ft. Diameter of inner floor-84ft. Circumference: 265ft yielding 5,550 sq ft of floor space. Height of the building-124ft. Cost: $ ? (initial budget was 42,00 Pounds Sterling) Dependencies: References: BW13p704-719, CEBF241, CG45 |
- Architects; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Mother Temples; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Quick facts; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Bahá'u'lláh, Shrine of (Bahjí); Boxes containing dust, earth or plaster; Dedications; Gifts; Kampala, Uganda; Mah-Ku, Iran; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Continental; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Kampala; Mason Remey; Uganda | |
1961 17 Jan
196- |
Following the arrest of Bahá'ís in Turkey in March 1959 and the subsequent court case, the Turkish court received the findings of three outstanding religious scholars that the Bahá'í Faith was an independent religion. [MoC308]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution, Court cases; Court cases; Human rights; Persecution, Turkey; Turkey | |
1961 3 Apr
196- |
Corinne Knight True, Hand of the Cause of God, (b. 1 November 1861 Louisville, KY d. Chicago, IL 3 April 1961). She was buried in Oak Woods Cemetery in Chicago. [BW13:846]
|
- Births and deaths; - Hands of the Cause; - In Memoriam; Chicago, IL; Corinne True; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Hands of the Cause, Second Contingent; Louisville, KY; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Wilmette; United States (USA) | |
1961 25 – 26 Jun
196- |
The newly-elected International Bahá'í Council met for the first time. [BW13:397; MoC285–6]
|
Haifa, Israel; International Bahá'í Council | |
1961 8 Jul
196- |
The Custodians announced that mass conversion had begun in Ceylon, Central and East Africa, and Bolivia, while in Canada native peoples had begun to enter the Faith. [MoC293] | - Africa; - First Nations, Canada; Bolivia; Canada; Custodians; Mass conversion; Native Americans; Sri Lanka | |
1961 15 Jul
196- |
The Turkish court declared the Bahá'í Faith to be a 'Tarighat', a sect forbidden by the law of the land.<
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution, Court cases; Court cases; Human rights; NSA; Persecution, Turkey; Turkey | |
1961 16 Sep
196- |
The House of Worship in Sydney, the Mother Temple of the Antipodes, was dedicated by Hand of the Cause Rúhíyyih Khánum in a service for Bahá'ís only. [BW13:729; MoC15]
See also Dedication of the Bahá'í House of Worship in Sydney, by Peter J. Khan (2001). |
- Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Australia; Dedications; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Sydney; Sydney, Australia | |
1961 17 Sep
196- |
The House of Worship in Sydney, the Mother Temple of the Antipodes, was officially opened by Hand of the Cause Rúhíyyih Khánum in two public services, each attended by 900 people. [BW13:732]
Specifics
Foundation Stone: 26 Jan 1958 (Clara Dunn and Hand of the Cause Charles Mason Remey, who had been designated by the Guardian as his representative, while attending the 2nd International Conference 21-24 March, 1958. A small bag of earth from the inner Shrine of Bahá'u'lláh and a piece of plaster from the room of the Báb in Máh-Kú was deposited under the floor.) Construction Period: 1957-1961 Site Dedication:16 September 1961 (Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum brought a gift from the Guardian- a green silk carpet from the Shrine of Bahá'u'lláh.) Architect C.M. Remey Seating: 500 Dimensions: 124ft at the base and 130ft high Cost: Original budget was 120,000 Pounds Sterling Dependencies: References: BW13:319-322, BW13p720-732 CEBF241 |
- Architects; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Mother Temples; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Quick facts; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Australia; Bahá'u'lláh, Shrine of (Bahjí); Boxes containing dust, earth or plaster; Clara Dunn; Dedications; Gifts; Mah-Ku, Iran; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Continental; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Sydney; Mason Remey; Sydney, Australia | |
1961 15 Oct – 2 Nov
196- |
The fifth Conclave of the Hands of the Cause of God was convened at Bahjí. [MoC249-329]
|
- Hands of the Cause; Akka, Israel; Bahji, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Hands of the Cause, Conclaves | |
1961 (Autumn/Winter)
196- |
The International Bahá'í Archives Building was opened to Bahá'í pilgrims. [BW13:429; MC20]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Arc (World Centre); Bahá'í World News Service (BWNS); Haifa, Israel; International Archives Building (Haifa); Marble; Margraf; Pilgrimage | |
1961 5 Nov
196- |
The Hands of the Cause issued a message from their fifth Conclave. [MoC313–23]
|
- Hands of the Cause; Baghdad, Iraq; Bahá'í World Congress, First (1963); Bahji, Israel; Centenaries; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Hands of the Cause, Conclaves; Iraq; London, England; Most Great Jubilee (1963); United Kingdom; Universal House of Justice; Universal House of Justice, Election of | |
1961 7 Dec
196- |
An article appeared in the nationally prominent Moroccan newspaper Al Alam lamenting the decline of Islám and attacking the Bahá'í Faith. [MoC17]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 (In the year)
196- |
Bahá'í homes in Morocco were searched by the police and Bahá'í literature seized. [MoC17] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 (In the year)
196- |
Thirty thousand new Bahá'ís enrolled in India in six months. [VV9] | India; Mass conversion | |
1962 (In the year)
196- |
The administrative institutions of the Faith were banned in Indonesia by President Sukarno. [BW19:41]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Indonesia; Persecution, Indonesia | |
1962 25 Jan
196- |
A Bahá'í Professor of Fine Arts at the University of Tetuan, Morocco, Faouzi Zine Al Abidine, was dismissed from his post and warned to have no association with other Bahá'ís. [MoC17] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 1 Jan
196- |
Amelia Collins passed away in Haifa. (b. 7 June, 1873) [BW13:399, 840; MC12]
|
- Biography; - Births and deaths; - Hands of the Cause; - In Memoriam; Abu'l-Qasim Faizi; Amelia Collins; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Hands of the Cause, First Contingent; Millie Collins | |
1962 10 Apr
196- |
Four Bahá'ís were arrested in Nador, Morocco. [BW13:289; BW14:97; BN No 384 March 1963 p1-4]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution, Other; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 28 Jun
196- |
President Tubman of Liberia visited the Shrine of the Báb.
|
- Presidents; Báb, Shrine of (Haifa); Firsts, other; Haifa, Israel; Liberia; Mount Carmel; Prominent visitors | |
1962 22 Aug
196- |
The Custodians ask the National Spiritual Assembly of the United States to make representations to the diplomatic missions of Morocco in Washington and at the United Nations concerning the 14 Bahá'ís imprisoned in Morocco. [MoC368–9]
For four months, while a legal committee of the Bahá’ís of Morocco, aided by an able French lawyer of Rabat, explored in vain all ways to obtain either the release of the prisoners or an early hearing of their case, these fourteen souls were kept in strict isolation from their fellow-Bahá’ís, and only a few messages could be passed orally via the women members of their families who could occasionally visit them. In August a devoted Egyptian Bahá’í lawyer (Mohsen Enayat) arrived in Morocco to join in the defense of the believers. The authorities returned no answer to his applications, but he was able to see the prisoners to bring them news and assurance, and to bring back to the Bahá’í community an account of the steadfastness and devotion of these dear friends. On October 31st, after more than six months of imprisonment, the fourteen accused were arraigned before the Regional Court of Nador which reviewed the accusations and committed the prisoners for trial before the Criminal Court of the same town on the charges of (1) rebellion and disorder, (2) attacks on public security, (3) constitution of an association of criminals, (4) constitution of an illegal association and (5) attacks on religious faith. [BN No 384 March 1963 p2] |
- Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Custodians; Human rights; Mohsen Enayat; Morocco; NSA; Persecution, Morocco; United Nations; United States (USA) | |
1962 23 Sep
196- |
The Custodians ask the National Spiritual Assembly of the United States to obtain an interview with the personal representative of the King of Morocco who heads that country's delegation to the United Nations General Assembly in New York in connection with the Bahá'ís imprisoned in Morocco. [MoC373–4] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Human rights; Morocco; NSA; Persecution, Morocco; United Nations; United States (USA) | |
1962 autumn
196- |
A property was acquired outside of Gwalior, India, for a teaching institute. [DM192]
|
- Bahá'í inspired schools; Gwalior, India; India; Rabbani School, India; Social and economic development; Teaching institutes | |
1962 31 Oct
196- |
The 14 Bahá'ís imprisoned in Morocco were arraigned before the Regional Court of Nador. [BW13:289; MC18]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Court cases; Court cases; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 16 Nov
196- |
The superstructure of the European House of Worship near Frankfurt was completed and the Temple was turned over to the Bahá'ís by the contractor. [BW13:737; MoC15] | - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Frankfurt, Germany; Germany; Langenhain, Germany; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Langenhain | |
1962 10 Dec
196- |
The trial of the 14 Bahá'ís imprisoned in Morocco on charges of sedition opened. The accused were defended by four of the most able lawyers in Morocco who were advised by two Bahá’í lawyers. It quickly became apparent that no attempt was being made to prove the five charges of the indictment, rather were the accused being charged by the presiding judge with not conforming to the practices of Islám, to which the accused explained that, as they were Bahá’ís, these practices did not concern them.
The verdict of the trial and the sentences imposed were: Sentenced to death: Muḥammad Muḥammad ‘Alí Al-Kabdání, 23 years of age, unmarried, schoolteacher; Muḥammad Ba-Arafa Ma’anan, 29, unmarried, inspector of police; Fu’ád Muḥammad Javád At-Tahhan, 38, married, three children, school director. Imprisoned for life: ‘Abdu’l-Azíz ‘Abdu’lláh Al-Waryashí, 22, married, no children, school bursar; Muḥammad Al-Jabbání Al-Ḥassan, 24, married, one son, teacher; ‘Abdu’s-Salam Al-Haj Salim As-Sabti, 31, married, instructor; Muḥammad Muḥammad Sa’íd Al-Baggalí, 20, unmarried, tailor; Muḥammad Aḥmad As-Sabti, 32, married, one child, cashier; Imprisoned for 15 years: ‘Abdu’s-Salam Milwad Ash-Shukrí, 28, married, one child, state official. The announcement of these sentences came as a thunderclap. The response from the press of the world was immediate and indignant. By a curious irony of fate the new Moroccan Constitution guaranteeing freedom of religion had only recently been overwhelmingly accepted by a national referendum, and on December 7, three days before the trial opened, Morocco had voted in favor of a United Nations Resolution for a draft convention on the elimination of all forms of religious intolerance. [BW13:289; BW14:97; MoC414-418; BN No 384 March 1963 p3] |
- Persecution; - Persecution, Court cases; Court cases; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 14 Dec
196- |
The Regional Court of Nador gave its verdict in the case of the 14 Bahá'ís imprisoned in Morocco on charges of sedition: four were acquitted on the grounds that they claim to be Muslims; one was acquitted apparently through family connections; one was released on 15 years' probation owing to his diabetes; five were committed to life imprisonment hard labour; and three were condemned to death. [BBRSM174; MoC18–19]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Court cases; Court cases; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 17 Dec
196- |
The Custodians asked the Bahá'í International Community to issue press releases deploring Morocco's persecution of religious minorities and pointing out its failure to adhere to the UN charter condemning religious intolerance. [MoC397] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Bahá'í International Community; Custodians; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1962 21 Dec
196- |
Telegrams were sent by the Bahá'í International Community to Secretary-General U Thant and 35 United Nations delegations appealing for help under the Genocide Convention for the Bahá'ís sentenced to death and imprisoned for life in Morocco. [BW13:794] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Bahá'í International Community; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco; United Nations | |
1962 23 Dec
196- |
The Custodians asked national spiritual assemblies to cable Secretary General of the United Nations U Thant requesting his intervention on behalf of the Bahá'ís under sentence of death and imprisoned for life in Morocco. [BW13:794; MoC397–8] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Custodians; Human rights; Morocco; NSA; Persecution, Morocco; United Nations | |
1962 27 Dec
196- |
The Custodians asked national and local spiritual assemblies to write to the Moroccan ambassador in their respective countries pleading for justice and religious freedom. [MoC398–9] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; - Worldwide; Custodians; Human rights; LSA; Morocco; NSA; Persecution, Morocco | |
1963 (In the year)
196- |
In Angola, Antonio Francesco Ebo and seven other Bahá'ís were arrested and imprisoned in a penal colony off the coast of southern Angola.
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; Angola; Persecution, Angola | |
1963 1 Jan
196- |
The Custodians ask all national and local spiritual assemblies to cable the King of Morocco appealing for justice for the Bahá'ís under sentence of death and imprisoned for life in his country. [BW14:97; MoC19] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; - Worldwide; Custodians; Human rights; Local Spiritual Assembly; Morocco; National Spiritual Assembly; Persecution, Morocco | |
1963 31 Jan
196- |
Roger Baldwin, Chairman of the International League for the Rights of Man, appeared before the UN sub-commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities and stated that, as far they know; the Bahá'í prisoners in Morocco were the only example in recent history where members of a religion had been condemned to death solely for holding and expressing religious views regarded as heretical. [MoC415–16] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco; United Nations | |
1963 31 Mar
196- |
King Hassan II of Morocco was featured on an American television show called "Meet the Press". He stated that he believed that the Baháʼí Faith was not a religion and "against good order and also morals". However, on April 2 he made a public statement that if the Supreme Court confirms the penalty of death that he would grant them a royal pardon. in a televised interview in the United States that the Bahá'í Faith was not a religion and was 'against good order and also morals'. [MoC414-419] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; King Hassan II; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1963 2 Apr
196- |
King Hassan II of Morocco made a public statement promising that if the Supreme Court upheld the decision condemning three Bahá'í prisoners to death, he would grant them a royal pardon. [MoC416] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Court cases; - Persecution, Other; Court cases; Human rights; King Hassan II; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1963 4 Apr
196- |
The Custodians issued a statement of information to the national spiritual assemblies of the United States and Europe regarding the Bahá'ís imprisoned in Morocco and under threat of death, reminding them that clemency or a pardon are not sufficient, as the condemned Bahá'ís cannot be pardoned for a crime they did not commit. [MoC414]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Custodians; Human rights; Morocco; National Spiritual Assembly; Persecution, Morocco | |
1963 9 Apr
196- |
The sixth Conclave of the Hands of the Cause of God was convened at Bahjí.
|
- Hands of the Cause; Akka, Israel; Bahji, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Hands of the Cause, Conclaves | |
1963 20 Apr
196- |
The Ten Year Crusade was successfully completed. The achievements of the Ten Year Crusade were celebrated at the Most Great Jubilee in April and May 1963, which commemorated the Centenary of the Declaration of Baha'u'llah's Mission. Two historic events transpired during that time: the International Convention, convened in Haifa, Israel, to elect the first Universal House of Justice; and the World Congress held in London, England.
|
* Shoghi Effendi, Basic timeline; * Teaching Plans; - Bahá'í World Centre; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Worldwide; Conventions, International; Growth; London, England; Most Great Jubilee (1963); Shoghi Effendi, Works of; Statistics; Ten Year Crusade (1953-1963); United Kingdom | |
1963 9 May
196- |
The Hands of the Cause of God passed a resolution regarding the principles that will apply between the body of the Hands and the Hands Residing in the Holy Land and the activities of the Hands in the Holy Land. [MoC426]
|
- Hands of the Cause; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities | |
1963 19 May
196- |
The Hands of the Cause cabled the annual conventions with the names of the five Hands chosen to reside in the Holy Land: Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum, Leroy Ioas, 'Alí-Akbar Furútan, Paul Haney and Abu'l-Qásim Faizí. [MoC427] | - Hands of the Cause; Abu'l-Qasim Faizi; `Alí-Akbar Furútan; Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Activities; Leroy Ioas; Paul Haney | |
1963 5 Jun onwards
196- |
Throughout Iran, advantage is taken of the general anti-government disorder to launch attacks on Bahá'ís in several localities under the cover of these disturbances. [BW18p391]
|
* Persecution, Iran; - Persecution; - Persecution, Destruction; - Persecution, Other; Iran | |
1963 7 Jun
196- |
The Custodians published a Declaration 'releasing all their functions, rights and powers conferred upon them by the Declaration of the Hands, November 25, 1957, to the Universal House of Justice'. [MoC433]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Custodians; Haifa, Israel | |
1963 16 Jun
196- |
The Universal House of Justice announced that it will for the present time, use the Western Pilgrim House at 10 Haparsim Street, Haifa, as its seat and that both the Eastern and Western pilgrims will be housed in the Haifa Pilgrim House. [WG9] | Haifa, Israel; Pilgrim House, Eastern (Haifa); Pilgrim House, Western (Haifa); Pilgrim Houses; Pilgrimage; Universal House of Justice, Seat of (Haifa) | |
1963 25 Aug
196- |
The Universal House of Justice announceed the demolition of the House of Worship in 'Ishqábád (now Ashgabat, Turkmenistan) by the Soviet authorities owing to earthquake damage. [BBD122; BW14:479–81]
|
- Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Ashgabat; Earthquakes; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Ishqabad; Russia; Soviet Union; Turkmenistan | |
1963 Oct
196- |
After the International Conference in London, those members of the newly elected Universal House of Justice who were not already resident in Haifa returned to their homes to make plans to relocate. This was finally completed by October.
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Cycles, Eras, Ages and Epochs; Formative Age; Nine Year Plan (1964-1973); Universal House of Justice | |
1963 6 Oct
196- |
The Universal House of Justice cabled that it found that 'there is no way to appoint or to legislate to make it possible to appoint a second Guardian to succeed Shoghi Effendi'. [WG11; 6 October 1963]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Guardianship; Haifa, Israel | |
1963 23 Nov
196- |
At the request of the Universal House of Justice, Bahá'ís around the world prayed at the Feast of Qawl for favourable action to be taken in the case of the Bahá'ís under threat of death and imprisoned in Morocco. [BW14:98]
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Court cases; - Persecution, Other; Court cases; Custodians; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco; Universal House of Justice | |
1963 13 Dec
196- |
The Bahá'í prisoners in Morocco were released on order of the Supreme Court. The high drama had run for some twenty months. [BW14:98; MoC19]
They were not only released but were exonerated of any culpability and paid compensation for their loss of freedom to earn their living and, in a few cases, where they were employed by th Government, indemnified. All the National Spiritual Assemblies, wherever possible, were asked by the Universal House of Justice to express gratification, through the Moroccan Embassy or Consulate in their areas, to the King for this decision of the Supreme Court. [Mess63-86p25] For a picture of the release of the Moroccan Bahá'í prisoners see BW14:97. |
- Persecution; - Persecution, Court cases; - Persecution, Other; Court cases; Human rights; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1964 (In the year)
196- |
Four new believers in Cambodia were arrested and imprisoned as the Bahá'í Faith was not formally recognized and the Bahá'ís did not have permission to teach.
|
- Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; Cambodia; Persecution, Cambodia | |
1964 3 Feb
196- |
Hand of the Cause Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum and her companion Violette Nakhjavání left Haifa at the start of their 55,000 mile, 9-month journey through India, Ceylon, Nepal and Sikkim. [AV114; VV11] | Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum, Journeys of; Haifa, Israel; India; Nepal; Sikkim, India; Sri Lanka; Violette Nakhjavani | |
1964 Apr
196- |
The chief of the Arpushana clan of the Guajiros, Francisco Pimienta Arpushana, became a Bahá'í in Colombia and teaching work began among his people. [BW14:319] | Colombia; Francisco Pimienta Arpushana | |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The Nine Year Plan (1964-1973) was launched. [BBRSM159; VV1; WG22–7]
|
* Teaching Plans; - Bahá'í World Centre; Cycles, Eras, Ages and Epochs; Formative Age; Nine Year Plan (1964-1973); Tablets of the Divine Plan | |
1964 Ridván
196- |
The Universal House of Justice released statistics on the growth and spread of the Bahá'í Faith at Ridván. [BW14:124–35]
|
- Worldwide; Growth; Statistics; Ten Year Crusade (1953-1963) | |
1967 Ridván
196- |
The National Spiritual Assembly of the Cameroon Republic was formed with its seat in Victoria, (now Limbe) Cameroon. It had Spanish Guinea, Fernando Po, Corisco and São Tomé and Príncipe Islands assigned to it.
[BW14p96; Ridván 1966]
|
Cameroon; Limbé, Camaroon; National Spiritual Assembly, formation | |
1964 4 Jul
196- |
The House of Worship in Langenhain, Germany, the Mother Temple of Europe, was dedicated. [BW14:483–4] The interior of the auditorium is bounded by 27 pillars, supporting the dome. Twenty-seven ribs lead from the floor to the apex of the dome, culminating in a ring which carries a lantern. The dome segments are arranged in a special way in order to permit full access of daylight. These produce an interesting play of lights and shadows, attractively brightened by the sun's reflexes on the 570 glass panels. The supporting parts of the structure consist of prefabricated concrete material reinforced by steel fillings, which were produced in the Netherlands.
Specifics
Foundation Stone: 20 November 1960 by Hand of the Cause Amelia Collins representing the World Centre. She placed Sacred Dust from the Shrine of Bahá'u'lláh in the foundations. Construction Period: 1960-1964 Site Dedication:4 July 1964 Amatu'l-Bahá Rúhíyyih Khánum represented the Universal House of Justice. Architect: Teuto Rocholl (plans approved by Shoghi Effendi) Seating:450 – 600 Dimensions: Diameter at the base: 48m (158ft), Height from the base to the top of the dome: 28m (92ft), Outer diameter: 25m (82ft); Inner diameter: 23m (69ft), Inner height of the dome: 24m (72ft). Height 20.5m (67ft) Cost: Dependencies: A home for the aged. Note: The construction of this temple was delayed by legal roadblocks instigated by church opposition, both Protestant and Catholic. References: BW14p483, BW14p483-484, BW18p104, CEBF241 |
- Architects; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Europe; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Mother Temples; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Quick facts; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Amelia Collins; Bahá'u'lláh, Shrine of (Bahjí); Boxes containing dust, earth or plaster; Frankfurt, Germany; Germany; Gifts; Langenhain, Germany; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Continental; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Langenhain; Opposition; Teuto Rocholl | |
1964 19 Sep
196- |
Prince Sihanouk Norodom, Head of State, and Prince Kantol Norodom, Prime Minister, signed a decree authorizing the exercise of the Bahá'í Faith in Cambodia and recognizing the Bahá'í World Centre in Haifa. | Cambodia; Recognition (legal) | |
1964 Nov
196- |
The Universal House of Justice announced that 'there is no way to appoint, or to legislate to make it possible to appoint, Hands of the Cause of God'. [WG41]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; - Hands of the Cause; - Hands of the Cause, Institution; Appointed arm; Haifa, Israel; Universal House of Justice; Universal House of Justice, Basic timeline | |
1964 5 Nov
196- |
Followers of Charles Mason Remey filed suit in the United States District Court for Northern Illinois against the National Spiritual Assembly of the United States, claiming they were the rightful owners of all Bahá'í properties and funds in the United States. [BW14:95]
|
Charles Mason Remey; Copyright and trademarks; Court cases; Covenant-breaking; Criticism and apologetics; NSA; United States (USA) | |
1965 (In the year)
196- |
William Carr visited Alert in Canada, only 800 km from the North Pole and the most northerly inhabited location in the world. | Alert, NU; Arctic; Canada; William Carr | |
1965 23 Mar
196- |
The case filed by the followers of Charles Mason Remey against the National Spiritual Assembly of the United States was dismissed on technical grounds. [BW14:95]
|
Charles Mason Remey; Copyright and trademarks; Court cases; Covenant-breaking; National Spiritual Assemblies; United States (USA) | |
1965 22 Jul
196- |
Leroy Ioas, Hand of the Cause of God, passed away in Haifa. (b.15 February 1896 in Wilmington, IL). He was known as "the Guardian's Hercules" and was praised by Shoghi Effendi for his "tireless vigilance, self-sacrifice, and devotion to the Cause in all its multiple fields of activity, in 'prodigious labours' and his 'stupendous efforts'. [BW14:291-300, VV7]
|
- Biography; - Hands of the Cause; - In Memoriam; Anita Ioas Chapman; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Hands of the Cause, First Contingent; Leroy Ioas; United States (USA); Wilmington, IL | |
1965 11 Nov
196- |
The Universal House of Justice announced that the 'final step' in the 'process' of the 'purification' of the Bahá'í properties in Bahjí had been taken with the removal of the remains of the Covenant-breaker Mírzá Díyá'u'lláh from the immediate precincts of the Shrine of Bahá'u'lláh. [BW14:82–3; Mess63-86p66]
|
- Biography; Akka, Israel; Bahá'u'lláh, Shrine of (Bahjí); Bahji, Israel; Covenant-breaking; Mírzá Diyaullah | |
1965 18 Mar
196- |
The Bahá'í International Community established its own offices in the United Nations Plaza Building in New York. [BW14:90, BIC-History] | Bahá'í International Community; New York, USA; United Nations | |
c. 1966 – 1967
196- |
The island of Niue was opened to the Bahá'í Faith for the first time. | Niue, NZ | |
1966 8 Mar
196- |
The second suit brought against the National Spiritual Assembly of the United States by the followers of Charles Mason Remey, who claimed to he the lawful owners of all Bahá'í properties and funds in the United States, was dismissed. [BW14:95] | Charles Mason Remey; Copyright and trademarks; Court cases; Covenant-breaking; National Spiritual Assemblies; United States (USA) | |
1966 11 Mar
196- |
Eduardo Duarte Vieira was arrested in Portuguese Guinea on a charge of subversive political activity following a period of increasing pressure and harassment instigated by the clergy. He had been detained, maltreated and brutally beaten on several occasions since becoming a Bahá'í. [BW14:390] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; Eduardo Duarte Vieira; Guinea Bissau; Persecution, Guinea Bissau; Portuguese Guinea | |
1966 14 Apr
196- |
Jessie Revell, formerly a member of the International Bahá'í Council, passed away in Haifa. [BW14:300]
|
- Biography; - Births and deaths; Haifa, Israel; Jessie Revell | |
1966 1 Jun
196- |
The counter-claim of the National Spiritual Assembly of the United States against the followers of Charles Mason Remey restraining them from using Bahá'í names and symbols, was upheld when the Covenant-breakers failed to appear at the trial. [BW14:95] | Charles Mason Remey; Copyright and trademarks; Court cases; Covenant-breaking; Criticism and apologetics; National Spiritual Assemblies; United States (USA) | |
1966 Dec
196- |
A campaign was launched against the Bahá'ís of Saysán, Ádharbáyján, by Mullá Mihdí Sultánpúr. [BW18:391] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Other; Azerbaijan; Persecution, Adharbayjan; Saysan, Iran | |
1967 (In the year)
196- |
Victor de Araujo was appointed by the Universal House of Justice as the full-time Accredited Representative of the Bahá'í International Community to the United Nations; Mildred Mottahedeh was appointed Alternate Representative. [BW14:88–9; BW15:364]
|
Bahá'í International Community; Mildred Mottahedeh; New York, USA; United Nations; United States (USA); Victor de Araujo | |
1967 1 Jan
196- |
A Bahá'í was beaten to death by a mob in Saysán, Ádharbáyján, and other Bahá'ís were attacked and beaten. [BW18:391] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Deaths; - Persecution, Mobs; Azerbaijan; Persecution, Adharbayjan; Saysan, Iran | |
1967 21 Feb
196- |
The Universal House of Justice established the International Bahá'í Audio-Visual Centre in Victor, New York. William Richter was named the manager. [BW14:91–2]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Audio-Visual Centres; Juan Caban; New York, USA; United States (USA); Universal House of Justice; Victor, NY; William Richter | |
1967 Ridván
196- |
The Universal House of Justice called upon the Bahá'ís to launch a global campaign proclaiming the message of Bahá'u'lláh to every stratum of society. A special edition of The Proclamation of Bahá'u'lláh was to be presented to Heads of State. [BW14:211, Ridván 1967] | - Bahá'í World Centre; - Proclamation of Bahá'u'lláh (book); Haifa, Israel; Universal House of Justice | |
1967 Oct
196- |
A special edition of The Proclamation of Bahá'u'lláh was published by the Universal House of Justice for presentation to 140 heads of state. [BW14:204–6; CB406]
|
* Bahá'u'lláh, Writings of; * Publications; - Bahá'í World Centre; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Proclamation of Bahá'u'lláh (book); - Tablets to kings and rulers; - Worldwide; Universal House of Justice; Universal House of Justice, Basic timeline | |
1967 5 – 10 Oct
196- |
Six Intercontinental Conferences were held simultaneously in Panama City, Wilmette, Sydney, Kampala, Frankfurt and New Delhi to celebrate the centenary of the proclamation of Bahá'u'lláh to the kings and rulers of the world in September/October of 1867. [BW 14:221]
|
- Conferences, Intercontinental; - Tablets to kings and rulers; Australia; Centenaries; Conferences, Bahá'í; Frankfurt, Germany; Germany; India; Kampala, Uganda; New Delhi, India; Panama; Sydney, Australia; Uganda; Wilmette, IL | |
1967 8 Oct
196- |
The foundation stone of the Mother Temple of Latin America was laid by Hand of the Cause Rúhíyyih Khánum in Panama City. [BW14:494] | - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Amatul-Bahá Ruhiyyih Khanum; Foundation stones and groundbreaking; Latin America; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Panama; Panama | |
1968 – 1969
196- |
Throughout Iran, pressure on Bahá'ís intensified. [BW18p391]
|
* Persecution, Iran; - Persecution; - Persecution, Education; - Persecution, Other; Iran | |
1968 (In the year)
196- |
The Bahá'í Publishing Committee based in Karachi developed into a Bahá'í Publishing Trust responsible for translation and publication into Urdu, English, Persian, Arabic, Sindhi, Pushtu, Balochi, Gojri, Balti and other regional languages. | * Translation; - Publishing Trusts; Karachi, Pakistan; Pakistan | |
1968 (In the year)
196- |
Over a thousand new believers enrolled in Ethiopia. [BW15:186] | Ethiopia; Mass conversion | |
1968 26 Jan
196- |
A Moroccan Bahá'í was arrested, tried and convicted on the charges of having abused the sacredness of Islám and using deceptive methods to convert people to another religion; he was sentenced to three years' imprisonment. [BW15:172] | - Persecution; - Persecution, Arrests; - Persecution, Court cases; Court cases; Morocco; Persecution, Morocco | |
1968 Ridván
196- |
The Universal House of Justice was elected for a second time by delegates from 81 National Spiritual Assemblies. [BW15:557]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Alí Nakhjavání; Amoz Gibson; Charles Wolcott; Conventions, International; David Hofman; David Ruhe; Elections; H. Borrah Kavelin; Haifa, Israel; Hugh Chance; Hushmand Fatheazam; Ian Semple; Universal House of Justice, Election of; Universal House of Justice, Members of | |
1968 21 Jun
196- |
The Universal House of Justice established the Continental Boards of Counsellors to continue the functions of the Hands of the Cause in the protection and propagation of the Faith. [BBD58–9, 97; BW15:611–13; BW17:319; MUHJ4–5; WG141, Mess63-86p130, 21 June, 1968, CEBF112]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Hands of the Cause; Appointed arm; Assistants; Auxiliary board members; Counsellors; Haifa, Israel; Universal House of Justice; Universal House of Justice, Basic timeline | |
1968 10 Aug
196- |
Dr Lutfu'lláh Hakím (1888 - 1968), former member of the Universal House of Justice, passed away in Haifa. [BW15:434]
|
- Biography; - Births and deaths; - In Memoriam; Haifa, Israel; Lutfullah Hakim | |
1968 26 – 31 Aug
196- |
The centenary of the arrival of Bahá'u'lláh in the Holy Land was commemorated at the World Centre. [BW15:81–4]
|
- Bahá'í World Centre; Bahá'u'lláh, Banishment of; Centenaries; Haifa, Israel; Israel; Pilgrimage | |
1968 2 Sep
196- |
Tarázu'lláh Samandarí, Hand of the Cause of God, passed away in Haifa. (b.1874 in Qazvin, Persia)
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- Biography; - Births and deaths; - Hands of the Cause; - In Memoriam; Haifa, Israel; Hands of the Cause, Births and deaths; Ṭaráẓu’lláh Samandarí | |
1966 31 Mar
196- |
While in the custody of the Portuguese authorities Eduardo Duarte Vieira died in prison in Portuguese Guinea (Since 1974 Guinea Bissau) after twenty days of torture. He was named the first African martyr. [BW14:390, BW16:568; KoB47]
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- Biography; - Persecution; - Persecution, Deaths; Eduardo Duarte Vieira; Firsts, other; Guinea Bissau; Persecution, Guinea Bissau; Portuguese Guinea | first African martyr |
1962 22 May
196- |
The first Athabascan Indian north of the Arctic Circle to become a Bahá'í, Charley Roberts, enrolled. [BW15:455] | - First Bahá'ís by country or area; Canada; Native Americans | first Athabascan Indian Bahá’í north of the Arctic Circle |
1966 29 Sep
196- |
The Bahá'í Faith was officially recognized as a religious organization by the Icelandic government which gave it the right to legally perform marriages and other ceremonies as well as entitled it to a share of the church tax in proportion to its number of adult members. [Wikipedia]
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Iceland; Recognition (legal); Weddings | first Baha'i marriage in Iceland |
1963 18 Jan
196- |
First Bahá'í marriage in Taiwan was between Miss Yeh Chan-ching and Mr Yang Su-thou. Official government recognition of the Bahá'í marriage was obtained in 1973. [The Taiwan Bahá'í Chronicle by Barbara R. Sims p37] | Firsts, other; Recognition (legal); Taiwan; Weddings | First Bahá'í marriage in Taiwan |
1960 Jan
196- |
Frédéric Hodonou (b. January 9, 1929, Ouidah, Benin. d. January 10, 2016 in Ouidah, Benin) was introduced to the Faith by Madame Geneviève Lai, a French artist and her Vietnamese husband in Cotonou. [Bahá'í Chronicles] | Benin; Cotonou, Benin; Frederic Hodonou | first Baha'i of Benin |
1966 22 Mar
196- |
Napoleon Bergarnaschi, an Alaskan Eskimo, and his three children open St Lawrence Island to the Bahá'í Faith. [BW14:146] | Napoleon Bergarnaschi; St. Lawrence Island | first Bahá'í to settle on St Lawrence Island |
1960 Dec
196- |
Philip Suning, the first member of the Iban tribe to become a Bahá'í, enrolled. | - First believers by background; Brunei | first Bahá’í Iban tribe |
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