Bibliography: #BIB27251

web link	bahai-library.com/bibliography/BIB27251
reference type	Journal Article
title	The Constitutional Movement and the Baha'is of Iran : The Creation of an 'Enemy Within'
journal	British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies (Exeter, U.K.)
author	Momen, Moojan
Authority control 1	Moojan Momen
authority control	Moojan Momen
year	2012
date	2012
epub date	23 Nov 2012
issue	3
volume	39
abstract	This article looks at the role of the Baha'is in the Constitutional Revolution of Iran, 1906–1911. It propounds three major theses. First, that when the royalists and anti-constitutionalist clerics accused the Constitutionalists of being “Babis”, it was the Baha'i community that they were referring to rather than the Azali Babis. Second, that the Baha'is had a complex relationship with the Constitutionalist Movement, sometimes supporting it and sometimes abstaining from involvement in politics, but that in any case, the impact of the Baha'is on the reformers and on the Revolution has been underestimated by most writers. Third, that, despite their closeness in terms of ideas about social reform, the enmity of the Azalis and clerics caused the Baha'is to be excluded from the reform legislation resulting from the Constitutional Revolution and effectively to be excluded from Iranian society. It resulted in the creation of an “enemy within”. Some of the consequences of this both for the Baha'is and for Iran are discussed. (Publisher abstract).
research notes	The first attachment reflects a corrected text and not what was in the journal itself. The second shows what was originally published online.
language	English
keywords	IRAN; 1906-1911; CONSTITUTIONALISM; PERSECUTION
URL	http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2013.828530; internal-pdf://0539924452/Momen - Constitutional Movement 201211.pdf
DOI	http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13530194.2013.828530
pages	328–346
Legal note	11.

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