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24: Light
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A sura which We have sent down and which We have ordained in it have
We sent down Clear Signs, in order that ye may receive admonition.
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The woman and the man guilty of adultery or fornication,- flog each of
them with a hundred stripes: Let not compassion move you in their
case, in a matter prescribed by God, if ye believe in God and the Last
Day: and let a party of the Believers witness their punishment.
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Let no man guilty of adultery or fornication marry and but a woman
similarly guilty, or an Unbeliever: nor let any but such a man or an
Unbeliever marry such a woman: to the Believers such a thing is
forbidden.
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And those who launch a charge against chaste women, and produce not
four witnesses (to support their allegations),- flog them with eighty
stripes; and reject their evidence ever after: for such men are wicked
transgressors;-
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Unless they repent thereafter and mend (their conduct); for God is
Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
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And for those who launch a charge against their spouses, and have (in
support) no evidence but their own,- their solitary evidence (can be
received) if they bear witness four times (with an oath) by God that
they are solemnly telling the truth;
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And the fifth (oath) (should be) that they solemnly invoke the curse
of God on themselves if they tell a lie.
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But it would avert the punishment from the wife, if she bears witness
four times (with an oath) By God, that (her husband) is telling a lie;
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And the fifth (oath) should be that she solemnly invokes the wrath of
God on herself if (her accuser) is telling the truth.
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If it were not for God's grace and mercy on you, and that God is
Oft-Returning, full of Wisdom,- (Ye would be ruined indeed).
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Those who brought forward the lie are a body among yourselves: think
it not to be an evil to you; On the contrary it is good for you: to
every man among them (will come the punishment) of the sin that he
earned, and to him who took on himself the lead among them, will be a
penalty grievous.
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Why did not the believers - men and women - when ye heard of the
affair,- put the best construction on it in their own minds and say,
"This (charge) is an obvious lie" ?
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Why did they not bring four witnesses to prove it? When they have not
brought the witnesses, such men, in the sight of God, (stand forth)
themselves as liars!
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Were it not for the grace and mercy of God on you, in this world and
the Hereafter, a grievous penalty would have seized you in that ye
rushed glibly into this affair.
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Behold, ye received it on your tongues, and said out of your mouths
things of which ye had no knowledge; and ye thought it to be a light
matter, while it was most serious in the sight of God.
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And why did ye not, when ye heard it, say? - "It is not right of us to
speak of this: Glory to God! this is a most serious slander!"
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God doth admonish you, that ye may never repeat such (conduct), if ye
are (true) Believers.
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And God makes the Signs plain to you: for God is full of knowledge and
wisdom.
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Those who love (to see) scandal published broadcast among the
Believers, will have a grievous Penalty in this life and in the
Hereafter: God knows, and ye know not.
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Were it not for the grace and mercy of God on you, and that God is
full of kindness and mercy, (ye would be ruined indeed).
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O ye who believe! follow not Satan's footsteps: if any will follow the
footsteps of Satan, he will (but) command what is shameful and wrong:
and were it not for the grace and mercy of God on you, not one of you
would ever have been pure: but God doth purify whom He pleases: and
God is One Who hears and knows (all things).
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Let not those among you who are endued with grace and amplitude of
means resolve by oath against helping their kinsmen, those in want,
and those who have left their homes in God's cause: let them forgive
and overlook, do you not wish that God should forgive you? For God is
Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
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Those who slander chaste women, indiscreet but believing, are cursed
in this life and in the Hereafter: for them is a grievous Penalty,-
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On the Day when their tongues, their hands, and their feet will bear
witness against them as to their actions.
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On that Day God will pay them back (all) their just dues, and they
will realise that God is the (very) Truth, that makes all things
manifest.
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Women impure are for men impure, and men impure for women impure and
women of purity are for men of purity, and men of purity are for women
of purity: these are not affected by what people say: for them there
is forgiveness, and a provision honourable.
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O ye who believe! enter not houses other than your own, until ye have
asked permission and saluted those in them: that is best for you, in
order that ye may heed (what is seemly).
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If ye find no one in the house, enter not until permission is given to
you: if ye are asked to go back, go back: that makes for greater
purity for yourselves: and God knows well all that ye do.
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It is no fault on your part to enter houses not used for living in,
which serve some (other) use for you: And God has knowledge of what ye
reveal and what ye conceal.
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Say to the believing men that they should lower their gaze and guard
their modesty: that will make for greater purity for them: And God is
well acquainted with all that they do.
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And say to the believing women that they should lower their gaze and
guard their modesty; that they should not display their beauty and
ornaments except what (must ordinarily) appear thereof; that they
should draw their veils over their bosoms and not display their beauty
except to their husbands, their fathers, their husband's fathers,
their sons, their husbands' sons, their brothers or their brothers'
sons, or their sisters' sons, or their women, or the slaves whom their
right hands possess, or male servants free of physical needs, or small
children who have no sense of the shame of sex; and that they should
not strike their feet in order to draw attention to their hidden
ornaments. And O ye Believers! turn ye all together towards God, that
ye may attain Bliss.
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Marry those among you who are single, or the virtuous ones among
yourselves, male or female: if they are in poverty, God will give them
means out of His grace: for God encompasseth all, and he knoweth all
things.
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Let those who find not the wherewithal for marriage keep themselves
chaste, until God gives them means out of His grace. And if any of
your slaves ask for a deed in writing (to enable them to earn their
freedom for a certain sum), give them such a deed if ye know any good
in them: yea, give them something yourselves out of the means which
God has given to you. But force not your maids to prostitution when
they desire chastity, in order that ye may make a gain in the goods of
this life. But if anyone compels them, yet, after such compulsion, is
God, Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful (to them),
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We have already sent down to you verses making things clear, an
illustration from (the story of) people who passed away before you,
and an admonition for those who fear (God).
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God is the Light of the heavens and the earth. The Parable of His
Light is as if there were a Niche and within it a Lamp: the Lamp
enclosed in Glass: the glass as it were a brilliant star: Lit from a
blessed Tree, an Olive, neither of the east nor of the west, whose oil
is well-nigh luminous, though fire scarce touched it: Light upon
Light! God doth guide whom He will to His Light: God doth set forth
Parables for men: and God doth know all things.
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(Lit is such a Light) in houses, which God hath permitted to be raised
to honour; for the celebration, in them, of His name: In them is He
glorified in the mornings and in the evenings, (again and again),-
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By men whom neither traffic nor merchandise can divert from the
Remembrance of God, nor from regular Prayer, nor from the practice of
regular Charity: Their (only) fear is for the Day when hearts and eyes
will be transformed (in a world wholly new),-
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That God may reward them according to the best of their deeds, and add
even more for them out of His Grace: for God doth provide for those
whom He will, without measure.
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But the Unbelievers,- their deeds are like a mirage in sandy deserts,
which the man parched with thirst mistakes for water; until when he
comes up to it, he finds it to be nothing: But he finds God (ever)
with him, and God will pay him his account: and God is swift in taking
account.
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Or (the Unbelievers' state) is like the depths of darkness in a vast
deep ocean, overwhelmed with billow topped by billow, topped by (dark)
clouds: depths of darkness, one above another: if a man stretches out
his hands, he can hardly see it! for any to whom God giveth not light,
there is no light!
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Seest thou not that it is God Whose praises all beings in the heavens
and on earth do celebrate, and the birds (of the air) with wings
outspread? Each one knows its own (mode of) prayer and praise. And God
knows well all that they do.
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Yea, to God belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth; and to
God is the final goal (of all).
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Seest thou not that God makes the clouds move gently, then joins them
together, then makes them into a heap? - then wilt thou see rain issue
forth from their midst. And He sends down from the sky mountain masses
(of clouds) wherein is hail: He strikes therewith whom He pleases and
He turns it away from whom He pleases, the vivid flash of His
lightning well-nigh blinds the sight.
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It is God Who alternates the Night and the Day: verily in these things
is an instructive example for those who have vision!
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And God has created every animal from water: of them there are some
that creep on their bellies; some that walk on two legs; and some that
walk on four. God creates what He wills for verily God has power over
all things.
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We have indeed sent down signs that make things manifest: and God
guides whom He wills to a way that is straight.
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They say, "We believe in God and in the apostle, and we obey": but
even after that, some of them turn away: they are not (really)
Believers.
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When they are summoned to God and His apostle, in order that He may
judge between them, behold some of them decline (to come).
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But if the right is on their side, they come to him with all
submission.
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Is it that there is a disease in their hearts? or do they doubt, or
are they in fear, that God and His Apostle will deal unjustly with
them? Nay, it is they themselves who do wrong.
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The answer of the Believers, when summoned to God and His Apostle, in
order that He may judge between them, is no other than this: they say,
"We hear and we obey": it is such as these that will attain felicity.
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It is such as obey God and His Apostle, and fear God and do right,
that will win (in the end),
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They swear their strongest oaths by God that, if only thou wouldst
command them, they would leave (their homes). Say: "Swear ye not;
Obedience is (more) reasonable; verily, God is well acquainted with
all that ye do."
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Say: "Obey God, and obey the Apostle: but if ye turn away, he is only
responsible for the duty placed on him and ye for that placed on
you. If ye obey him, ye shall be on right guidance. The Apostle's duty
is only to preach the clear (Message).
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God has promised, to those among you who believe and work righteous
deeds, that He will, of a surety, grant them in the land, inheritance
(of power), as He granted it to those before them; that He will
establish in authority their religion - the one which He has chosen
for them; and that He will change (their state), after the fear in
which they (lived), to one of security and peace: 'They will worship
Me (alone) and not associate aught with Me. 'If any do reject Faith
after this, they are rebellious and wicked.
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So establish regular Prayer and give regular Charity; and obey the
Apostle; that ye may receive mercy.
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Never think thou that the Unbelievers are going to frustrate (God's
Plan) on earth: their abode is the Fire,- and it is indeed an evil
refuge!
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O ye who believe! let those whom your right hands possess, and the
(children) among you who have not come of age ask your permission
(before they come to your presence), on three occasions: before
morning prayer; the while ye doff your clothes for the noonday heat;
and after the late-night prayer: these are your three times of
undress: outside those times it is not wrong for you or for them to
move about attending to each other: Thus does God make clear the Signs
to you: for God is full of knowledge and wisdom.
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But when the children among you come of age, let them (also) ask for
permission, as do those senior to them (in age): Thus does God make
clear His Signs to you: for God is full of knowledge and wisdom.
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Such elderly women as are past the prospect of marriage,- there is no
blame on them if they lay aside their (outer) garments, provided they
make not a wanton display of their beauty: but it is best for them to
be modest: and God is One Who sees and knows all things.
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It is no fault in the blind nor in one born lame, nor in one afflicted
with illness, nor in yourselves, that ye should eat in your own
houses, or those of your fathers, or your mothers, or your brothers,
or your sisters, or your father's brothers or your father's sisters,
or your mohter's brothers, or your mother's sisters, or in houses of
which the keys are in your possession, or in the house of a sincere
friend of yours: there is no blame on you, whether ye eat in company
or separately. But if ye enter houses, salute each other - a greeting
of blessing and purity as from God. Thus does God make clear the signs
to you: that ye may understand.
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Only those are believers, who believe in God and His Apostle: when
they are with him on a matter requiring collective action, they do not
depart until they have asked for his leave; those who ask for thy
leave are those who believe in God and His Apostle; so when they ask
for thy leave, for some business of theirs, give leave to those of
them whom thou wilt, and ask God for their forgiveness: for God is
Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.
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Deem not the summons of the Apostle among yourselves like the summons
of one of you to another: God doth know those of you who slip away
under shelter of some excuse: then let those beware who withstand the
Apostle's order, lest some trial befall them, or a grievous penalty be
inflicted on them.
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Be quite sure that to God doth belong whatever is in the heavens and
on earth. Well doth He know what ye are intent upon: and one day they
will be brought back to Him, and He will tell them the truth of what
they did: for God doth know all things.
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