Bahai Library Online

Chronology of the Bahá'í Faith

Error: numbers and hyphens only

Canada
   

Newest 50 entries sort by oldest (date ascending)

date event tags
1987 22 Apr
198-
A ceremony was held to sign a 'status agreement' between the Bahá'í International Community and the Government of Israel defining the relationship of the Bahá'í World Centre with the State of Israel. [Message of the Universal House of Justice 30 April 1987]
  • Shimon Peres, Vice-President and Foreign Minister, represented the Government of Israel while Donald Barrett signed the agreement in his capacity as Secretary-General of the Bahá'í International Community. [Message from the Universal House of Justice, 30 April 1887]
  • - Bahá'í World Centre; Bahá'í International Community; Donald Barrett; Haifa, Israel; Israel; Shimon Peres; Status agreement
    1982 (In the month)
    198-
    French Minister of State for the Interior, Gaston Defferre. and Mme. Defferre, were formally welcomed by the Secretary General of the Bahá’í International Community on behalf of the Universal House of Justice on their visit to the Seat of the House of Justice. The visit was the first by a government official of cabinet rank following occupation of the Seat. Those present were: Mr. Mohsen Enayat, World Centre Legal Officer; M. Defferre; Mr. Donald Barrett, Secretary General of the Bahá’í International Community; His Worship Arieh Gurel, Mayor of Haifa; and Mme. Defferre, who is better known as Edmonde Charleroux, one of Europe’s leading authors. [BW18p137] Donald Barrett; Mohsen Enayat
    1920 8 Jul
    192-
    August Rudd, a Swede who had becme a Bahá'í in America, returned to his native country, to become the first Bahá'í in Sweden. [BWT8:980-2]. August Rudd; Sweden
    1924 Ridván
    192-
    The formation of the National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of Egypt. It was the first national body in Africa. [BBRSM121; GPB333]
  • It was actually formed in December of 1924 but is listed under this date for uniformity.
  • "The Central Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís in the Egyptian State was registered on December 26, 1924 by the Cairo Mixed Court." [Prohibited Identities p31 footnote 53]
  • It was incorporated in 1934, but only as the National Spiritual Assembly of Egypt, and the incorporation document was not amended to include Sudan until 1949. [Baha'i News No 321 November 1957 p4]
  • This community became part of the Regional Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of North East Africa in 1956.
  • Egypt; National Spiritual Assembly, formation
    1948 18 Apr
    194-
    The name 'Bahá'í International Community' was first used to refer to the eight existing National Spiritual Assemblies recognized collectively as a non-governmental organization. Those Assemblies were those of North America; the British Isles; Germany and Austria; Egypt and Sfidan; 'Iráq; Iran (Persia); India, Pakistan and Burma; and Australia and New Zealand. Subsequently to these eight bodies were added the National Spiritual Assemblies of the Bahá'ís of Canada, of Central America and of South America. Each National Spiritual Assembly in its application established the National Assembly of the United States as its representative in relation to the United Nations. [BBRSM149; BW11:43; BW12:597; BIC History 18 April 1948]
  • The Bahá'í International Community evolved to become an international non-governmental organization with affiliates in over 180 countries and territories, which together represent over 5-6 million members of the Bahá'í Faith. As an international NGO, the Office (est. 1948) interacts and cooperates with the United Nations, its specialized agencies, with governments, as well as with inter-governmental and non-governmental organizations. The BIC seeks to promote and apply principles — derived from the teachings of the Bahá'í Faith — which contribute to the resolution of current day challenges facing humanity and the development of a united, peaceful, just, and sustainable civilization. The work of the BIC focuses on the promotion of a universal standard for human rights, the advancement of women, and the promotion of just and equitable means of global prosperity.
  • Mildred Mottahedeh was appointed to serve as the accredited Bahá'í International Observer, a post she held as a volunteer for almost 20 years. [BW12:601]
  • The following is a list of UN agencies with whom the BIC has representation: United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF), United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM), United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC), United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and World Health Organization (WHO).
  • In the Ridván Message of 2001, the Universal House of Justice wrote:
      On many occasions during this one-year endeavour, the external affairs of the Faith were especially visible. Consider, for example, the instances of Bahá'í representatives' having participated prominently in the millennial events that took place in May, August and September at the urging of the Secretary-General of the United Nations. The implications of so close and conspicuous an involvement of the Bahá'í International Community with the processes of the Lesser Peace will require the passage of time to be properly understood. (emphasis added)
  • * Shoghi Effendi (chronology); - Basic timeline, Expanded; - Non-governmental organizations (NGO); Bahá'í International Community; Bahá'í International Community (general); Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC); Firsts, other; Mildred Mottahedeh; New York, USA; UNEP; UNICEF; UNIFEM; United States (USA); World Health Organization (WHO)
    1993 Ridván
    199-
    The Local Spiritual Assembly of Tbilisi (Tiflis), Georgian Republic, was re-formed. [BINS298:8; BW93–4:82]
  • An assembly existed in the city in the 1930s. [BW93–4:82]
  • Georgia; Local Spiritual Assembly, re-formed; Tbilisi, Georgia
    1958 Ridván
    195-
    The formation of the first local spiritual assembly of Taipei. [The Taiwan Bahá'í Chronicle by Barbara R. Sims p25] Local Spiritual Assemblies; Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwan
    1942 Ridván
    194-
    The formation of the first Local Spiritual Assembly in Montevideo, Uruguay. [The Beginnings of the Bahá'í Faith in Latin America: Some Remembrances by Artemus Lamb] Local Spiritual Assembly, formation; Montevideo, Uruguay; Uruguay
    1905 (In the year)
    190-
    A.L.M. Nicolas published his book Seyyed Ali dit le Bab. It was the first work by a western author dedicated entirely to the Báb, His movement and His teachings. (Conflict: See 1865)

  • English translation A Prophet of Modern Times by Peter Terry.

    It is "(a) history of the Bábí movement up to 1852. Nicolas gives a list of sources for this book on pp. 48-53. It is interesting to note that among his oral sources are four of the leading Bahá'ís of that period, who had been designated by Bahá'u'lláh as 'Hands of the Cause': Mírzá 'Alí-Muhammad, 'Ibn-i-Asdaq: Mullá 'Al-Akbar-i-Sháhmírzádí, Hají Akhund; Mírzá Muhammad-Táqíy-i-Abharí, 'Ibn-i-Abhar; and Mírzá Hasan-i-Adíb. The other two oral sources named are Siyyid 'Ismu'lláh, who was presumably Siyyid Mihdíy-i-Dihají, and Mírzá Yahyá, Subh-i-Azál." [BBR38-39]

  • The preamble to his book has an image that is supposedly of the Báb, but the portrait does not seem to be an authentic representation.

  • William Miller also reproduced Nicolas's image on page 17 of his polemical work, The Bahá'í Faith: Its History and Teachings. (South Pasadena, CA: William Carey Library, 1974). ['The Bab in the World of Images', Bahá'í Studies Review, vol. 19, June 2013, 171–90.]
  • See also WOB83 for other missionaries who wrote polemics against the Bahá'í Faith.
  • * Báb, Writings of; * Publications; - First publications; A. L. M. Nicolas; Bábísm; Criticism and apologetics; France; Paris, France; William McElwee Miller
    1957 Feb
    195-
    As authorized by the Guardian, Mrs. Morassa (Yazdi) Rawhani arrived as a pioneer to Rabat, Morocco. She actively participated in the formation of two Assemblies, that of Rabat and Sale, and although of advanced age, she was occupied in deepening the friends and teaching the children in these two localities.

    She was born in 1887 and named Akkawiya (the one who belongs to ‘Akká) by ‘Abdu’l-Bahá. She was the granddaughter of Hadji Abderrehim Yazdi, one of the first bearers of the Sacred Standard. Born in the fortress of ‘Akká, she grew up in the Sacred Household under the shelter of the Greatest Holy Leaf.
    With her mother, she moved to Alexandria, Egypt where for a few months she was in charge of cleaning the private room of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá and was asked by Him several times to sew some of His clothes. She was entrusted to be the Early Prayer Reader of His private quarters.She was the first woman to become a member of the Spiritual Assembly of Alexandria, and dedicated her time to deepening the women in her locality.
    She passed away on October 6, 1971 and was buried in the Bahá’í Cemetery at Rabat, Morocco. Her funeral was attended by a large number of believers of Morocco, the majority native believers; also in attendance was a representative from the Íránian Embassy in Rabat. A message was sent from the Universal House of Justice to honour her life of service. [BN No 490 January 1972 p7]

    - Biography; Morocco
    1939 28 Feb
    193-
    The passing of Louis Alphonse Daniel Nicolas, signing A.L.M. Nicolas , (b. March 27 , 1864 in Rasht, Iran) in Paris. He was an historian and French orientalist, official interpreter of the Legation French abroad, and France's consul general in Tabriz.
          After reading Gobineau's Trois ans en Asie, 1855-1858 he checked all the information Gobineau had written in his book, corrected some of it, and then began to translate the writings of the Báb. Attracted by this young doctrine, he converted to Bábism and thus became the first Western Bábí. He was the first to translate works of the Báb into French: The Arabic Bayán and the Persian Bayán, and wrote various works, including Seyyed Ali Mohamed dit le Báb (1905), an Essai sur le Chéikhisme (1911) and several articles in newspapers such as Review of the Muslim World. Nicolas became knight of the Legion of Honour in 1909.
  • Moojan Momen says of him, "No European scholar has contributed so much to our knowledge of the life and teachings of the Báb as Nicholas. His study of the life of the Báb and his translations of several of the most important books of the Báb remain of unsurpassed value." [BBR36]
  • His important collection of manuscripts were auctioned and the items relevant to the Bahá'í and Bábí Faiths were purchased by the Bahá'í World Centre.
  • See BW8p885-887 for An Interview with A. L. M. Nicolas of Paris by Edith Sanderson.
  • See a short biography by Nader Nasiri Moghaddam in Encyclopaedia Iranica Online.
  • A chronological list of his publications:
    • Le Livre des Sept Preuves [Dalá'il-i-Sab'ih translated from Persian into French], Paris, 1902, 68 pp.
    • A propos de deux manuscrits 'Bábís' de la Bibliothèque Nationale, Revue de l'Histoire des Religions, Paris, volume 47, 1903, pp. 58-73
    • Le Béyan Arabe [Bayán al-'arabiyya translated from Arabic into French], Paris, 1905, 235 pp.
    • Seyyed Ali Mohammed dit le Báb [biography of the Báb, selections translated into English in this volume], Paris, 1905, 458 pp.
    • En Perse: Constitution [translation by A.L.M. Nicolas], Revue du Monde Musulman, Paris, volume 1, 1907 (décembre 1906), p. 86-100
    • Sur la Volonté Primitive et l'Essence Divine d'après le Báb, Revue de l'Histoire des Religions, Paris, volume 55, 1907, pp. 208-212
    • Essais sur le Chéïkhisme, 4 volumes :
    • Cheïkh Ahmed Lahçahi, Paris, volume 1, 1910
    • Séyyèd Kazem Rechti, Paris, volume 2, 1914
    • Le Chéïkhisme. La Doctine, Paris, volume 3, 1911 [extract from Revue du Monde Musulman]
    • La Science de Dieu, Paris, volume 4, 1911
    • Le Club de la fraternité [translation of an article by Atrpet by A.L.M. Nicolas], Revue du Monde Musulman, Paris, volume 13, 1911, pp. 180-184
    • Le Dossier russo-anglais de Seyyed Ali Mohammed dit le Báb, Revue du Monde Musulman, Paris, volume 14, 1911, pp. 357-363
    • Le Béyan Persan [Bayán-i-fársí translated from Persian into French], four volumes, 1911-1914
    • Abdoul-Béha et la situation, Revue du Monde Musulman, Paris, volume 21, 1912, pp. 261-267
    • Le Béhahis et le Báb, Journal Asiatique, Paris, volume 222, 1933, pp. 257-264
    • Qui est le successeur du Báb? Paris, 1933, 16 pp.
    • Quelques Documents relatifs au Babisme, Journal Asiatique, Paris, volume 224, 1934, pp. 107-142
    • Le Báb astronome, Revue de l'Histoire des Religions, Paris, volume 114, 1936, pp. 99-101
    • Massacres de Babis en Perse, Paris, 1936, 42 pp.

    [A Short Biography of A. L. M. Nicholas by Peter Terry 2008]
  • * Translation; - Biography; - Births and deaths; - First believers; - In Memoriam; A. L. M. Nicolas; Edith Sanderson; France; Iran; Nader Nasiri Moghaddam; Paris, France; Rasht, Iran
    1909 (In the year)
    190-
    The publication of A Year With the Bahá'ís of India and Burma by Sydney Sprague. It was published by Priory Press in London. PDF1908 [Collins 7.2467]

    The book was republished in 1986 by Kalimat Press. PDF1986.

      This short memoir is the account of the first visit by a Western Bahá'í to South and Southeast Asia, at the behest of Master himself. Sprague has given us a priceless description of several early Bahá'í communities in the region. From the author's pilgrimage to 'Akka, and the instructions given to him by 'Abdu'l-Bahá, through trips to Bombay, Rangoon, and Mandalay, then to Delhi and Lahore, we see a broad spectrum of Bahá'í community and life at the turn of the twentieth century. Sprague paints a clear picture of the transforming power of the Faith's message of unity in diversity that could bring together Muslims, Zoroastrians, Buddhists, and Hindus as a single-family.
    2012 (In the year)
    201-
    Stanford University's Bahá'í Collection was the first university-based collection of its kind in the United States and is a premier research resource of all topics Bahá'í related.
    • The Stanford Libraries preserves and makes accessible to all students and researchers a wealth of rare and unique archival materials and books on the Bahá'í Faith. The initial donation of the Jack H. Lee and Arden T. Lee Baha'i Collection in 2012, one of the most extensive private libraries of materials related to the Bahá'í Faith, includes thousands of books, letters, newspaper clippings, photographs and early Bahá'í publications from many countries and in various languages, from Urdu to Japanese to Greenlandic.
    • Holdings in the Bahá'í Collection also include the personal materials from the life's work of renowned educator, psychologist and philosopher Daniel C. Jordan (which include the only original 16 mm film of his ballet, Metamorphosis of the Owls, as well as the Bahá'í Library of Hourolain and Nasrollah Maghzi, an important collection of Persian rare books.
    • Donations to the physical collection or monetary contributions can be made. [Bahá'í Collection; Bahá'í Collection donations: Contributions are to specify "Stanford University Libraries and The Fund for the Jack and Arden Lee Baha’i Collection = account KBBLX"]
    Arden Lee; Dan Jordan; Hourolain Maghzi; Jack Lee; Libraries; Nasrollah Maghzi; Stanford University; United States (USA); Universities
    1878 to 1881
    187-
    The law of the Huqúqu'lláh was put into practice because the work of teaching the Cause began to expand in Persia and in neighbouring countries and there was a need for funds but Bahá'u'lláh put restrictions on its collection. [ESW56]
    • The first Trustee of the Huqúqu'lláh was Hájí Sháh-Muhammad-i-Manshádí, or Jináb-i-Sháh Muhammad from Manshád, Yazd who had become a believer in Baghdad. [Message from the Universal House of Justice dated 25 March, 1985]
    • His title was Amínu'l-Bayán (Trustee of the Bayán).
    • He made many journeys between Iran and the Holy Land carrying donations and petitions from the friends and returning with Tablets and news.
    • See SABF47-48 for the story of the lost coin given as a donation by a very poor woman.
    • He was tasked with receiving the casket of the Báb after the location had been discovered by a number of believers. He transferred it to the Mosque of Imámzádih Zayd in Tehran where it was buried beneath the floor of the inner sanctuary of the shrine. It was consequently discovered and moved to a series of private homes in Tehran until 'Abdu'l-Bahá sent for it for the internment. [ISC-1963p32]
    • Hájí Sháh-Muhammad was in 'Akká when Áqá Buzurg, entitled Badí', came to confer with Bahá'u'lláh. He and Badí met on Mount Carmel as directed by Bahá'u'lláh.
    • He was killed as a result of wounds incurred during an attack during a Kurdish revolt. [RoB3p73]
    Báb, Remains of; Baghdad, Iraq; Firsts, other; Huqúqu'lláh; Huququllah, Trustees of; Iran; Mosques; Shah-Muhammad-i-Manshadi (Aminul-Bayan); Tehran, Iran; Yazd, Iran
    1955 8 Jan
    195-
    Señor Moyses Mosquera Zevallos became the first believer of the Galapagos Islands to accept the Faith. As a result of his becoming a Bahá'í he was persecuted by the priest and both he and his wife lost their jobs as teachers. He was wrongfully accused of immoral acts with some of his students in spite of the fact that the teaching space was such that his wife was constantly with him.

    Moses was dismissed from his position because of the influence of the priest but he was asked to return to Naranjal because of the demands of the parents of his students. He remained at this school until his retirement during the late 1970's. [Heroes of God: History of the Bahá'í Faith in Ecuador, 1940-1979 by Helen Basset Hornby p69; 77]

    Ecuador; Galápagos Islands, Ecuador; Santa Cruz, Galápagos
    1848 19 - 20 Jul
    184-
    The Women's Rights Convention was held in the Wesleyan Chapel at Seneca Falls, NY. The principle organizer was Lucretia Mott, with Elizabeth Cady Stanton as its driving intellect. A significant role was played by an African-American man, an abolitionist and a recently freed slave, Frederick Douglass. The convention adopted a Declaration of Rights and Sentiments that consisted of 11 resolutions including the right for women to vote. The signatories were the 68 women and 32 men in attendance. The right for women to vote became part of the United States Constitution in 1920. [The Calling: Tahirih of Persia and her American Contemporaries p114-160, "Seneca Falls First Woman's Rights Convention of 1848: The Sacred Rites of the Nation" by Bradford W. Miller (Journal of Bahá'í Studies, 8.3, 1998)]
  • This conference has been compared to the Conference of Badasht with respect to the emancipation of women and entrenched prejudices.
  • Tahirih and Women's Suffrage written by / on behalf of Universal House of Justice in which they deal with the question of the relationship between Táhirih and women's sufferage as well as the station of Táhirih herself.
  • African Americans; Badasht, Iran; Conference of Badasht (1848); Equality; Gender; Human rights; Iran; New York, USA; Seneca Falls, NY; Ṭáhirih Qurratu'l-'Ayn; United States (USA); Women; Womens rights
    1844 24 May
    184-
    F.B. Morse sent the first telegraphic message over an experimental line from Washington D.C. to Baltimore; the message said: "What hath God wrought?" which is a verse from The Book of Numbers 23:23. Also see The Book of Job 38:35 where it says "Canst thou send lightnings, that they may go and say unto thee, Here we are?" [Thief in the Night or The Strange Case of the Missing Millennium by William Sears p3-4]

    See History of Information.

    Baltimore, MD; Communication; Firsts, other; History (general); Morse code; Telegraph; United States (USA); Washington, DC, USA
    1993 24 – 26 Dec
    199-
    The first summer school of Angola was held in Luanda, attended by more than 20 Bahá'ís. [BINS309:1] Angola; First summer and winter schools; Luanda, Angola; Summer schools
    1912 11 Aug
    191-
    While ‘Abdu’l-Baha was in New York, He sent word to the Baha’is of Chicago that the House of Spirituality should be reorganized and a new election held. He chose Howard MacNutt, to travel to Chicago as His personal representative. MacNutt was instructed to hold a new election for a “Spiritual Meeting” of the Bahá'ís of Chicago. For the first time, women were eligible for election to this body..

    MacNutt arrived in Chicago on August 8th. At ‘Abdu’l-Bahá’s instructions, a feast was held on August 10, at the home of Mr. and Mrs. George Lesch, where the entire Chicago Bahá'í community was invited to be the guests of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá. MacNutt delivered to the community ‘Abdu’l-Bahá’s message of unity and love. The election was held the following day the 11th of August.

    On Sunday evening, the 1rth of August, the Chicago Assembly selected a "Spiritual Meeling'' of nine, composed of men and women. whose service-according to the wish of Abdul-Ilahá -is, first, to propagate the teachings of the Revelation, and, second, to attend to other matters necessary lo the welfare of the assembly. [SoW Vol 3 No 9 20 August 1912 p16]

    `Abdu'l-Bahá, Second Western tour; Local Spiritual Assemblies; Local Spiritual Assembly, election; Spiritual Assemblies; Women
    1941 13 May
    194-
    The first Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of St. Paul, Minnesota was elected. [A Saint Paul Bahá'í Community History: The Early Years] Local Spiritual Assembly, election; Minnesota, USA; Saint Paul, MN
    1955 Ridván
    195-
    The first Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of Tenerife in the Canary Islands was formed.
  • For a photo see Worldwide Community of Bahá'u'lláh.
  • Local Spiritual Assembly, formation; Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Canary Islands
    1962 Mar
    196-
    Aboubacar Kâ, a school teacher and the first Senegalese known to become a Bahá'í, enrolled. - Africa; - First Bahá'ís by country or area; Senegal
    1919 20 Sep
    191-
    Martha Root arrived in Argentina, the first recorded visit of a Bahá'í to this country. [MR101]
  • She remained in Buenos Aires until 4 October. [MR101]
  • See MR101-2 and MRHK61-5 for her teaching work in Argentina.
  • See MR103-6 and MRHK66-9 for her journey over the Andes on a mule.
  • - First Bahá'ís by country or area; Andes Mountains; Argentina; Buenos Aires, Argentina; Martha Root
    1921 (In the year)
    192-
    The first publication in Chinese was published by the Bahá'ís in Shanghai. [Video Early history of the Bahá'í Faith in China 7min40sec] Shanghai, China
    1910 29 Aug
    191-
    `Abdu'l-Bahá departed for Egypt on board the steamer Kosseur London accompanied by two attendants, Mírzá Munír-i-Zayn and 'Abdu'l-Husayn. Upon arrival he telegrammed the Bahá'í in Haifa that he was in Egypt. Shoghi Effendi was asked to come two days later. [AB133-168; ABF5; BBRXXX; GPB280; AB134-135; Bahá'í News #12 16Oct1910 pg206; the Message from the Universal House of Justice dated August 29, 2010]
  • See letter from Sydney Sprague to Isabella Brittingham which indicates that He left sometime before this date.
  • GPB280 and AY84 say He departed in September.
  • After one month in Port Said He embarked for Marseille but turned back to Alexandria owing to His health. In a letter to Munírih Khánum He stated that His intention was to proceed to America or South Africa. [GPB280, ABF5]
  • He stayed for a few days in the Victoria Hotel but then moved to a rented house in Ramleh, a suburb of Alexandria, where He stayed for about one year. [GPB280, AB136; Memories of 'Abdu'l-Bahá by Ali M Yazdi (1899-1978) who was a child at the time.]
  • Early in May of 1911 he moved to Cairo and took up residence in nearby Zaytún. [AB138]
  • It was during this period that a sudden change occurred. A journalist who had previously been hostile towards Him took a new tone. [AB136]
  • The Russian poet Isabel Grinevsky, the Oriental Secretary of the British Agency, Ronald Storrs, Lord Kitchener, George Zaydán, eminent writer and celebrated editor as well as clerics, aristocrats, administrators, parliamentarians, men of letters, journalists and publicists, Arabs, Turks and Persians all sought out His company and met with Him. This period could be considered the first public proclamation of the Faith. [MRHK348, AB136-139; CH226]
  • See AB138-139 for a description of His triumphs during this period.
  • * `Abdu'l-Bahá (chronology); `Abdu'l-Bahá, Travels of; `Abdu'l-Bahá in Egypt; Alexandria, Egypt; Cairo, Egypt; Egypt; Firsts, other; Haifa, Israel; Isabella Grinevskaya; Kosseur London (ship); Port Said, Egypt; Proclamation; Ramleh, Egypt; Ships; Zaytun (Zeitoun), Iran
    1939 (In the Year)
    193-
    The first pioneer in El Salvador was John Eichenauer. [The Beginnings of the Bahá'í Faith in Latin America:Some Remembrances by Artemus Lamb] El Salvador
    1867 Sep - Aug 1868
    186-
    Nabíl-i-A'zam was dispatched to Iraq and Iran to inform the Bábís of the advent of Bahá'u'lláh. He was further instructed to perform the rites of pilgrimage on Bahá'u'lláh's behalf in the House of the Báb and the Most Great House in Baghdad. [BKG250; EB224; GPB176–7]
  • For details of his mission see EB224–7.
  • On hearing Nabíl's message, the wife of the Báb, Khadíjih Khánum, immediately recognized the station of Bahá'u'lláh. [EB225]
  • Nabil was the first Bahá'í to perform pilgrimage to the house of the Báb in Shiraz in fall 1866, in accordance with the rites prescribed in the Surat al-ḥajj revealed by Bahá'u'lláh. He also went to Baghdad and performed the pilgrimage to the House of Bahá'u'lláh in spring 1867, according to another sura, Surat al-damm written by Bahá'u'lláh for that purpose. Nabil's pilgrimage to those two houses marked the inception of pilgrimage laws ordained by Bahá'u'lláh later in his Kitāb-i-Aqdas. For the rites of these two pilgrimages performed by Nabíl see SA113–15. [GPB176-177, "Nabil-e aʿzam Zaranadi, Mollā Mohammad," by Vahid Rafati, Encyclopædia Iranica, DB434-435]
    • Lawh-i-Hajj (Tablet of Pilgrimage) (Note: there were numerous Tablets revealed with this same name. [BW19p584] (Leiden List shows 18 in total.)
  • - First pilgrims; Baghdad, Iraq; House of Bahá'u'lláh (Baghdad); Iran; Iraq; Khadijih Khanum; Nabíl-i-A‘ẓam (Nabíl-i-Zarandí); Pilgrimage; Pilgrims; Shíráz, Iran
    1851 10 Feb
    185-
    The first person to write a paper giving an account on Bábism was Dr Rev Austin H Wright. It was originally presented as "American Oriental Society" in The Literary World, 8 (228): p470. June 14, 1851. Wright had been stationed in Urumiah and was on hand when the Báb was taken from Mákú to Tabriz. [The Bábi and Bahá'í Religions, 1844-1944:Some Contemporary Western Accounts p10,73]

    The report can be found on Bahá'í Library.

    Austin Wright; Urúmíyyih, Iran
    1993 Ridván
    199-
    The first person resident on Norfolk Island to become a Bahá'í enrolled. [BINS293:8] - First Bahá'ís by country or area; Norfolk Island
    1907 (In the year)
    190-
    Lady Blomfield and her daughter Mary learned of the Faith at a reception in Paris. [CH1–2; ER95; SBR22; SEBW101, SCU17]
  • For accounts of Lady Blomfield's life see ER88–97 and SEBW101–10.
  • The first person of Irish birth to accept the Faith in the British Isles appears to have been Sara, Lady Blomfield (nee Ryan) in London in 1907. She had been born in County Tipperary, Ireland, in 1859. [Regional Council website]
  • France; Lady Sarah Louisa Blomfield; Mary Basil Hall (Parvine); Paris, France
    1901 (In the Year)
    190-
    Dr Frederick D'Evelyn, born in Belfast about 1855 was the first person of Irish birth to accept the Faith. In the year became a Bahá'í, he was in the party (along with Helen Goodall, Ella Goodall Cooper, and Mr and Mrs W. C. Ralston) that officially welcomed 'Abdu’l-Bahá on His arrival in San Francisco in October 1912, and his name appears first of the list of recipients of a tablet from the Master published in Star of the West on 19 January 1915. Dr D'Evelyn's account of the historic meeting is reproduced in Marion Carpenter Yazdi's Youth in the Vanguard which describes his involvement in Bahá'í activities a number of times. His service is mentioned in other books, such as Mahmud's Diary and Leroy Ioas - Hand of the Cause of God by Anita Ioas Chapman, and he appears a number of times in Star of the West, sometimes referred to as "Frederick W. Evelyn". In addition to his local position he was a member of the Temple Unity Board, the forerunner of the National Spiritual Assembly.

    In August 1932 he died after a brief illness and was interred at Cypress Lawn cemetery. The Spiritual Assembly of the Bahá'ís of San Francisco expressed its "grief and sense of serious loss" and paid tribute to "the untiring services and inspiring leadership of their first Chairman, Dr Frederick W. D'Evelyn". [Bahá'í Council website]

    - Biography; Ireland
    1990 Jun
    199-
    Nicolai Gejnze, from Bishkek and a crew member in one of three boats in which Bahá'ís made a trip down the Volga River in June and July 1990, enrolied, the first person from Kirgizia known to have become a Bahá'í. Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan; Central Asia; Kirgizia, Kyrgyzstan; Kyrgyzstan; Nicolai Gejnze; Russia; Volga River
    1911 3 Jun
    191-
    Ghodsea Khanoum Ashraf (Qudsíyyih Ashraf) (b. 22 November 1889 in Majidābād, d. 16 April 1976 in Tehran) arrived in the United States together with Dr. Lutfullah Hakim and four others. On the final leg of her journey from Southhampton to New York City aboard the RMS Mauretania, she was accompanied by Louis Gregory. She was the first Persian woman to travel to the country and as such, received considerable press coverage. [BFA2:358]
  • She remained in the United States until 1919. Her return to Iran was delayed due to travel restrictions during the war. During this time she obtained a high school certificate, a bachelor's degree and then a master's degree. She was asked by ʿAbdu'l-Bahá to represent the women of the East at the cornerstone-laying ceremony of the Temple in Wilmette on the 1st of May in 1912 and met Him again in Washington during November of the same year.
  • Upon her return to Iran she produced her academic credentials to the Education Minister and declared her readiness to serve her country. Despite her many outstanding qualifications he refused to hire her because she was a Bahá'í. Despite being denied the opportunity to serve as a teacher she found ways to render service in the field of education. With the passing of Lillian Kappes, the principal at the time of the Tarbiyat Girls' School of Tehran (Tarbiyat al-Banat), she took over as principal. In that capacity she took significant initiatives, notably offering monthly conferences and adult literacy classes.
  • She became further qualified by obtaining a diploma in nursing and then another in midwifery and subsequently opened clinics that offered services to the poor and the disadvantaged.
  • In 1956 Ms. Ashraf initially joined her nephew Mr. Abdollah Sahihi, a pioneer in Brazil. She then served in three more countries; Brazil, Ecuador and Columbia. In 1963 she attended the World Congress in London and then returned to Iran to continue her service to her native country.
  • See Ahmad Sohrab's letter to her in SW6, 10:77–9.
  • For short biographies see SCF55-85; Encyclopedia Iranica and Iran Press Watch.
  • - Biography; Firsts, other; Ghodsieh Ashraf (Qudsiyyih Ashraf); Iran; Majidabad, Iran; Tarbiyat School, Tihran; Tehran, Iran; United States (USA)
    1845 8 Jan
    184-
    The first notice of the Bábi faith that was recorded by a European was the report of Major Rawlinson, the British Consul in Baghdad, concerning the trial of Mulla Aliy-i-Bastami. He wrote to Sir Stratford Canning, the British Ambassador in Istanbul.

    He subsequently wrote to Lt-Col Justin Sheil, the British Minister in Tihran on the 16th of January and again to Canning on the 25th of the month. [BBRp4, 83-90]

    - Persecution, Court cases; Baghdad, Iraq; Fatwa; Henry Rawlinson; Justin Sheil; Mullá ‘Alíy-i-Basṭámí; Persecution, Iraq; Stratford Canning; Trials
    1919 (In the year)
    191-
    The first Norwegian to accept the Faith, Johanna Christensen-Schubarth, `the mother of the Norwegian Bahá'í Community', became a Bahá'í in the United States. [BW12:694-696]. - First Bahá'ís by country or area; Norway
    1912 17 Dec
    191-
    A Bahá'í arrived from Ireland to see 'Abdu'l-Bahá, possibly Joan Waring, after travelling all day and all night. Miss Waring was possibly the first native believer in Ireland. She contributed to the Wilmette Temple Fund in 1913 and on the 26th of October 1914 she married Thomas Fforde. On the 29th of June 1919 they wrote to Àbdu'l-Bahá expressing gratitude that He had survived the War. [Bahá'í Council website; Early Irish Baha'is: Issues of Religious, Cultural, and National Identity by R. Jackson Armstrong-Ingram]
  • He made comments on the character of the American people.
  • In the afternoon He spoke to a large gathering at Caxton Hall in Westminster. [SoW Vol III no 19 2Mar1913 p3-4, ABTM276-277]
  • `Abdu'l-Bahá, Second Western tour; `Abdu'l-Bahá, Travels of; Ireland; London, England; United Kingdom
    1996 23 – 24 Mar
    199-
    The first National Women's Seminar of Bulgaria was held in Sofia, organized by the European Task Force for Women. [BINS365:8] - First conferences; Bulgaria; Conferences, Bahá'í; Conferences, Women; Sofia, Bulgaria; Women
    1982 9 Jun
    198-
    The passing of Richard Edward St. Barbe Baker (b. 9 October, 1889 West End, Hampshire, England d. Saskatoon, Saskatchewan). [BW18p802-805; BW5p549]
  • He was one of the foremost world famous environmentalists of the twentieth century, an ecologist, conservationist, forester, vegetarian, horseman, apiarist, author of some thirty books and numerous articles and a committed Bahá'í who rendered service to the Bahá'í Faith for more than fifty years.
  • Shoghi Effendi referred to Baker as "the first member of the English gentry to join the Bahá'í Faith." [Bahá'í Encyclopedia Project.
  • He formally founded the Men of the Trees organization in England in 1924 and it soon spread to many other countries. (Shoghi Effendi enrolled as the first life member of the Men of the Trees.) Now known as the International Tree Foundation, it has a large membership of women and men from all walks of life. In 1978 Charles, Prince of Wales, became the society's patron. A history of the organization is on their website. [Bahá'í Chronicles; BW18p802-805]
  • See BWNS1292.
  • He was buried in the Woodlawn Cemetery in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
  • See photo.
  • See his biography by Paul Hanley.
  • See a short biography by Wendi Momen and Anthony A. Voykovic. This paper has a further references to St. Barbe Baker as well references to his writings.
  • See a brief biography in The Bahá'í Community of the British Isles 1844-1963 p462-464 and for the story of his learning of the Faith, p401.
  • - Biography; - Births and deaths; - In Memoriam; Canada; Cemeteries and graves; Environment; Hampshire, England; International Tree Foundation; Men of the Trees; Richard St. Barbe Baker; Saskatchewan, Canada; Saskatoon, SK; United Kingdom
    1949 May
    194-
    Anwer Cadir was the first member of the Bahá'í Faith community in Sri Lanka. In May 1949, in Colombo he met a homeopathic doctor from India, Dr. Lukmani, who was a Bahá'í. He accepted this new Faith because he loved its fundamental principle: the oneness of mankind and because the Bahá'í Faith accepted that the spiritual teachings of all the great religions of the past are basically saying the same message. Then, it was Anwer Cadir who established the Bahá'í Faith in Thailand in 1952. He also often served as a member of the National Spiritual Assembly, the national governing body of the Bahá'ís of Sri Lanka, throughout much of the 1960s, 1970s until his sudden passing on February 5,1981.

    Anwer Cadir was one of Sri Lanka’s earliest civil engineers, who served under Lord Mountbatten in the Royal Engineering Corps at Peradeniya Gardens during World War II. After the war, he later worked for the Ceylon Public Works Department before traveling to Burma (Myanmar) to work as an engineer and there he married a Burmese lady. In Sri Lanka, he worked on the Gal Oya project and on the Norton Bridge Dam project. In Nigeria, he worked on the Niger River dam project,

    On February 9, 2025 was the day of the launch in Sri Lanka of the biography, The Lamp of the Company Above – the life story of Anwer Cadir of Dehiowita. The author, Ian Bayly, came from Australia for this special occasion after releasing his book in India, Myanmar, Thailand and Nigeria, which were also countries in which the late Anwer Cadir lived in and served their communities. The book launch was held at Hill House, Pirivena Road, Dehiowita, which was Mr. Anwer Cadir’s family home, where he was born and passed away. [Sunday Observer]

    Anwer Cadir; Myanmar; Nigeria; Sri Lanka; Thailand
    1954 6 Apr
    195-
    In his Ridván Message Shoghi Efffendi announced that: The site for the first Mashriqu'l-Adhkár of the Holy Land has been selected--an area of approximately twenty thousand square meters--situated at the head of the Mountain of God, in close proximity to the Spot hallowed by the footsteps of Bahá'u'lláh, near the time-honoured Cave of Elijah, and associated with the revelation of the Tablet of Carmel, the Charter of the World Spiritual and Administrative Centres of the Faith on that mountain. Funds totalling one hundred thousand dollars have, moreover, been contributed by one of the Hands of the Cause*, residing in the Holy Land, and negotiations have been initiated with the Israeli authorities for the purpose of effecting the immediate purchase of the selected site. (*Hand of the Cause Milly Collins) [MBW63; DoH175]

    In another message about a year later he provided further details. [MBW78-79]

    - Bahá'í World Centre; - Mashriqu'l-Adhkár (House of Worship); Amelia Collins; Funds; Haifa, Israel; Mashriqu'l-Adhkár, Haifa; Mount Carmel
    1942 (In the Year)
    194-
    The first Local Spiritual Assembly was formed in San Salvador, El Salvador. [The Beginnings of the Bahá'í Faith in Latin America:Some Remembrances by Artemus Lamb] El Salvador
    1958 Ridván
    195-
    The first Local Spiritual Assembly was formed in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe (the Southern Rhodesia. [KoB111] Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
    1934 Jul
    193-
    The formation of a Spiritual Assembly, the first in the Balkans, elected in Sofia in July, 1934 by a community of thirty or more. [BW6p133 NBAD138] Bulgaria; Local Spiritual Assembly, formation; Sofia, Bulgaria
    1925 Ridván
    192-
    The first Local Spiritual Assembly in South Africa was formed in the Carey home in Arcadia, Pretoria. [PHBFp8]

    Agnes Carey was the first person from Pretoria to become a Bahá'í and served as a member of the Local assembly from 1925 to 1929.

    - First Bahá'ís by country or area; Local Spiritual Assembly, formation; Pretoria, South Africa
    1948 Ridván
    194-
    The first Local Spiritual Assembly was established in Edinburgh, Scotland [SBBH Vol 14 p275] Edinburgh, Scotland; Local Spiritual Assembly, formation; Scotland
    1948 Ridvan
    194-
    The formation of the first Local Spiritual Assembly in Cardiff. See CG9 for a picture. Cardiff, Wales; Local Spiritual Assemblies; United Kingdom; Wales, UK
    1991 2 Oct
    199-
    The first local spiritual assembly in Belarus was formed at Minsk. Belarus; Local Spiritual Assemblies; Minsk, Belarus
    1923 Dec
    192-
    The first local spiritual assembly in Australia was formed in Melbourne. Australia; Local Spiritual Assemblies; Melbourne, Australia
    1990 21 Mar
    199-
    The first local spiritual assembly since the second world war in Eastern Europe was elected on 21 March 1990 in Cluj, Romania. [100 Years of the Bahá'í Faith in Europe by Seena Fazel and Graham Hassall]
  • Counsellor Don Rogers represented the International Teaching Centre.
  • Cluj, Romania; Local Spiritual Assembly, formation; Romania
    1980 Oct (Mid)
    198-
    The First Latin American Bahá'í Women's Conference was held in Brasilia at the Convention Centre.
  • Leonera Armstrong, on her deathbed in Salvador, Bahia at the time, addressed the conference via a message recorded on cassette tape.
      Woman, light of the future generation - when we, the women of the world, reflect on the true meaning of this theme that was chosen and as its full meaning penetrates more and more deeply into the conscience of each woman, we must understand that affectionate, that supreme privilege is ours and that inescapable duty is ours, and so we must rise as never before, to fulfill our first obligation. Women know that they are the first educators of humanity ...
    [Biographical Profile]
  • - Conferences; Bahia, Brazil; Brasilia, Brazil; Brazil; Conferences, Women; Latin America; Leonora Holsapple Armstrong

    Only the earliest 50 entries are shown above, as a sample.

    Home divider Site Map divider Series divider Chronology
    search   Author divider Title divider Date divider Tags
    Adv. search divider Languages divider Inventory
    Links divider About divider Contact divider RSS divider New
    smaller font
    larger font