Bahai Library Online

Chronology of the Bahá'í Faith

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Date 1904-00-0, sorted by date, descending

date event tags firsts
1904 (In the year)
190-
At this point there were separate Spiritual Assemblies for the Jewish and Zoroastrian Bahá'ís in Hamadán and Tihrán. [BBRSM:151; CB371; CT33]
  • See BW2:275–9 for a letter from the `Israelitish' Bahá'í Assembly of Tihrán of November 1904.
  • Hamadán, Iran; Iran; Local Spiritual Assemblies; Tehran, Iran
    1904 (In the Year)
    190-
    In the summer of 1903, the Bahá’í community of Iran faced a series of brutal campaigns of attempted genocide in several cities, including Rasht, Isfahán and Yazd. When these persecutions reached their peak in the midsummer of that year, `Abdu’l-Bahá wrote a treatise outlining events leading to these pogroms, the motives and actions of the principle persecutors, and the intense sufferings of the Bahá’í community. Like all His communications on such subjects, `Abdu’l-Bahá was full of praise for the patience, forbearance and the conduct of the Bahá’ís, young and old.

    In retrospect, it appears that `Abdu’l-Bahá intended this Tablet to be published in the West, galvanizing the support of prominent Bahá’ís, and Bahá’í communities in general, in the United States and Europe. Towards this, He instructed one of His secretaries, Dr. Younis Khan Afroukhtih, to translate this Tablet, which presumably was done in collaboration with some English- speaking Bahá’ís visiting `Akká at the time. This work was further assisted by an English-speaking pilgrim of Jewish-descent from Hamadan, Dr. Arastoo Hakim, and was completed on 19 September 1903. The translated treatise was then sent to the United States to be published there under the title Bahai Martyrdoms in Persia in the Year 1903 AD”. It was received in Chicago on 29 October 1903 and its publication took place through the work of Bahá’í Publishing Society in 1904. However, for reasons which are not clear, it was published as a document prepared by Hájí Mírzá Haydar-`Alí, a prominent Bahá’í residing in Haifa at that time. Ahang Rabbani did a translation in May of 2005. A PDF of his translation can be obtained here.

    * Persecution, Iran; * Publications; - Indexes and catalogues; Ahang Rabbani; Hájí Mírzá Haydar-`Alí (Angel of Carmel); Isfahan upheaval; Rasht, Iran; Yazd upheaval
    1904 (In the year)
    190-
    Through the year the Covenant-breakers plotted until the friendly governor of `Akká was replaced by one hostile to `Abdu'l-Bahá. Mírzá Muhammad-`Alí stirred up opposition in certain elements of the population. [AB111; CB232]
  • Newspapers in Egypt and in Syria wrote false reports about `Abdu'l-Bahá. [AB111; CB232]
  • Mírzá Muhammad-`Alí drew up an official indictment against `Abdu'l-Bahá full of false accusations. [AB112; CB232; MBBA82-83]
  • These actions resulted in the arrival of the first Commission of Inquiry, sent by Sultán `Abdu'l-Hamíd. [AB112; CB233]
  • The Commission summoned `Abdu'l-Bahá to answer the accusations levelled against Him and upon receiving His replies, the inquiry collapsed. [AB113–14; CB233]
  • * `Abdu'l-Bahá, Basic timeline; * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); - Basic timeline, Expanded; `Abdu'l-Bahá, Commission of inquiry; Akka, Israel; Covenant-breaking; Haifa, Israel; Istanbul, Turkey; Mírzá Muḥammad ‘Alí; Sultán `Abdu'l-Hamid; Turkey
    1904 (In the year)
    190-
    Laura Clifford Barney made a number of extended visits to `Akká during this period. She brought with her questions to ask `Abdu'l-Bahá and she compiled His responses. These answers were approved by Him and published in the book Some Answered Questions. [AB81–2; BFA2:238]
  • For more complete history of the making of Some Answered Questions see "Some Answered Questions" and Its Compiler by Baharieh Rouhani Ma'ani published in Lights of Irfán vol. 18 p425-452.
  • See AB81–2 for information about Laura Clifford Barney.
  • The translator during this period was Dr Yúnis Afrukhtih (Yúnis Khán), whose memoirs, translated in English as Memories of Nine Years in Akka, make a valuable contribution to the history of the Faith. [BW12:679–81; M9YA341-345]
  • * `Abdu'l-Bahá, Basic timeline; * `Abdu'l-Bahá, Writings and talks of; * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); * Philosophy; * Publications; - Basic timeline, Expanded; Akka, Israel; Laura Clifford Barney; Some Answered Questions (book); Youness Khan Afroukhteh
    1904 (In the year)
    190-
    A compilation of Bahá'í writings in English was published by the Board of Counsel of New York. [BW10:179]
  • The Book of Assurance (The Book of Ighan) translated by Ali Kuli Khan, assisted by Howard MacNutt was published in New York for the Bahá'í Publishing Committee. [Collins1.10]
  • * Publications; - Compilations; New York, USA; United States (USA)
    1904 (In the year)
    190-
    Mahd-i-`Ulyá (Fátimih Khánum), the second wife of Bahá'u'lláh, died. She and all her four surviving children had been declared Covenant-breakers. [CB117] Akka, Israel; Covenant-breaking; Haifa, Israel; Mahd-i-Ulya (Fatimih Khanum)
    1904 c.
    190-
    The birth of Zikrullah Khadem, Hand of the Cause of God, in Tihrán. [ZK3] - Births and deaths; Iran; Tehran, Iran; Zikrullah Khadem
    1904 (In the year)
    190-
    The publication of Bahá'í Martyrdoms in Persia in the Year 1903 AD by Hájí Mírzá Haydar-Alí Isfaháni* and translated by Youness Afroukhteh. A second edition was published in 1917. [Collins 7.1147-7.1149]

    When the persecutions throughout Iran were at their peak, in midsummer of 1903, 'Abdu'l-Bahá wrote a proclamatory treatise outlining events leading to these pogroms, the motives and actions of the principle persecutors, and the intense sufferings of the Bahá'í community.

    In retrospect, it appears that 'Abdu'l-Bahá intended this treatise to be published in the West, galvanizing the support of prominent individuals, Bahá'í communities of the United States and Europe in general, and, the public at large. Towards this end, he instructed one of his secretaries, Dr. Younis Khan Afroukhtih, to translate this treatise, which presumably was done in collaboration with some English-speaking Bahá'ís visiting 'Akká at the time. This work was further assisted by an English-speaking pilgrim of Jewish-descent from Hamadan, Dr. Arastoo Hakim, and was completed on 19 September 1903.

    *The translated treatise was then sent to the United States It was received in Chicago on 29 October 1903 and its publication took place through the work of Bahá'í Publishing Society in 1904. However, for reasons not clear, it was published as a document prepared by Hájí Mírzá Haydar-'Alí, a prominent Bahá'í residing in Haifa at that time. In this reference can be found a 2007 translation by Ahang Rabbani [Bahá'í Studies Review Vol 14 2007 p53-67]

    * `Abdu'l-Bahá, Writings and talks of; * Persecution, Iran; * Publications; - Persecution; - Persecution, Deaths; Ardakan, Iran; Dih-Bala, Iran; Hájí Mírzá Haydar-`Alí (Angel of Carmel); Iran; Isfahan, Iran; Manshad, Iran; Rasht, Iran; Taft, Iran; Yazd, Iran; Yazd upheaval
    1904 (In the year)
    190-
    The publication of The Book of Ighan (Kitáb-i-Íqán) by George V. Blackburne Co in New York. It had been translated by Ali Kuli Khan with assistance by Howard McNutt. This was the earliest translation into English of this book and was superseded by the publication of the translation by Shoghi Effendi. [Collins1.12]
  • A second edition was published in 1907 in Chicago by the Bahá'í Publishing Society and a third in 1915. [Collins1.13, 1.14]
  • The Book of Ighan.
  • `Alí Kulí Khán; Chicago, IL; Howard MacNutt; Kitáb-i-Íqán (Book of Certitude); United States (USA)
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