1. n.d.. Haykal (pentacle talisman) Prayer for Protection. The Báb. Original text of a prayer for protection, written in the Báb’s own hand, in the form of a pentacle. Visual.
2. 2026-03. Tablet of the Báb Addressed to Shaykh `Alíy-i-Turshízí (`Azím), A. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . A brief tablet on the memory of Abraham and Moses; the verity of God’s decrees; patience amidst adversity; and mention of a "book." Translations.
3. 2025-12-20. Tablet of Twenty Questions Revealed by the Báb and Addressed to Mullá 'Abdu'l-Jalíl Urūmī, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Answers to a range of devotional, doctrinal, and juridical questions submitted by early believers; a comprehensive reply to multiple letters conveying inquiries, greetings, affirmations of obedience, and appeals for spiritual clarification. Translations.
4. 2025-12. Epistle of the Báb to Mullá Ḥusayn, Revealed at Búshihr: On the Inimitable Book and the Guidance of the Faithful. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . On the authority of the Book of the Remembrance; the principles of divine unity, the immutability of God’s decree, and the inimitability of the Báb's revelation; guidance on the City of Safety and pilgrimage. Translations.
5. 2025-12. Epistle of the Báb on the Mi'rāj of the Prophet Muhammad, Addressed to Mīrzá Ḥasan Nūrī. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . A response to questions concerning the bodily Ascension of the Prophet Muḥammad, and whether the Mi‘rāj should be understood in corporeal, allegorical, or metaphysical terms; on allegory and three modes of existence, Sarmad, Dahr, and Zamān. Translations.
6. 2025-12. Epistle of the Báb Revealed for Mullá Ḥusayn Concerning the Practice of Dissimulation, Patience, and the Reward of the Faithful. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . On the guarded exercise of faith under conditions of trial; the spiritual necessity of dissimulation can be a means of preserving faith amid adversity, coupled with the assurance that divine truth is ultimately established while falsehood is erased. Translations.
7. 2025-12. One of the Tablets of Visitation in Glorification of the Station of Mullá Ḥusayn, Revealed by the Báb. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Tablet of visitation in honour of Mullá Ḥusayn Bushrú'í affirming his exalted station, the unsurpassable nature of his rank, the cosmic magnitude of his affliction, and the eternal efficacy of his sacrifice. Translations.
8. 2025-12. Epistle of the Báb to Mullá Ḥusayn Bushrú'í, Revealed at Bushíhr, An: On the Cessation of Revelation and the Appointment of the First Believer. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . At epistle in which the Báb announces the suspension of further revelation for a period of five years; the cessation of revelation, which is both a chastisement and a trial, identifies the Báb’s Revelation as the locus of divine utterance in this age. Translations.
9. 2025-12. Tablet of the Báb Revealed in Response to the Inquiry of Mullá Ibrāhím Maḥallātí. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . A response to questions concerning five Qur’ánic verses long marked by contention; the Báb refrains from explicit exegesis, treating the verses as axiomatic declarations whose meaning is disclosed through divine authority rather than disputation. Translations.
10. 2025-11. Báb's Mystical Commentary on the Hadith of the Maid (Hadith al-Jāriyyah) and the Knowledge of the Unseen, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . An allegory about Imám Ja'fár al-Sádiq and a maid who hid and concealed herself, symbolizing the relationship between the Manifestation and creation, the veiled nature of the Unseen, and the sanctity of divine knowledge. Translations.
11. 2025-11. Báb's Epistle of Consolation and Counsel to a Beloved Follower, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . On the descent of the celestial expanse and the unveiling of the Sun of Mercy, summoning the believer to ascend spiritually, with symbolic imagery — limpid springs, lamps within niches, ruby tablets, and gardens of fruits; a mystical allegory. Translations.
12. 2025-11. Báb's Commentary on the Ḥadíth Every Day is ʿĀshūrāʾ, The: A Treatise on the Eternal Reality and Divine Mystery of the Martyrdom of Imām Ḥusayn. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . A mystical commentary on this hadith, portraying the martyrdom of Imam Husayn as the Countenance of God, in as a timeless drama of divine revelation and sacrifice, eternally renewed in every age. Translations.
13. 2025-11. Báb's Epistle Revealed in Isfahán in Response to Four Questions, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . On the mystery of the resurrection; the divine Word and the station of Tahirih; calls to moderation, steadfastness, and to avoid exaggeration in invoking the Divine Names; servitude and submission to the Will of God. Translations.
14. 2025-11. Exalted Prayer of the Báb for Imām Ḥasan ibn ʿAlī, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . A prayer for the second Imam, extolling the sovereignty, grandeur, and sanctity of God, creation, and His divine omnipotence, and likening God's transcendence to the purity of camphor. Translations.
15. 2025-11. Tablet of the Letters (Ḥurūfāt) Revealed by the Báb, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . On the interrelation of the Divine Names, the cosmos, and the hierarchy of creation.The Báb enumerates 32 letters, each linked to a domain of creation or aspect of spiritual authority, conveying how God ordains, sustains, and animates reality. Translations.
16. 2025-11. Utterances of the Unlettered and the Proof of the Divine Call, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . The Báb's divine inspiration appeared organically and naturally, not from the result of human education or via sermons or supplications; His God-given inner nature bears witness spontaneously. Translations.
17. 2025-11. Epistle of the Báb to His Beloved and Blessed Wife. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . A letter of counsel and trust, advising his spouse to seek serenity through glorification of God and anticipating the ultimate reunion of the Lord; true comfort lies in contentment with God’s decree; affectionate salutations to His mother and family. Translations.
18. 2025-11. Prayer of the Báb on Divine Sovereignty and the True Mirror. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . On the omnipotence of God and the station of He Whom God shall make manifest, and the metaphor of the True Mirror: other mirrors imagine themselves to contain the Sun, but the sun shines only in the true mirror of recognizing the Manifestation. Translations.
19. 2025-11. Proclamation of the Cause, and the Manifest Sign, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . A Tablet of proclamation and admonition, offering warning, guidance, and spiritual insight to those who possess the eyes to perceive, using the Qur’anic allegory of the She-Camel, symbolizing both a divine test and a sign. Translations.
20. 2025-11. Epistle of the Báb in Reply to Mírzá Muḥammad-`Alí Qazvíní: A Divine Remedy for Sorrow and the Attainment of Certitude. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . An Epistle of counsel and support in reply to the inquiries of Muḥammad ‘Alí Qazvíní, one of the Letters of the Living. Translations.
21. 2025-11. Epistle of the Báb to His Grandmother and Mother, An. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . A letter of tender care, intimate guidance, and spiritual insight for His family; the Báb addresses their anxieties regarding His return and expresses His hope of reunion, entrusting all to the Will of the Lord of the world. Translations.
22. 2025-10. Epistle of the Báb to Mullá Ḥusayn Bushrú'í from al-Mukhā, An. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Brief tablet revealed shortly after the Báb's return to Búshihr at the close of his pilgrimage, which glorifies God for the descent of the Spirit upon Mullá Ḥusayn, extols his faithfulness, and enjoins steadfastness, patience, and trust in God. Translations.
23. 2025-10. Epistle of the Báb to Mullá Asadu'lláh Qazvíní, The: The Báb, the Mystery of Divine Servitude. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Epistle revealed in reply to ten questions submitted by an eminent theologian of Qazvín who later became a supporter; on the mystery of servitude as the axis of all revelation; the paradox of the Manifestation’s station: exaltation concealed in humility. Translations.
24. 2025-10. Divine Proof and the Challenge of Revelation. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Epistle in response to the opposition of Mírzá Ibráhím-i-Shírází; the essence of religion lies not in ritual, but in submission to the command of the Qa'im; commentary on the Súrah of Joseph, the Qur'án, and the Ṣaḥífa as proofs surpassing human ability. Translations.
25. 2025-10. Báb's Epistle Refuting the Claims to the Station of Bābiyyat (Gatehood), The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . On the wisdom underlying the Báb's early declarations and the measured manner in which He unveiled His Cause; Shí‘í expectations concerning the promised Qá’im; spontaneous revelation of the Word of God as a true proof. Translations.
26. 2025-10. Epistle of the Báb to The Greatest Uncle, Ḥájí Mírzá Siyyid 'Alí, Revealed in Isfahán, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . An epistle which alludes to a confrontation that was to take place publicly in the Masjid-i-Jámi‘ of Isfahán between the Báb and the divines of Isfahán, invoking the judgment of God between truth and falsehood. Translations.
27. 2025-09. Epistle of the Báb Addressed to Mullá Muḥammad ʿAlí-i-Bárfurúshí, the Peerless Quddús, An. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . A Tablet of proclamation, call to faith, and mystical symbolism. Translations.
28. 2025-09. Tablet from the Writings of the Báb, A. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . A short Tablet, possibly revealed at Chihriq, in which the Báb counsels contentment amidst the trials of this fleeting life, and bids His followers prepare themselves for the destined encounter with their Lord. Translations.
29. 2025-09. Tablet of the Báb Revealed in Honor of Áqá Muḥammad Ḥusayn Ardīstānī, A. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . On the Báb’s identity as the long-expected Qāʾim; instructions for the transcription, arrangement, and preservation of sacred writings; symbolic use of the number 19; sanctity of the revealed Word; infinite value of even a single letter of God's words. Translations.
30. 2025-09. Epistle of the Báb to Shaykh ʿAlí Turshízí, An. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Brief tablet of praise for God and His unity; call to the followers to sanctify their deeds; the inalterability of the divine Word; the "Temple of Might from Our presence" decreed for each believer at the appointed hour. Translations.
31. 2025-09. Epistle of the Báb to Mullá ʿAbdu'l-Karím Qazvíní on Mirzá Yahyá, An. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . On a Tablet entrusting ʿAbdu’l-Karím with preserving the Writings of God, enshrining the prerogatives of the Beauteous Fruit, and the safeguarding of Yahya's heart, pure and without shadow; on "The Mirror of God and His Countenance." Translations.
32. 2025-08. Short All-Embracing Visitation Tablet (Ziyārat-i Jāmi'ah-yi Ṣaghīrah), The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Tablet recited by the early Bábís on Fridays, addressed to the family of Muhammad, with a litany of salutations upon the lineages and hierarchies of divine power, and the attributes of Will, Determination, Destiny, Decree, Permission, and the Book. Translations.
33. 2025-08. Báb's Epistle from Chihríq Addressed to Áqá Mírzá Ḥasan-ʿAlí, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Reply from Chiriq to the Báb’s younger maternal uncle on His acceptance of His imprisonment, comfort to His mother and grandmother who remain in Yazd, resolution to disputes about Himself, settling an account in Bombay, and a message to Muhammad Husayn. Translations.
34. 2025-08. Tablet to the Nineteenth Temple, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Essay on the meaning of "temple," haykal and the 5-pointed star, and the Letters of the Living, and a translation of a Tablet revealed by the Báb for the "Nineteenth Temple," the consummation of the first cycle of the Bábí Dispensation. Translations.
35. 2025-08. Epistle of Qāʾimiyyat, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Historical context and translation of letter announcing the advent of the promised Qá'im, an important document which marks a transition from veiled allusion to explicit messianic assertion in the Báb's Dispensation. Translations.
36. 2025-08. Epistle of the Báb to Muḥammad Sháh Qájár Revealed in Búshihr, An. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . History, context, and notes about a letter from Búshihr to the "King of Persia" marks a pivotal moment in the early unfoldment of the Báb's prophetic mission, shortly after His return from pilgrimage to Mecca and Medina. Translations.
37. 2025-08. Epistle of the Báb to Muḥammad Sháh Revealed at Síyáh-Dihán, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . A Tablet revealed in the village Síyáh-Dihán, as the Báb journeyed under escort to the fortress of Máh-Kú, about His divine authority and the transcendent power of His Revelation. Translations.
38. 2025-08. Epistle of the Báb to Muḥammad Shāh Qájár from Mákú, An: A Provisional Rendering of Its Twofold Revelation. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Historical context and detailed notes on a letter in which the Báb reminds the Shāh of his promise to grant Him an audience — an assurance given prior to his departure on a military campaign. Translations.
39. 2025-08. Epistle of the Báb to Ḥájí Mírzá Siyyid `Alí from Konár-Takhteh, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Historical context and translation of a letter from the Báb to the Greatest Uncle, written at Konár-Takhteh en route to Shíráz, describing some circumstances of His journey. Translations.
40. 2025-08. Tablet of the Báb Revealed in Búshihr and Addressed to Mullá Ṣādiq-i-Khurásání. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Overview of a tablet in which the Bab reproves and reassures Sadiq, reminds him of earlier injunctions, and enjoins him to be unafraid, proclaim the Cause of God, incorporate the testimony of remembrance in the call to prayer, and worship in the mosque. Translations.
41. 2025-07. Supplication by the Bab for Siyyid Kazim. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . A devotional supplication revealed in honour of the Shaykhí leader; study of the broader context of early Bábí discourse and devotional practice, contributing to the understanding of the Báb’s early writings and Shaykhí-Bábí relations. Translations.
42. 2025-07. Divine Utterances of the Bab Regarding Karím Khán Kirmání. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . An excerpt from a Tablet referring to a prominent Shaykhí and an opponent of the Báb’s mission, and the Báb’s theological response to Khán's claims. Translations.
43. 2025-07. Tablet of the Báb to Hádí and Muḥammad ʿAlí Qazvíní. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . The Báb's response to inquiries from two prominent early disciples, Mírzá Muḥammad Hádí Qazvíní and Mírzá Muḥammad ʿAlí Qazvíní, on theological and devotional matters and the journey to God. Translations.
44. 2025-07. First Epistle Revealed by the Báb to Mírzá Áqásí, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . First of four epistles sent to the Prime Minister of Iran, in which the Báb admonishes Áqásí to renounce worldly ambition and uphold justice. Translations.
45. 2025-07. Third Epistle Revealed by the Báb to Mírzá Áqásí, The. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . The third of four epistles sent to the Prime Minister of Iran denounces Áqásí in searing terms, likens his obstinacy to Pharaoh's and characterizes him as a rebellious tyrant devoid of shame or insight. Translations.
46. 2025-07. Fourth Epistle Revealed by the Báb to Mírzá Áqásí, The: Tawqīʿ-i-Qahriyyih (The Epistle of Divine Wrath). The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . This epistle to the Prime Minister indicts his complicity in the Báb’s sufferings and his failure to respond to the Divine summons, denounces the injustices inflicted by Ḥusayn Khán governor of Fárs, praises Manúchehr al-Dawlah, and warns of retribution. Translations.
47. 2025-07. Wrathful Voice of Divine Justice, The: An Exposition on the Fourth Epistle of the Báb to Ḥájí Mírzá Áqásí. Mohammad Norozi. On the central themes, structure, and theological dimensions of this "most unrestrained and awe-striking expression of divine wrath" in the Writings of the Báb; divine transcendence; apocalyptic imagery; detachment and the vindication of the Prophet. Essays.
48. 2025-07. Tablet of Divine Courage. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . This Tablet exhorts the faithful to rise, unmoved by opposition, anchored in spiritual steadfastness. It offers a meditation on constancy amidst trials, with vivid imagery and a stirring call to heroism. Translations.
49. 2025-07. Tablet of the Ascent of the Soul and the Hour of Departure. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Meditation on the nature of the soul, the illusion of worldly existence, and the eternal reality beyond mortality. The pure soul radiates influence; the impure is veiled. Sleep itself is a mirror of resurrection, and the angel of death brings liberation. Translations.
50. 2025-07. Visitation Tablet for Sháh ‘Abdu’l-‘Aẓím. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Tablet honoring Abdu'l-'Azím, a descendant of Imám Hasan, revealed for reciting at his tomb. Translations.
51. 2025-07. Letter of the Báb to His Beloved Mother. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . This letter to his mother is a rare example of the Báb’s personal correspondence, and offers a glimpse into the intimate devotion He maintained toward His mother amidst the harsh trials of imprisonment. Translations.
52. 2025-06. Prayer Revealed by the Báb for the Son of Siyyid Kazim Rashti, A. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . This exalted prayer, revealed by the Báb in honour of Āqā Siyyid Aḥmad Āqāzādih—son of the eminent Shaykhí leader Ḥájí Siyyid Kāẓim Rashtí—offers a luminous glimpse into the spiritual majesty of the Báb’s supplicatory style and divine devotion. Translations.
53. 2025-06. Inquiry and Revelation: The Questions of Mullá ʿAbdu'l-Jalíl-i Urumiyyih-i and the Báb's Epistle in Reply. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Translations.
54. 2025-06. Epistle of the Báb to Mullá Ḥasan Gawhar. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Translations.
55. 2025-06. Epistle of the Báb to Sharīf Sulaymān, the Sharīf of Mecca, and to the People of Mecca. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Translations.
56. 2025-06. Epistle of the Bab to Karim Khan Kirmani. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . This Arabic Epistle of the Báb, addressed to Karím Khān Kirmání and delivered by Quddús in 1845, rebukes the Shaykhí leader’s pretensions and denials. Despite its summons to truth, he opposed the Báb’s Cause and composed polemics against His Revelation. Translations.
57. 2025-05. إلى علماء تبريز (Tablet of the Báb Revealed to the Divines of Tabríz). The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Proclamation from the Castle of Chihriq to the ulama of the city of Tabriz, summoning them to the religion of God; includes Arabic text. Translations.
58. 2025-05. Tablet of the Báb Addressed to Mullá 'Abdu'l-Kháliq Yazdí. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Tablet on the theological concept of Yawm al-Badā', the "Day of the Alteration of Divine Will," in which the Báb explains the spiritual and metaphysical rationale for abandoning His intended journey to ʿIráq; background, context, and bio of Yazdí. Translations.
59. 2025-05. Letter of the Bab to His Uncle, Siyyid Hasan-'Alí (Khál-i-Aṣghar), A. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Letter to the Báb's uncle Khal-i-Asghar revealed during His imprisonment in Mákú, which offers a glimpse into His concern for His family; beyond its historical value, it reflects the Báb’s compassion, humility, and spiritual nobility amid tribulation. Translations.
60. 2025-05. Letter of the Báb to His Uncle, Siyyid Hasan-'Alí (Khál-i-Asghar), from Muscat. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Letter from the Báb to His uncle recounting His pilgrimage to Mecca and Medina, and entrusting His uncle with conveying its message to their relatives in Shíráz; includes Persian text, and an image of the Tablet in the Báb's own hand. Translations.
61. 2025-05. Tablet of the Báb Revealed in Muscat in Honour of Shaykh Salmán Āl-'Aṣfūr. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Addressed to a respected jurist of Bushihr, this Tablet - rich in Qur’anic cadence and imagery - affirms the divine origin of the Báb's Revelation, summons the people of the Qur'án to recognize Him, and warns the heedless of their fate. Translations.
62. 2025-05. Tablet of the Báb to His Uncle, Ḥájí Mírzá Siyyid Muḥammad (Khál-i-Akbar), Revealed in Muscat: Part II. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . This Tablet to His uncle in Búshihr, sent amid rising opposition to His Mission, reaffirms the truth of His Cause, instructs the establishment of a house for divine remembrance, and urges steadfastness in the path of God. Translations.
63. 2025-05. Tablet of the Báb to His Uncle, Ḥájí Mírzá Siyyid Muḥammad (Khál-i-Akbar), Revealed in Muscat: Part I. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . This Tablet composed in Quranic-style Arabic, addressed to the Báb's uncle and sent amid rising unrest following His public declaration in Mecca, offers reassurance, affirms the divine source of His Mission, and reasserts His divine authority. Translations.
64. 2025-05. آفاق برهان، انفس معنا: تأملی در دلائل سبعه حضرت باب (The Horizons of Proof, the Souls of Meaning: A Reflection on the Seven Proofs of the Báb). Iman Motlagh Arani. A critical reconstruction of the Dalā’il-i-Sab‘ih, presenting formalized arguments and assessing their logical coherence and hermeneutic depth. Articles-unpublished.
65. 2025-02. Epistle of the Báb to Azal: Commentary and Translation. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Introduction, background, and references to the Epistle by the Báb for Mírzá Yahyá, the Tawqi'a Vasyat, commonly and erroneously referred to as the "Will and Testament of the Bab," followed by a provisional translation. Translations.
66. 2025-02. Epistle of the Báb to His Uncles, Haji Mirza Siyyid Muhammad and Haji Mirza Siyyid Ali. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Introduction to and annotated provisional translation of the Epistle revealed by the Báb to His maternal uncles Haji Mirza Siyyid Muhammad (the Greater Uncle) and Haji Mirza Siyyid Ali (the Greatest Uncle). Translations.
67. 2025-02. Prayers and Tablets from the Báb, Some. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . A provisional translation of the Tablet revealed by the Báb while He was confined in the castle of Máh-Kú for Mulla Nowruz Ali, and a selected prayer from the Writings of the Báb. Translations.
68. 2025-02. Letter of the Báb to His Wife. The Báb, Mohammad Norozi, trans. . Letter of the Báb to His wife, Khadijah Bagum, written sometime between June 1845 and September 1846 in Shiraz, following a family meeting regarding the Báb's claim and proclamation. Translations.
69. 2025. Qur'án in Bahá'í Writings, The. Todd Lawson, Necati Alkan. Overview of the place of the Qur'án in Bahá'í theology and hermeneutics, and as featured in the writings of the Báb, Bahá'u'lláh, and Abdu'l-Bahá. Articles.
70. 2024-11. Short Chronological List of the Báb's Writings, A. Nader Saiedi, A. Bolhuis, ed. . Overview of some of the major, or more frequently mentioned, works of the Báb in chronological order. Chronologies.
71. 2024-08. Question-answer session from "Text and Context in the Bahá'í Heroic Age". Nader Saiedi, Alison Marshall, ed. . Partial transcript of the Q&A portion of a talk on the Bahá'í writings and the need for scholars to index and translate these texts; the metaphysical nature of the Manifestations. Transcripts.
72. 2023 / 2025. Invocation 'Is There Any Remover of Difficulties Save God...', The. Muhammad Afnan, Adib Masumian, trans. . Short overview of the historical background of the Báb's invocation. Essays.
73. 2023. Báb and 'Alí Muhammad, Islamic and Post-Islamic, The: Multiple Meanings in the Writings of Sayyid 'Alí Muhammad Shírází (1819-1850). Zackery Mirza Heern. Writings of the Báb can be understood as a commentary on the Qur'án, the original Qur'án, and divine revelation; the metaphors and symbolism of Gate (Báb), Remembrance (Dhikr), and Point (Nuqtah). Link to article (offsite). Articles.
74. 2021-11. Haykal or "Star Tablet" Written in the Báb's Own Hand: Form, Content, and Provisional Translation. Dergham Aqiqi, Todd Lawson. Detailed analysis of the content and translation of an undated haykal; the relation between the Báb’s composition and the Qur'an; scriptural/verbal and figural/artistic modes of revelation; symbolism of the star shape; role of repetition; dominion. Presentations.
75. 2020-04-10. Writings of the Báb, The: Notes from Talks given by Dr. Nader Saiedi. Nader Saiedi, Anonymous, comp. . Structured summarized notes from Dr. Saiedi’s 2019 talks on the Báb’s Writings, delivered at the Swedish and Norwegian Bahá'í summer school 2019, highlighting key theological concepts and themes. Includes some provisional translations quoted in the talks. Talks.
76. 2020-03. Art and the Interconnectedness of All Things. Todd Lawson. Art as a mode of divine revelation in the Wrings and Calligraphy of the Báb. Essays.
77. 2020. Persian Bayan ("Exposition"): From A.L.M. Nicolas' French translation. The Báb, Anonymous, trans. . Bayan-i-Farsi ("Persian Exposition"), translated from the original Persian into French by A.L.M. Nicolas (as Le Beyan Persan), then translated into English by Anonymous. Translations.
78. 2020. He Whom God Shall Make Manifest: Notes on Gematria, Tetractys, The Báb's identification of Him, and Opposition to Bahá'u'lláh. Grover Gonzales. On the Bab's use of numerology and cabalistic interpretation of scripture, and his use of amulets and talismans, as tools to help his disciples find and recognize the coming Manifestation, the "Qa'im," Man Yuzhiruhu'lláh. Articles-unpublished.
79. 2020. Maid of Heaven, The: A Personal Compilation. The Báb, Bahá'u'lláh, Shoghi Effendi, Universal House of Justice, Anonymous, comp. . Compilation of texts related to the Maid of Heaven, a personification of the “Most Great Spirit." Compilations-personal.
80. 2020. Languages of Revelation of the Bahá'í Writings, The. Adib Masumian, Violetta Zein. Statistical analysis of the languages of revelation (Arabic and Persian) of all major works of the Bab, Bahá'u'lláh, and Abdu'l-Bahá. Resources.
81. 2020. Báb and the Bábí Community of Iran, The. Fereydun Vahman, ed. On the Báb's life, teachings, and writings; the Bábí community's formation, conflicts, and transition to the Bahá'í Faith; social, theological, and historical perspectives. Includes table-of-contents, select articles, and link to book preview. Excerpts.
82. 2019-10-29. Star Tablet of the Bab, The. Moojan Momen. Guest post celebrating the bicentenary of the birth of the Bab with an account of one of the Bahá'í Faith's most important manuscripts, the Star Tablet, written in his own hand. Essays.
83. 2019-09-24. Marking the Bicentenary of the Birth of the Bāb. Moojan Momen. Guest post for the launch of the British Library's "Discovering Sacred Texts" exhibition, on three unique haykal and calligraphy works of the Bāb and Bahā’u’llāh which are on display for the first time. Essays.
84. 2019-09. Worldview and the Laws of the Bayán. Nader Saiedi. Explores the Persian Bayán's spiritual worldview and laws through four talks, offering insights into the Báb's Dispensation. Audio.
85. 2019. Analysis of the Salient Features of Risáliy-i-Ja'faríyyih, An. Foad Seddigh. This treatise, one of the major writings of the Báb, was written before He had disclosed His complete station of prophethood to the public. It comments on an Islamic prayer for the advent of the promised Qa'im. Includes translation. Articles.
86. 2019. Twofold Mission, A: Some Distinctive Characteristics of the Person and Teachings of the Báb. Elham Afnan. Some features of the Bab's life and Writings highlighting the rare combination of qualities that have come to be associated with him. Articles.
87. 2019. Bahá'í Sacred Texts. Moojan Momen. The Baha’i Faith is a scriptural religion. Momen explains the Baha’i beliefs about sacred texts and prophets, the transmission and distribution of the scripture and its role in the community (archived copy, original offline). Articles.
88. 2019. Writings of the Báb: Lecture Series at the Norwegian Summer School. Nader Saiedi. On topics including the concept of God; Manifestations of God; Day of Resurrection, heaven and hell; the Imamate, the Hidden Imam; divine justice and free will; reason, independence; human rights, equality, women. Links to audio files, offsite. Audio.
89. 2018. List of Bahá'í Studies and Translations. Stephen Lambden, A. Bolhuis, comp. . A list of content available at Lambden's personal website, Hurqalya Publications, with select links to manuscripts, texts, introductions. Includes Shaykhi and Bábí studies, bibliographies, genealogies, provisional translations. Resources.
90. 2017 Autumn. Signs: Quranic Themes in the Writings of the Báb. Todd Lawson. With the composition of the Qayyum al-asma, the Báb demonstrated the incredible breadth and depth of His knowledge and that He had fully interiorized, indeed embodied, the Quran. Selected themes briefly illustrated with quotations from the Qur'an. Articles.
91. 2014. Text and Context in the Bahá'í Heroic Age. Nader Saiedi. A series of 12 talks by Nader Saiedi exploring Bahá'í history, key writings, and the need for scholarly study, translation, and contextual analysis of Bahá'í texts. Audio.
92. 2013/2020/2025. Loom of Reality and Partial Inventory of the Works of the Central Figures of the Bahá'í Faith. Steven Phelps, comp. Overview of and links to the "Partial Inventory," a catalog of over 29,000 works attributed to the Báb, Bahá’u’lláh, or Abdu'l-Bahá, and "Loom of Reality: Outline of Topics," a thematic compilation of quotations from the Bahá’í Writings and beyond. Bibliographies.
93. 2013. Religious Authority and Apocalypse: Tafsír as Experience in an Early Work by The Báb. Todd Lawson. Analysis of the Báb's commentary on the Qur'an's longest chapter, Surat al-baqara, regarded as his first significant work, which includes themes such as divine self-manifestation, the hierarchy of existence, eschatology, and religious authority. Articles.
94. 2013. Notes and Observations on some of the Writings of the Báb. Moshe Sharon. Only a small portion of the Bab's writings are available in English. This is a summary of the untranslated writings: main topics include legalism, esotericism, polarity, millenarianism, divine will, the Bayan, letters and numbers, creation, divine grace. Articles-unpublished.
95. 2012. Most Noble Pattern, A: Collected Essays on the Writings of the Báb, `Alí Muhammad Shirazi (1819-1850). Todd Lawson, ed, Omid Ghaemmaghami, ed. Sixteen essays by many of the leading specialists on the sometimes very difficult and challenging writings of the Báb. Includes link to audio recordings of a descendant of the Báb reading from his works. Books.
96. 2012. Readings from the Writings of The Báb. The Báb, Muhammad Afnan, reader. . Link to audio recordings of a descendant of the Báb reading from two of his most important works, Qayyúm al-Asmá' "Surah to the Kings" and the Bayán-i-farsí (Persian Bayán). Audio.
97. 2012. Grammar of the Divine, A: Translation, Notes, and Semi-Critical Edition of the Báb's Risāla fī al-naḥw wa al-ṣarf. William F. McCants. A critical edition of the Bāb’s "Treatise on Grammar" including the Arabic original, English translation, and notes; Shaykh Ahmad’s metaphysical grammar; the operation of God's will in the created world. Articles.
98. 2012. Gnostic Apocalypse and Islam, by Todd Lawson: Review. Christopher Buck. Reviews.
99. 2011. Perfection and Refinement: Towards an Aesthetics of the Bab. Moojan Momen. The writings of the Bab have implications for the "plastic" arts; significance for native traditions; relevance to the performing arts; and the concept of refinement which comes across in both the person and the writings of the Báb. Articles.
100. 2011. Women in the works of the Bab and in the Babi Movement. Moojan Momen. Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite. Encyclopedia.
101. 2010-08. Gate of the Heart: Understanding the Writings of the Báb, by Nader Saiedi: Review. Robert Stockman. Reviews.
102. 2010-04. Gate of the Heart: Understanding the Writings of the Báb, by Nader Saiedi: Review. Stephen Lambden. Though limited in scholastic accuracy, this book will be appreciated by those seeking an introduction to the life and writings of the Bab, and is a worthwhile volume that contributes significantly to the neglected field of Babi-Bahá'í studies. Reviews.
103. 2010. Writings of the Bab, The: A Survey Based on English Language Sources. Robert Stockman. PowerPoint presentation on the scope, style, and history of the Writings of The Báb. Presentations.
104. 2009-2025. Translation List: Provisional Translations of Baháʼí Texts. Adib Masumian, trans. Index to talks, letters, and other items translated from Persian and Arabic to English by Adib Masumian; listed here for the sake of search engines and tagging. Bibliographies.
105. 2009-2011. Provisional Translations of Selected Writings of the Báb, Baháʼuʼlláh, and ʻAbdu'l-Bahá. Peyman Sazedj. Twenty-four translations from 2009, 2010, and 2011 copied from the defunct website peyman.sazedj.org. Translations.
106. 2009. Gate of the Heart: Understanding the Writings of the Báb, by Nader Saiedi: Review. Jack McLean. Review of the book, expanded into an essay on the Bab's ethics, laws, and use of symbolism. Reviews.
107. 2008/2015. Prophet in Modern Times, A. A. L. M. Nicolas, Peter Terry, trans. . Partial translation of A.L.M. Nicolas' Seyyed Ali Mohammed dit le Bab, with extensive notes and explanations. Articles-unpublished.
108. 2008. Seven Proofs, The. The Báb, A. L. M. Nicolas, trans, Peter Terry, trans. . English translation by Peter Terry of Nicolas' French translation of The Báb's "Seven Proofs." Translations.
109. 2008. Gate of the Heart: Understanding the Writings of the Bab (contents and index only). Nader Saiedi. A lengthy, detailed examination of the context, chronology, and content of the writings of the Báb. (Link to document, offsite; only the contents and index are on this site, for keyword searching.) Excerpts.
110. 2007. Mírzá Yahyá Azal, Designation of in the Writings of the Báb. Universal House of Justice. UHJ-letters.
111. 2007. Will and Testament of The Báb. The Báb. One-page scan of a document commonly, though inaccurately, referred to as the "Will and Testament." Writings.
112. 2007. Baron Rosen's Archive Collection of Bábí and Bahá'í Materials. Youli A. Ioannesyan. Baron V. R. Rosen's unpublished materials relating to Bábí and Bahá'í studies, including his correspondence with A. G. Tumanski and E. G. Browne, and official reports of Russian diplomats. Articles.
113. 2007. Stylistic Analysis of the Báb's Writings, A: Abridged Translation of Vahid Behmardi's Muqaddamih-yi dar bárih-yi sabk va siyáq-i áthár-i mubárakih-yi ḥaḍrat-i rabb a`lá. Vahid Behmardi, William F. McCants. English translation by McCants of Behmardi's Persian article "Stylistic Analysis of the Báb’s Writings". Articles.
114. 2007. Authority of the Feminine and Fatima's Place in an Early Work by the Bab, The. Todd Lawson. While Tahirih inspired many in Europe and eventually America, she is very much a daughter of her own culture, history, mythology, and religion. She was a religious mystic who felt a new day arising in the world, and seen by some as the "return" of Fatima. Articles.
115. 2006. Bahá'í Faith in the Arabic Speaking Middle East, The: Part 1 (1753-1863). Ramsey Zeine. Bábí and early Bahá'í links to the Arab world and the Arabic language; the identity of the Faith is a fusion of Persian and Arab origins. Articles.
116. 2006. St. Petersburg 19th Century Orientalist Collection of Materials on the Bábí and Bahá'í Faiths, The: Primary and Other Sources. Youli A. Ioannesyan. The important work of Russian scholars up to 1917 in collecting Bábí and Bahá’í materials; a detailed listing of available materials. Articles.
117. 2005. Autobibliography in the Writings of the Báb: Translation of the Khutba Dhikriyya. Vahid Brown. A discussion of four of the Báb's autobibliographical works (the Kitáb al-Fihrist, al-Kitáb al-`Ulamá, al-Khutba al-Dhikriyya, and al-Khutba fí'l-Jidda) as related both to antecedents in Islamic literature and to the Báb's messianic self-conception. Articles.
118. 2004-09. Will and Testament: Translation and Commentary. The Báb, Sepehr Manuchehri, trans. . Examination of four available manuscripts, dates of issue, variations, exclusions, verse numbering followed by a running commentary on its tone, message and implications for the future of the Bábí movement. Study.
119. 2004-05-28. Tablet of the Báb Lawh-i-Vasaya, "Will and Testament"; Titles of Mírzá Yahyá. Universal House of Justice. Two questions: on the Tablet of the Bab "Lawh-i-Vasaya: The Will and Testament"; the nature of the appointment and titles of Mírzá Yahyá. Includes two attachments: Tablet of the Bab Lawh-i-Vasaya and excerpt from Making the Crooked Straight. UHJ-letters.
120. 2004. New Religions and Religious Movements: The Common Heritage. Moshe Sharon. The 19th Century; Croce’s religion of liberty; modern religious activity; the Qur'an and classical heritage; nature of revelation; magic and the names of God; mysticism of names and letters for the Bab; the letter bá'; Tafsir Basmalah. Articles.
121. 2004. Historiography: Qajar Period and Bábí and Bahá'í works. Abbas Amanat. Brief excerpt, with link to article offsite. Encyclopedia.
122. 2004. Textual Resurrection: Book, Imám, and Cosmos in the Qur'án Commentaries of the Báb. Vahid Brown. on the notions of textuality underlying the Báb's Qur'ánic commentaries; the history of Qur'ánic commentary in Islam as context; the Báb's readings of the Qur'án as 'messianic performances'. Articles.
123. 2003. Epistle of Sayyid 'Alí Muhammad 'the Báb' to Sultan Abdulmecid. Necati Alkan. The Bab's Tablet to Sultan Abdulmecid and some notes on early Bábís in the Ottoman Empire. Articles.
124. 2002/2010/2013. Texts, Sacred, Numbers and Classifications of. Universal House of Justice. Three letters, from 2002, 2010, and 2013, about numbers of Sacred Texts catalogued by the Bahá'í World Center and their classification into "authenticated," "revised," and "transcribed." UHJ-letters.
125. 2002. Qayyum al-Asma' Sura 93: Chapter of the Bees (Qayyum al-Asma 93: Surat al-nahl): A commentary on the Sura of Joseph, "The Best of Stories". The Báb, Todd Lawson, trans. . Translation, and lengthy commentary, on the Súratu’l-Nahl. Translations.
126. 2002. Notes and Commentary on the Tablets of Bahá'u'lláh: Wilmette Institute study materials. Jonah Winters, comp. Large collection of outlines, commentaries, and study guides prepared by Wilmette Institute faculty. Resources.
127. 2002. Arabic Grammar of the Báb, The. William F. McCants. Muslim detractors of the Bab have often criticized his grammar. Did the Bab make grammatical errors due to a poor knowledge of the language, or did he intentionally coin a new grammar? Articles-unpublished.
128. 2002. Báb's Epistle on the Spiritual Journey towards God, The. Todd Lawson. A preliminary translation and discussion of the Bab's Risála fi's-Sulúk, one of his earliest extant compositions. It provides a brief discussion of the mystic quest, and sheds light on the Báb's relationship to the Shaykhi movement and to Sayyid Kázim. Articles.
129. 2001-12-28. Yá Alláhu'l-Mustagháth": Original Source, Correct Transliteration and Translation. Universal House of Justice. About an invocation revealed by the Báb, prescribed for recitation in times of trouble and difficulty. UHJ-letters.
130. 2001-06. Persian Bayan, The: From A.L.M. Nicolas' French translation. The Báb, A. L. M. Nicolas, trans, Ismael Velasco, trans. . Four short chapters from The Báb's book of laws. Translation of Nicolas’s Le Beyán Persan, translated from the French, with reference to the Persian, by Ismael Velasco. Translations.
131. 2001. "Point" and "Letter" in the Writings of the Báb. Muhammad Afnan. In the Báb’s writings, the Point of Truth is the source of all existence in both the spiritual and the material world, and letters and words are given spiritual meaning. His system is distinctively different from that of the Hurúfís and Nuqtavís, however. Articles.
132. 2001. Excerpts from the Risáliy-i-Dhahabiyyih. The Báb, Keven Brown, trans. . On effulgences, essence, and unity of existence. Translations.
133. 2000 Summer. Báb's Bayan, The: An Analytical Survey. Muhammad Afnan. Analysis of the Bayan and its contents: fundamental beliefs and worldview, moral principles, laws, administration of society, and future expectations. Articles.
134. 2000. Dwight Barstow Collection. Thellie Lovejoy, comp. Partial scans of the 478 translated tablets and other English documents from the archive of American collector Dwight Barstow. Archives.
135. 2000. Barstow Collection: Contents, Index, and Compiler's Notes. Thellie Lovejoy. Introduction to and contents list of the 478 translated tablets and other English documents from the library of American collector Dwight Barstow. Archives.
136. 2000. Dutch Library Holdings. Sen McGlinn, comp. Complete list of items relating to Bábí or Bahá'í studies in multiple languages, housed in the three principal and other libraries across the Netherlands. Archives.
137. 2000. Persian Bayan, The: Partial translation. The Báb, Denis MacEoin, trans. . A partial provisional translation of the Persian Bayan. Translations.
138. 1999-2007. Association for Bahá'í Studies in Southern Africa: Website archive. Association for Bahá'í Studies in Southern Africa. Backup of the homepage of ABS-SA, with local links to any material imported into BLO. — in process Link.
139. 1998. Tablet to Mullá Muhammad Báqir-i Tabrízí: Extracts. The Báb, Stephen Lambden, trans. . Extract from a Tablet of the Bab to the 13th Letter of the Living, in reply to his question about Man yuzhiruhu'lláh, "He Whom God will make Manifest." Translations.
140. 1998. Notes on The Báb, Some. Robert Stockman. Brief overview of sources on the Bábí period, the Bab's history, and his writings. Articles-unpublished.
141. 1998. Qur'an Commentary as Sacred Performance: The Bab's tafsirs of Qur'an 103 and 108, the Declining Day and the Abundance. Todd Lawson. Quranic commentary played a major role in the formation of the Bábí movement. Early Babis were impressed by the Bab's innovative interpretation of scripture. As the Bab's claims became more widely known, his language became less esoteric. Articles.
142. 1997-10. Tablet of Visitation for the wife of the Bab, Khadijih Begum. Bahá'u'lláh, Ahang Rabbani, trans. . Translation of and brief commentary on a tablet in honor of Khadijeh Bagum. Translations.
143. 1997. Juan Cole manuscript and book collection: Shaykhi, Babi, and Baha'i texts. Juan Cole, comp. Manuscripts and books in Cole's library and selected Iranian National Bahá'í Archive contents. Archives.
144. 1997. Background and Centrality of Apophatic Theology in Bábí and Bahá'í Scripture, The. Stephen Lambden. History of the theological position of the incomprehensibility-unknowability of God in past major Abrahamic religions and its importance and significance for contemporary Bahá'ís. Articles.
145. 1996-02-14. Prayer of the Bab "God Sufficeth...," Two versions of. Universal House of Justice. The original text of the prayer "God Sufficeth" has not been found, and there may be two versions. UHJ-letters.
146. 1996. Kitab-i-Panj Sha'n. John Walbridge. Brief essay on, and partial translation of, this work of the Bab. Translations.
147. 1996. Mission of the Báb, The: Retrospective 1844-1994. Douglas Martin. The revelation of the Báb in the context of its impact on the Western writers of the period and its subsequent influence. Articles.
148. 1994-10-02. Bayan (Bayán-i-Farsí and Bayán-i-'Arabí), The: Letters and Letters of the Living. Universal House of Justice, Iraj Ayman, Muhammad Afnan, Robert Stockman. Study.
149. 1994. Tablet of Visitation for Mulla Muhammad 'Ali-i-Barfurushi (Quddús) (Ziyarat-Namih-i-Mullá Muhammad \'Alí-i-Barfurushí). The Báb. A tablet written by the Bab in honor of Quddus. Translations.
150. 1992. Sources for Early Bábí Doctrine and History, The: A Survey. Denis MacEoin. Thorough, annotated list of writings and sources relevant to Bahá'í historical research. Includes index of first lines and titles of writings of The Báb (see scan #1). Books.
151. 1991-10-03. Yá 'Aliyyu'l-A'lá. Universal House of Justice, Research Department. On the meaning and correct transliteration of "Yá 'Aliyyu'l-A'lá" (O Thou Most High"), where it can be found, and if it is an invocation to the Báb. UHJ-letters.
152. 1987-07. Qur'an Commentary of Sayyid 'Alí Muhammad, the Báb, The: Doctoral dissertation. Todd Lawson. A study of the Báb's two earliest works, partial commentaries on the Qur'an entitled "Tafsír súrat al-baqara" and "Tafsír súrat Yúsuf" (aka The Qayyum al-Asma), in an attempt to appreciate the Bab's attitude towards the Qur'an. Theses.
153. 1987. Persian Bayan, A Summary. The Báb, E. G. Browne, Moojan Momen, ed. . Overview and summary of The Bab's Persian Bayán, translated by Browne, edited by Momen. Writings.
154. 1986. Bahá'í Revelation, The. Universal House of Justice, comp. Passages from Fire and Light and Selections from the Writings of the Bab published in Bahá'í World as a section titled "Part One: The Bahá'í Revelation." Compilations.
155. 1984/2016. Sélection des Écrits du Báb. The Báb. Writings.
156. 1982 [1976]. Selections from the Writings of the Báb. The Báb, Habib Taherzadeh, trans, Committee at the Bahá'í World Centre, trans. . Writings.
157. 1982. Selección de los Escritos del Báb: Compilado por el Departamento de Investigación de la Casa Universal de Justicia. The Báb, Habib Taherzadeh, trans, Malihe Forghani, trans. . Spanish translation of Selections from the Writings of The Báb. Writings.
158. 1980. Arabic Bayan, The: From A.L.M. Nicolas' French translation. The Báb, A. L. M. Nicolas, trans, Peter Terry, trans. . Translations.
159. 1976-1978. Iranian National Bahá'í Archives (INBA). Various. 105 volumes of Bahá'í writings and manuscripts, compiled before the Islamic revolution in Iran by the Bahá'í National Spiritual Assembly and distributed as photocopies to Bahá'í scholars and archives, for preservation. Archives.
160. 1976. کتاب مستطاب بیان فارسی (Authoritative Book of Bayan, Farsi). The Báb. A typed copy of the Persian Bayán originally in the handwriting of the Báb's amanuensis Husayn Yazdi. Books.
161. 1972/2016. Épître du Báb aux Lettres du Vivant. The Báb. Writings.
162. 1969-11-21. Talk given by Hand of the Cause of God A.Q. Faizi, Australia. Abu'l-Qásim Faizí. Discussion of "Standards and Values, "Explanations from the Writings of the Báb," and "How to Study the Book of Íqán" Talks.
163. 1911-1914. Le Béyan Persan. The Báb, A. L. M. Nicolas, trans. . French translation of the Persian Bayán, one of the principal writings of the Báb. Translations.
164. 1910. Bábíism. E. G. Browne. Encyclopedia.
165. 1905. Seyyèd Ali Mohammed, dit le Bâb. A. L. M. Nicolas. The first detailed biography of The Bab written in a Western language. Books.
166. 1892-10. Catalogue and Description of 27 Bábí Manuscripts 2 (Continued from Page 499). E. G. Browne. Categorization, descriptions, and excerpts of 27 manuscripts by the Bab, Bahá'u'lláh, Abdu'l-Bahá, and Subh-i-Azal. Articles.
167. 1892-07. Catalogue and Description of 27 Bábí Manuscripts. E. G. Browne. Categorization, descriptions, and excerpts of 27 manuscripts by the Bab, Bahá'u'lláh, Abdu'l-Bahá, and Subh-i-Azal. Articles.
168. 1889-10. Bábís of Persia, The: 2. Their Literature and Doctrines. E. G. Browne. Overview of Bábí literature and doctrine. Articles.
169. 1844. Báb's Farewell Address to the Letters of the Living, The. The Báb, Nabil-i-A'zam. The Báb's farewell speech to the Letters of the Living, extracted from Nabil-i-A'zam's The Dawn-Breakers, pp. 92-94. Pilgrims.

1. 1844-05-22 —
   Declaration of the Báb's Mission

   Two hours and eleven minutes after sunset Siyyid `Alí-Muhammad made His declaration to Mullá Husayn-i-Bushrú'í in the upper room of His House. [DB52-65]

   "I am, I am, I am, the promised One! I am the One whose name you have for a thousand years invoked, at whose mention you have risen, whose advent you have longed to witness, and the hour of whose Revelation you have prayed God to hasten. Verily I say, it is incumbent upon the peoples of both the East and the West to obey My word and to pledge allegiance to My person." [DB315-316]

   • See SI231 for information on the anticipated return of the Hidden Imam. See BBR2pg42-3 and DB57 for a list of signs by which the Promised One would be known.
   • See BW5p600-4 for a brief biography of William Miller the founder of the Adventist sect who, after intense study of the Bible, had predicted the return of Christ on March 21, 1844. See BW5p604 for mention of other Christians who made similar predictions.
   • See DB383 and BBR2pg25 for information on Mulla Husayn-i-Bushru'i. See CoB110 for the significance of the first believer.
   • See SBBH1:14 for a possible explanation for Mullá Husayn's presence in Shíráz at this time.
   • Nabíl-i-A`zam relates that Mullá Husayn was welcomed at the Báb's mansion by Mubárak, His Ethiopian servant. Others resident in this house at the time were Fiddih (f), responsible for the preparation of the food and the mother of Siyyid 'Alí-Muhammad, Zahrá Bagum. [DB53; KBWB5]
   • For more information about Mubarack see Black Pearls: Servants in the Household of the Bab and Baha'U'Llah p21-22.
   • He revealed the first chapter of the Qayyúmu'l-Asmá' (the Commentary on the Súrih of Joseph. The entire text would later be translated from the original Arabic by Táhirih. [B19–21; BBD190–1; BBRSM14–15; BKG28; BW12:85–8; BWMF16; DB52–65, 264, 216, BBR2pg14-15, GPB23, 73; MH56–71; SBBH17, HotD30]
     • Bahá'u'lláh has described this book as being `the first, the greatest, and mightiest of all books' in the Bábí Dispensation. [GPB23]
     • See SBBH5pg1 for discussion on the Qayyumu'l-Asma'.
     • This text was the most widely circulated of all the Báb's writings and came to be regarded as the Bábí Qur'an for almost the entirety of His mission. [BBRSM32]
     • Images of the Qayyum al-asma' ('Maintainer of the names') can be see at the website of the British Library, Discovering Sacred Texts.
   • This date marks the end of the Adamic Cycle of approximately six thousand years and the beginning of the Bahá'í Cycle or Cycle of Fulfilment. [BBD9, 35, 72; GPB100] Shoghi Effendi is quoted as saying that this is the second most important anniversary on the Bahá'í calendar. [ZK320]
   • The beginning of the Apostolic, Heroic or Primitive Age. [BBD35, 67]
   • See MH86–7 for an explanation of the implication of the word `Báb' to the Shí'í Muslims.
   • Three stages of the Báb's Revelation:
     1. He chose the title `Báb' and Mullá Husayn was given the title Bábu'l-Báb (the gate of the Gate).
     2. In the second year of the Revelation (from His confinement in the house of His uncle in Shíráz) He took the title of Siyyid-i-dhikr (dhikr means `remembrance of God') and gave the title `Báb' to Mullá Husayn. At Fort Tabarsí Mullá Husayn was called `Jináb-i Báb' by his companions.
     3. At His public declaration the Báb declared Himself to be the promised Qá'im. [MH87–8]
2. 1844-07-02 —
   The intention of the Báb was to introduce the new Revelation slowly so as not to cause estrangement. He instructed the Letters of the Living to spread out and teach His Faith and to this end He assigned each one a special task, most often to their own native provinces. This is analogous to Christ's instructions to His disciples. He instructed them to record the name of every believer who embraced the Faith and to send their lists to His uncle, Hájí Mírzá 'Alí in Shíráz in a sealed envelope. His intention was to classify these lists once received into 18 sets of names with 19 names each (one Vahid meaning "Unity"). A list with the names of 18 Letters of the Living plus His own name would constitute the 19th set making one Kull-i-Shay (meaning "all things" with a value of 361). Thus fourteen Letters of the Living were dispatched; only Mullá Husayn and Quddús remained with Him. [BBRSM14–16, 36; SWB119; BBR2p36; DB92–4, 123; MH82–6; SBBH1:19]
   • To Mullá Husayn He had given the task of delivering a Tablet to Bahá'u'lláh in Tihrán and going to the court of the Sháh to apprise him of the Báb's cause. Mullá Husayn was not able to gain access to the Sháh. [B48–57; BBRSM15 BKG32–3; CH22–3; DB85-87, 96, 97; MH90–2, 102] He was also directed to send Him a written report on the nature and progress of his activities in Isfáhán, Tehran and in Khurásán. Not until He received this letter from Khurásán would He depart on pilgrimage. [DB123]
   • Mullá Husayn carried a Tablet revealed by the Báb for Muhammad Sháh to Tihrán . This was the first of a number of unsuccessful attempts to make him aware of the Revelation. [BBRSM20–1; MH102; SWB13]
   • Note: MH118-119 and DB127-128 indicate that Mullá Husayn had been in Tehran "between the months of Jámádí and Rajab". The first day of Jámádí, 1260 corresponds to 18 June, and the last day of Rajab to 15 August, 1844.
   • See RB2:303, `The Báb … sent Tablets to only two monarchs of His day — Muhammad Sháh of Persia and Sultán `Abdu'l-Majíd of Turkey.'
   • From Shiraz Mullá Husayn journeyed north to Isfahán where his message was rejected by the 'ulamás. Mullá Ja'far, the sifter of wheat, was the first and only one to embrace the Cause of the Báb in that city. There was however, a disciple of Siyyid Kazim, Mírzá Muhammad-'Alíy-i-Nahrí, who had been instructed to go to Isfahan some five years earlier to prepare the way for the advent of the new Revelation, who was receptive to the message of Mulla Husayn. He was instructed to go to Kirmán and acquaint Hájí Mírzá Karím Khán with the Message and then to travel to Shiraz. (This man's daughter was subsequently joined in wedlock with 'Abdu'l-Bahá.)[DB100]
   • Mullá Husayn then traveled to Káshán, about 130 miles from Isfahán. He had great success in that city but news of his conversion brought the wrath of the official clergy down upon him. [DB101note1; DB123-125]
   • He then went to Qum, another 100 miles from Káshán where he met with no success. After Qum he went to Tihrán. [MH98–101, DB101]
   • In Tihrán he took residence in a madrisih and first met with the leader of the shaykhí community, Hájí Mírzá Muhammad, but he failed to win him over. He did, however, manage to convince a number of souls in private conversations. [DB103note1] This same reference seems to indicate that his well-wishers assisted in delivering the Tablet to Muhammad Sháh and his minister, Hájí Mírzá Àqásí but they did not receive it. " the book was not submitted to thy presence, through the intervention of such as regard themselves the well-wishers of the government." [Selections from the Writings of the Báb page 13]
   • See Bab53–6; DB104–7, MH104–110 for the delivery of the Báb's Tablet to Bahá'u'lláh by the young student, Mullá Huhammad-i-Mu'allim, a native of Núr. Mullá Husayn did not meet Bahá'u'lláh on this occasion.
   • On receiving the Tablet of the Báb, Bahá'u'lláh accepted His Cause and asked that a gift of a loaf of Russian sugar and a package of tea be given to Mulla Husayn for delivery to the Báb. [DB106-107] See DB123-125 for his activities in Khán.
   • Mullá Husayn left for Khurásán, as he had been instructed, winning supporters for the Báb's Cause while there he wrote to the Báb regarding these new believers and Bahá'u'lláh's immediate response to the Báb's Revelation. [Bab56, DB128–9, MH118]
   • After Khurásán he travelled to Najaf and Karbilá where he was to wait for further instructions from the Báb. [DB86]
   • See MH121–2 for a discussion of the speed of Mullá Husayn's journey before the letter was dispatched to the Báb. It assumes that Mullá Husayn departed after the Báb met with all the Letters of the Living (date not before 2 July, 1844.) In fact both Mullá Husayn and Mullá 'Alíy-Bastámí had been dispatched before this meeting. [DB85-86, 92, HotD46]
3. 1844-12-20 —
   The Báb made a declaration of His mission by standing at the Ka`bih, holding the ring of the door and repeating three times that He is the Qá'im. It is said that an unnatural silence overcame the crowd of 70,000 pilgrims so that His proclamation was heard by all. This explains why the population seemed "primed" to receive the news of the coming of the Promised One and why the population was so receptive. [The Divine Curriculum: The Báb Vol 5 Part 1, p150 by Edward Price.
   • On the last day of His pilgrimage, the 24th of December, He made an open challenge to Mírzá Muhammad-Husayn-i-Kirmání, known as Muhít, of the Shaykhí school promising him that He would answer any questions he might pose on the condition that he either refute His Cause or bear allegiance to it. He fled for Medina before honouring his promise to submit questions. The Báb, while in transit to Medina, wrote a reply to the questions which had perplexed Mírzá Muhít (The Epistle between the Two Shrines) and had it delivered to him in Karbilá. He remained unmoved by the precepts inculcated, his attitude to the Faith was one of concealed and persistent opposition. [DB137-138; SBBR5p103-104; Bab73–4; The Genesis of the Bábi-Bahá'í Faiths in Shíráz and Fárs p35 by A. Rabbani]
   • See DB137-138 for Mírzá Muhít's dealings with Bahá'u'lláh.
   • The Báb sent Quddus with an invitation to the Sharíf of Mecca acquainting him with the new Revelation. The Sharíf was too busy to respond. Years later he recognized his error in ignoring the epistle. [B71-74; BW12:89; DB138-140; GPB9, 89] iiiii
4. 1845-02-27 —
   The Báb left Jiddah. [MS2]
   • He disembarked at Muscat and remained there for two months, awaiting news of the outcome of Mullá `Alíy-i-Bastámí's trial. [MS2]
   • He sent a letter to the Imám of Muscat. [MS2]
   • SBBH23 and The Genesis of the Bábi-Bahá'í Faiths in Shíráz and Fárs p35 by A. Rabbani] say the ship with the Báb left Jiddah on the 4th of March.
5. 1845-02-28 —
   The Báb returned to Búshihr. He sent Quddús to Shíráz with a letter addressed to His uncle Hájí Mírzá Siyyid `Alí who, upon receiving it, embraced his Nephew's Cause, the first, after the Letters of the Living, to do so in Shíráz. The Báb also entrusted Quddús with a treatise for him entitled Khasá'il-i-Sab`ih (`the Seven Qualifications') and promised him his impending martyrdom. Later he gave his life as one of the Seven Martyrs of Tehran, see 1850 19 or 20 Feb. [Bab77–8; DB142–3; MS2, GPB9-10; provisional translation.]
   • To the departing Quddus He promised intense suffering in Shíráz and eventual martyrdom. [DB142-143]
   • Bab77 and GPB10 say the Báb arrived in Búshihr in February - March.
   • SSBH1p23 and BBRSM216 say 15 May, 1845.
   • Before leaving on pilgrimage the Báb had stated that He would return to Karbalá and asked His followers to congregate there. An explanation in part for the large following that had gathered there is the messianic expectation associated with the year 1261, a thousand years after the Twelfth Imám's disappearance in 260 A.H.. This gathering was perceived as a threat by the authorities. [BBRSM15, 45, 216; DB157–8; SBBH1p23, 32]
   • The Báb changed His plan to meet His followers in Karbalá and instructed them to go to Isfahán instead. A number abandon Him, regarding this as badá', `alteration of divine will'. [BBRSM16; DB158; MH125; SBBH23]
   • Some speculate that He did not go to Karbalá to avoid conflict and sedition. Many Bábís had gone to Karbalá armed in preparation for holy war, `jihád'. [BBRSM21–2; SBBH1:23]
6. 1847-04-17 —
   The Báb sent a letter to the Sháh requesting an audience. [B121; DB229; TN11]

   Some accounts maintain that the prime minister intervened in the correspondence between the Báb and the Sháh. En route to Tabríz the Báb wrote to various people, including the Grand Vizier, the father and uncle of Táhirih, and Hájí Sulaymán Khán. Hujjat learned of this last letter and sent a message to the Bábís of Zanján to rescue the Báb. The Báb declined their assistance. [Bab124–5; DB235–6]

   • See B126 for an account of the Báb's demonstration to His guards that He could have escaped had He so wished.
7. 1847-07-00 —
   The people of Máh-Kú show markeded hostility to the Báb on His arrival. Later they were won over by His gentle manners and His love. They congregated at the foot of the mountain hoping to catch a glimpse of Him. [Bab129; DB244–5]

   At the beginning of the Báb's incarceration the warden `Alí Khán kept the Báb strictly confined and allowed no visitors. He had a vision of the Báb engaged in prayer outside of the prison gates, knowing that the Báb is inside. He became humble and permitted the Bábís to visit the Báb. [Bab129–31; DB245–8]

   The winter the Báb spent in Máh-Kú was exceptionally cold. [DB252]

   Many of the Báb's writings were revealed in this period. [GPB24–5]

   • It was probably at this time that He addressed all the divines in Persia and Najaf and Karbalá, detailing the errors committed by each one of them. [GPB24]
   • He revealed nine commentaries on the whole of the Qur'an, the fate of which is unknown. [DB31; GPB24]
   • He revealed the "Mother Book" of the Bábí Revelation, the Persian Bayán, containing the laws and precepts of the new Revelation in some 8,000 verses. It is primarily a eulogy of the Promised One. [BBD44–5; BBRSM32; BW12:91 GPB24–5; ESW165; SWB102, 159] It is possible that the latter part of the Persian Bayán was revealed while He was confined in Chihríq.
   • The Báb began the composition of the `smaller and less weighty' Arabic Bayán. [Bab132; BBD45; GPB25]
   • He stated in the Bayán that, to date, He had revealed some 500,000 verses, 100,000 of which had been circulated. [BBRSM32, GPB22]
   • In the Dalá'il-i-Sab'ih (Seven Proofs) the Báb assigned blame to the seven powerful sovereigns then ruling the world and censured the conduct of the Christian divines who, had they recognized Muhammad, would have been followed by the greater part of their co-religionists. [BBD63; BW12:96; GPB26]
   • The Báb wrote His `most detailed and illuminating' Tablet to Muhammad Sháh. [GPB26]
8. 1848-08-00 —
   The Báb was taken back to Chihríq, where He remained until June/July 1850. [Bab147; DB322; TN15]
   • Bab147 says He must have arrived in the first days of August.
   • On His return the Báb wrote a denunciatory letter to Hájí Mírzá Áqásí. The epistle was given the name Khutbiy-i-Qahríyyih (Sermon of Wrath). He sent it to Hujjat in Tihrán, who delivered it personally. [Bab147; DB323; GPB27]
   • The Báb completed the Arabic Bayán. [BBR45; GBP25]
9. 1849-06-00 —
   The Báb, in prison in the castle of Chihríq, learned of the massacre at Shaykh Tabarsí and the martyrdom of Quddús. He was so overcome with grief that He was unable to write or dictate for a period of five or six months. [DB411, 430]
   • See the Tablet of Visitation for Mulla Muhammad 'Ali-i-Barfurushi (Quddús) revealed by the Báb.
10. 1850-06-00 —
    The Amír-Nizám, Mírzá Taqí Khán was determined to execute the Báb to halt the progress of His religion. On his orders the Báb was taken from Chihríq to Tabríz. [Bab152; BBR76–7; GPB51]
    • His guard took Him on a circuitous, much longer route through Urúmíyyih where His presence was noted by American missionaries. [Bab152; BBR73, 76]
    • Forty days before the Báb was to leave Chihríq He collected all His documents, Tablets, pen cases, seals, His agate rings, and His last Tablets to Mírzá 'Abdu'l-Karím Qazvíní, and put them in a coffer. He entrusted it to Mullá Báqir, one of the Letters of the Living, and instructed him to deliver it to His secretary. In the event that something should happen to Himself, the secretary was to proceed to Tihrán to deliver the box to 'Jináb-i-Bahá', that is, Bahá'u'lláh. In His last Tablets, Mírzá Husayn-'Alí Núrí was referred to again and again as "Him Whom God shall make Manifest" also, He was referred to as "Bahá'u'lláh". [CH49; Bab151–2; DB504–5; TN25–6]
    • When the box was opened they found a Tablet in the form of a pentacle with 500 verses consisting of derivatives of the word 'Bahá'. [Bab151–2; DB504–5; TN25–6]
    • This Blessed Tablet of the Bab was obtained in Cyprus by the Larnaca District Commissioner Claude Delaval Cobham, and he donated it to the British Library. It had been in the possession of Mirza Yayha in Famagusta. Mishkin-Qalam served Cobham toward the end of his 18 year exile in Cyprus, as a translator, which has nothing to do with this Tablet but it is interesting Baha'i history in Cyprus. [from an message from Anita Graves, National Bahá'í Archivist, Cyprus to Janis Zrudlo 25 April 2021.
      • Here is a link to a similar tablet at the British Libary website.
      • See Gate of the Heart 329-330 for a further explanation of the symbol of the pentagram and the circle.
11. 1854-04-10 —
    "Mirza Yahya had never lifted a finger to protect the Faith of which he was supposed to be the nominal head. Now, incited and aided by Siyyid Muhammad and a few, very few, others of the same nature, Mirza Yahya began a secret campaign to discredit Baha'u'llah. He circulated wild rumours, ascribed to Baha'u'llah actions, opinions, views and intentions totally at variance with truth. These undercurrents and innuendoes became so perilous for the integrity of the Faith of the Bab, threatening it with bitter controversies and even fatal divisions, that Baha'u'llah reached the decision to take Himself away from Baghdad and from the society of men whom He knew - and who knew Him... "

    "Mirza Aqa Jan himself has testified: 'That Blessed Beauty evinced such sadness that the limbs of my body trembled.' He has, likewise, related, as reported by Nabil in his narrative, that, shortly before Baha'u'llah's retirement, he had on one occasion seen Him, between dawn and sunrise, suddenly come out from His house, His night-cap still on His head, showing such signs of perturbation that he was powerless to gaze into His face, and while walking, angrily remark: 'These creatures are the same creatures who for three thousand years have worshipped idols, and bowed down before the Golden Calf: Now, too, they are fit for nothing better. What relation can there be between this people and Him Who is the Countenance of Glory? What ties can bind them to the One Who is the supreme embodiment of all that is lovable?' 'I stood,' declared Mirza Aqa Jan, 'rooted to the spot, lifeless, dried up as a dead tree, ready to fall under the impact of the stunning power of His words. Finally, He said: "Bid them recite: 'Is there any Remover of difficulties save God? Say: Praised be God! He is God! All are His servants, and all abide by His bidding!' Tell them to repeat it five hundred times, nay, a thousand times, by day and by night, sleeping and waking, that haply the Countenance of Glory may be unveiled to their eyes, and tiers of light descend upon them." He Himself, I was subsequently informed, recited this same verse, His face betraying the utmost sadness." [BKG114]

    • For further information on the above incident and more on the prayer "Remover of Difficulties" by the Báb, see The Invocation 'Is There Any Remover of Difficulties Save God...' by Muhammad Afnan, translated by Adib Masumian.
12. 1864-12-00 — At some point near the end of His life the Báb had consigned His remaining papers, His seal, His qalam-dán (pencil-box) and His last Tablets to Mírzá 'Abdu'l-Karím Qazvíní with instructions to deliver them to Mírzá Husayn-'Alí Núrí should something happen to Himself. [DB504-505] In His last Tablets, Mírzá Husayn-'Alí Núrí was referred to again and again as "Him Whom God shall make Manifest" also, He was referred to as "Bahá'u'lláh". Mírzá 'Abdu'l-Karím Qazvíní fulfilled this trust and these items remained in the possession of Bahá'u'lláh until the days of Adrianople. When Mírzá Yáhyá asked permission to see these articles Bahá'u'lláh consented but they were never returned. Yahyá kept these items as a support of his claim to leadership asserting that the Báb had given them to him. [CH49]
13. 1902-00-09 —
    The publication of Le Livre des Sept Preuves in Paris by A. L. M. Nicolas. It was a French translation of the Báb's Dalá'il-i-Sab'ih. [BBR39]
    • It may be downloaded here.
    • English translation The Seven Proofs by Peter Terry.
14. 1905-00-00 —
    A.L.M. Nicolas published his book Seyyed Ali dit le Bab. It was the first work by a western author dedicated entirely to the Báb, His movement and His teachings. (Conflict: See 1865)
    • English translation A Prophet of Modern Times by Peter Terry.

      It is "(a) history of the Bábí movement up to 1852. Nicolas gives a list of sources for this book on pp. 48-53. It is interesting to note that among his oral sources are four of the leading Bahá'ís of that period, who had been designated by Bahá'u'lláh as 'Hands of the Cause': Mírzá 'Alí-Muhammad, 'Ibn-i-Asdaq: Mullá 'Al-Akbar-i-Sháhmírzádí, Hají Akhund; Mírzá Muhammad-Táqíy-i-Abharí, 'Ibn-i-Abhar; and Mírzá Hasan-i-Adíb. The other two oral sources named are Siyyid 'Ismu'lláh, who was presumably Siyyid Mihdíy-i-Dihají, and Mírzá Yahyá, Subh-i-Azál." [BBR38-39]

    • The preamble to his book has an image that is supposedly of the Báb, but the portrait does not seem to be an authentic representation.

    • William Miller also reproduced Nicolas's image on page 17 of his polemical work, The Bahá'í Faith: Its History and Teachings. (South Pasadena, CA: William Carey Library, 1974). ['The Bab in the World of Images', Bahá'í Studies Review, vol. 19, June 2013, 171–90.]
    • See also WOB83 for other missionaries who wrote polemics against the Bahá'í Faith.
15. 1905-00-00 —
    The publication of Le Beyan Arabe in Paris by A. L. M. Nicolas. It was a French translation of the Arabic Bayán. [BBR39]
    • English translation The Arabic Bayán by Peter Terry.
16. 1911-00-00 — The publication of Le Beyan Persan in Paris by A. L. M. Nicolas. It was a French translation of the Persian Bayán and was published in four volumes. [BBR39]
17. 1976-00-04 — The publication of Selections from the Writings of the Báb compiled by the Research Department of the Universal House of Justice and translated by Habib Taherzadeh with the assistance of a Committee at the Bahá'í World Centre. [SWB]
18. 2012-11-00 — The launch of the website Loom of Reality by Steven Phelps. Steven served at the Bahá'í World Center for 13 years in the Research Department where he coordinated the indexing and collation of the Bahá'í Sacred Writings and their translation from Persian and Arabic into English.

    It is an unofficial catalog of some 650 works attributed to the Báb, 11,800 works attributed to Bahá’u’lláh, and 12,000 works attributed to ‘Abdu’l-Bahá which are accessible to the public, either in published form, in manuscripts held in national or institutional archives, or in digital images, texts and translations found on the Internet. The holdings of the Bahá’í World Centre Archives in Haifa, which are not open to the public, are not included. A "Partial Inventory" of a two-volume resource for the identification of over 29,000 Bahá'í texts in Persian Arabic and English can be download here. More information on the website can be found on his blog.

    His presentation Overview of the Writings of the Báb can be found on the Wilmette Institute website as well as Approaching the Writings of Bahá'u'lláh.

19. 2019-10-29 — The British Library published a blog to commemorate the Bicentenary of the Birth of the Báb. It is a commentary on the Star Tablet of the Báb or the Haykal.
20. 2020-12-08 — The publication of The Bab and the Babi Community of Iran, edited by Fereydun Vahman and published by Oneworld Academic in London.

    In this volume, leading scholars of Islam, Bahá'í studies and Iranian history come together to examine the life and legacy of the Báb, from his childhood to the founding of the Bahá'í faith and beyond. Among other subjects, they cover the Báb’s writings, his Qur’an commentaries, the societal conditions that underlay the Bábi upheavals, the works of Bábi martyr Tahirih Qurratu’l-‘Ayn, and Orientalist Edward Granville Browne’s encounters with Bábi and Bahá'í texts.

    The index for this work can be found at Bahá'í Library Online and at Bahai.works.

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